Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 19 of 19 for “"Montreal Protocol"”.
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The municipal solid waste landfill as a source of Montreal Protocol-restricted halocarbons in the United States and United Kingdom
… change, is the ability to predict emissions of Montreal Protocol-restricted halocarbons (MPGs) over the coming decades. The prediction of emissions has become difficult as global production of MPGs has rapidly declined establishing "banks" (MPGs which have been produced but not yet released) as …
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Trend Analyses of the Abundances of Atmospheric Molecules
… bias at 5.5 and 6.5 km in altitude.</p> <p>The Montreal Protocol banned the production of major ozone depleting substances such as chloro uorocarbons (CFCs) to protect the Earth's ozone layer. These halogenated compounds are inert in the troposphere and ultimately converted to HCl in the upper …
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The Montreal Protocol’s multilateral fund: an environmental and economic success
… treaty that addressed ozone depletion, the Montreal Protocol (with its subsequent amendments), has widely been hailed as a success. However, the triumphs of the Montreal Protocol are inseparable from its Multilateral Fund, whose creation was a prerequisite for developing nations, including …
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Globalization and standards : the liberalization of trade and the potential for a regulatory race to the top
… to explore the causes of a race to the top: the Montreal Protocol on Ozone Depleting Substances, dolphin-safe tuna, and fair trade coffee. Many of the concerns of a race to the bottom pertain to process and production methods (PPMs) in global supply chains. One of the themes in this research is …
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Sustainable design of hydrocarbon refrigerants applied to the hermetic compressor
… refrigerants (CFCs) under the terms of the Montreal protocol. CFCs used in domestic applications were initially replaced with hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) such as R134a which has a zero ozone depletion potential (ODP). The use of HFCs has also come under scrutiny as they have high global …
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Good press, bad press: A 25-year comparison of arguments and trends in American news coverage of climate change and the ozone hole
… captured by the press---in the evolution of the Montreal ozone and Kyoto climate treaties. The study concludes: (1) The timing and structure of arguments in American news coverage of the ozone hole has paralleled the policy success of the Montreal Protocol in the United States over the past …
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A legal analysis of multilateral environmental agreements dealing with hazardous products and hazardous waste
… Trade (Rotterdam Convention), the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity (Cartagena Protocol), the Montreal Protocolon Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (Montreal Protocol) and the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (Stockholm …
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Attribution of stratospheric ozone change and associated climate impacts
… the landmark international agreement of the Montreal Protocol to control the production of ozone depleting substances (ODSs). There are now signs of stratospheric ozone recovery, and it is essential to understand whether the observed historical changes, during both the depletion and recovery …
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EXAMINATION OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND METEOROLOGY OF ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS FROM THE NORTH CHINA PLAIN
… CFCs production and release, in violation of the Montreal Protocol. Finally, I examine the influence of meteorology on surface and aloft measurements during ARIAs. A multiday persistent high pressure episode is presented as a case study to examine the influence of regional transport on air quality …
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Reduced Kinetic Mechanisms For Premixedhydrogen-air-cf3br Flames
… and consumption were severely regulated by the Montreal Protocol due to its hazardous depletion effect to the stratospheric ozone layer. It is therefore imperative to find an effective replacement fire-fighting agent before the mandated deadline of the complete phase out of CF3Br. Currently …
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The Physical Chemistry of pMDI Formulations Derived from Hydrofluoroalkane Propellants. A Study of the Physical Behaviour of Poorly Soluble Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients; Bespoke Analytical Method Development Leading to Novel Formulation Approaches for Product Development.
… of hydrofluoroalkanes (HFAs) in pMDIs since the Montreal Protocol initiated a move away from chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) based devices has resulted in better performing products, with increased lung deposition and a concomitant reduction in oropharyngeal deposition. The physical properties of HFA …
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Understanding Drivers of Stratospheric Ozone Change and Fingerprinting its Recovery
… With ODS emissions being regulated under the Montreal Protocol and studies now focusing on illicit new production on the order of tens of gigagrams per year, the ocean’s role as both a natural source and sink of ODSs becomes increasingly important. However, these processes have often been …
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Layer-layer interactions in atmospheric, cryospheric, and stellar dynamics
… such as continued production that violate the Montreal Protocol, from natural processes. The third chapter studies seasonal synchronizations between the dominant mode of lower stratospheric variability on one-to-five-year timescales and advective contributions to temporal changes in N₂O and …
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The influence of the Paris Agreement on mitigation actions toward the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions post 2015: A comparative study of Nordic, Asian and African regions
… environmental agreements (IEA) such as the Montreal Protocol and the Kyoto Protocol and have utilised parameters to measure the IER’s effectiveness. The thesis distinguishes by examining the influence of the Paris Agreement utilising the existing parameters proffered by various scholars such …
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Ozone Chemistry in the Lower Stratosphere: Drivers, Trends, and Impacts
… in the deep tropics. Third, the success of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone 3 Layer is examined in the context of the record Arctic ozone depletion of Spring 2020. Results indicate that, in a “World Avoided” where ozone depleting substances had continued to increase, …
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The development of automatic fire protection methods for computing and telecommunications areas
… of production of halon as a result of the Montreal Protocol gave fresh impetus to the development of suitable alternative fire extinguishing agents. It also offered fire protection engineers an opportunity to re-evaluate existing loss control techniques and to examine alternative fire …
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Measurement and deduction of emissions of short-lived atmospheric organo-chloride compounds
… of longer lived halocarbons through the Montreal Protocol, and speculation about the safety of many short-lived chlorinated organic molecules has been raised, there has been more consideration given to the efforts aimed at determining the levels of human exposure to all types of …
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Surface Ozone and Population Health
… radiation, which has been emphasised in the Montreal Protocol; ii) ozone as a greenhouse gas can alter the atmospheric thermodynamics; iii) ambient ozone is associated with adverse effects on ecosystem and population health through exposure; and iv) sophisticated photochemical mechanisms make …
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A Multi-Scale analysis of organochlorine pesticide contamination in raptor populations: research effort, historical trends, and current concentrations
… halt environmental contamination. The Montreal Protocol is another such example that helped reduce the depletion of the ozone layer, curbing harmful solar ultra-violet radiation by banning chemicals such as CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons). These success stories provide hope that other global …