Global ETD Search
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Showing 1 to 20 of 69 for “"Monolinguals"”.
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Brain Structure and Age of Acquisition in Bilinguals and Monolinguals
… 1) late bilinguals had thicker cortex than monolinguals, simultaneous bilinguals, and early bilinguals in left and right frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital regions; 2) no volume differences were found, and 3) compared to monolinguals, late bilinguals had greater density in the left …
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A Psycholinguistic Investigation of Agreement in Spanish and English Monolinguals and Bilinguals
Three psycholinguistic experiments employed novel methodologies to answer these questions. Experiment 1 investigated agreement in monolingual speakers of English (n=18), Mexican Spanish (n=32), and Dominican Spanish (n=28), who were aurally presented with 32 complex noun phrases (16 with …
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Reaction times for naming successive letters of the alphabet for monolinguals and bilinguals
"The present experiment was conducted to compare the performance of bilinguals in both French and English to the performance of unilinguals of both languages on a reaction-time task involving letters of the alphabet. This research also wanted to determine if there was any difference between …
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Contextual effects of varying amounts of language-mixed text on translation and comprehension by monolinguals and bilinguals
… of discourse context information on English Monolinguals' and Spanish-English Bilinguals' ability to 1) translate Spanish and Finnish vocabulary words and 2) comprehend inferential and factual comprehension questions based on language-mixed prose. Language-mixed (i.e., codeswitched) prose …
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Outcomes related to disparities in the preschool language experiences of English monolinguals and dual language learners in Head Start
ECE classrooms are an important context for children’s early development. For dual language learners (DLL), ECE experiences are particularly relevant for learning English. In this study, quantitative and contingency features of the language environments of 36 preschoolers in Head Start (15 English …
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SENSITIVITY TO VOWEL, CONSONANT AND TONE VARIATION IN EARLY CHILDHOOD: EVIDENCE FROM 6-YEAR-OLD MANDARIN MONOLINGUALS AND ENGLISH-MANDARIN BILINGUALS
… a series of word recognition studies, Mandarin monolinguals and Mandarin-English bilinguals were tested on their sensitivity to tones versus to vowels and consonants. In order to investigate the development of phonological sensitivities, 5.5 to 6.5 year old Mandarin learners were sampled. …
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Semantic ambiguity in the lexical access of verbs: how data from monolinguals and bilinguals inform a general model of the mental lexicon
… recent discoveries in ambiguity research in monolinguals (e.g., Rodd, Gaskell and Marslen-Wilson, 2002), the implications of which suggest an overriding mechanism of language processing—not just a theory of bilingual lexical processing.
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The Relationship between Bilingualism, Cognitive Control, and Mind Wandering
… by examining performance of bilinguals and monolinguals on a variety of cognitive control tasks. A second purpose was to determine how bilinguals are able to achieve better performance if they do indeed have an advantage. Specifically, we were interested in whether there were differences in …
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First and Second Generation New York City Bilinguals: What Is the Role of Input in Their Collocational Knowledge of English and Spanish?
<p>This study compares monolinguals and different kinds of bilinguals with respect to their knowledge of the type of lexical phenomenon known as <em>collocation</em>. Collocations are word combinations that speakers use recurrently, forming the basis of conventionalized lexical patterns that are …
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Differences in IQ and Memory of Monolingual/Bilingual Children who Suffered a TBI
… a TBI, will they have even more difficulty than monolinguals with language tasks because they have a smaller vocabulary base? This study aims to further elucidate whether verbal memory will be more severely impacted than nonverbal memory in this same bilingual pediatric TBI population. 18 …
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Prevalence of Autistic-Like Traits in General Population Bilingual and Monolingual Samples and Their Effect on Cognition and Metaphor Processing/Interpretation
… interpretation (study 3) in both bilinguals and monolinguals. The first study explored the distribution of ALTs in a general population sample of bilingual (n = 164) and monolingual (n = 230) children (age range: 5-12 years) based in the United Kingdom. The study found that age and structural …
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Is there a bilingual advantage: testing the role of language mode
… OSPAN, and RotSpan) and the Simon task for monolinguals, bilinguals in bilingual mode, and bilinguals in monolingual mode. No significant differences were observed between all bilinguals and all monolinguals on any of the measures. However, significant differences were observed once language …
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Language Minority Learners' Spanish-Influenced Spelling Errors and Morphological Knowledge
… predicted the rate of such errors. As expected, monolinguals scored higher on morphological knowledge than LM learners, and morphological knowledge predicted errors related to the morphologically complex spelling task for both LM learners and monolinguals, but only when English decoding skill was …
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The Association Between Musical Training, Bilingualism, and Executive Function
… or inhibitory control abilities compared to monolinguals. Moreover, a combined effect of bilingualism and musical training was not found. Similarly, in Paper 2, results demonstrated cognitive advantages in task switching and dual task performance among musicians compared with non-musicians. …
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The Role of the DLPFC in Bilingual and Monolingual Switching: Evidence from MVPA and tDCS
… second was to determine whether bilinguals and monolinguals differed in this relationship. The first study used multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA) to determine whether the patterns of fMRI activity in the left and right DLPFC for language control were similar to the patterns of activity for …
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Bilingualism and cognition: exploring the bilingual cognitive advantage across the lifespan
… having certain cognitive advantages relative to monolinguals (Bialystok et al., 2004, 2006, 2008 a,b; Costa et al., 2008; Hernandez et al., 2010; Salvatierra & Rosselli, 2011; Bialystok et al., 2014; Blumenfeld & Marian, 2014). Participants included French-English and English-French bilinguals …
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The bilingual advantage in switching: Are two better than one?
… of reaction time in both bilinguals and monolinguals, such that higher proficiency was related to faster responses. In the monolinguals, higher English proficiency was also related to more accurate performance, a relationship that was non-existent in the bilinguals. In the bilinguals, …
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The Acquisition of English stops by Saudi L2 Learners
… adult advanced Saudi learners of English and 60 monolinguals (30 native English and 30 Arabic monolinguals) participated in this study. The VOTs of the voiced and voiceless stops were measured followed by three different vowels, in both isolated word and word in sentence contexts. The results …
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What Do We Know about the Bilingual Advantage When the Executive Functioning Performance Is Tested Using Auditory Stimuli? A Systematic Review
… that assess executive function skills in both monolinguals and bilinguals to better understand how stimuli modality may affect performance and the possible demonstration of a bilingual advantage.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of nine studies that investigated the presence of a …
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Motion Event Expression in Bilingual First Language Acquisition
… simultaneous bilingual children in comparison to monolinguals? The particular focus of this study is on the role of crosslinguistic interactions and the extent to which their occurrence and directionality are affected by language-specific properties, children’s age and the factor of task …
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