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Showing 1 to 20 of 40 for “"Molecular motor"”.
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Mechanistic studies of the AAA+ molecular motor ClpXP
… enzymes that serves as the regulatory domain and motor for the ClpXP protease system. ClpX binds protein substrates via an amino acid sequence known as a tag, denatures them, and translocates them into the associated peptidase, ClpP. ClpX utilizes the energy from ATP hydrolysis to pull on bound …
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Chemomechanical coupling and motor cycles of the molecular motor myosin V
… internal structure relies to a large extent on molecular motors. Molecular motors are proteins that are able to convert chemical energy from the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into mechanical work. Being about 10 to 100 nanometers in size, the molecules act on a length scale, for …
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Structural mechanism of the recovery-stroke in Myosin II molecular motor at atomic detail
Das molekulare Motorprotein Myosin wandelt chemische Energie aus der ATP Hydolyse in mechanische Arbeit um, die dazu genutzt wird um Myosin- und Aktin-Filamente gegeneinander zu verschieben und so z.B. die Muskelkontraktion zu ermoeglichen. Der Mechanismus dieser chemisch-mechanischen Kopplung, der …
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Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Cross-Link Analysis of the Rotary Molecular Motor Fo of ATP Synthase
Submitted by Meng Tao (mengtao2@illinois.edu) on 2012-10-23T18:32:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Kanchanawarin_Chalermpol.pdf: 331004154 bytes, checksum: 79e6ed6e3fe4628353c529ad121de6ec (MD5)
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Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Cross-Link Analysis of the Rotary Molecular Motor F(o) of ATP Synthase
… (ATP). It consists of two coupled rotary motors, F1 and Fo. ATP is generated via a rotary mechanism that couples the synthesis of ATP in F1 to the proton translocation across Fo which is driven by the electrochemical proton gradient across the membrane. F1 consists of three different …
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Non-equilibrium dynamics in three-dimensional magnetic spin models and molecular motor-inspired one-dimensional exclusion processes
… process inspired by the gear-like motion of molecular motors. In a system of three-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnets the non-conserved staggered magnetization components couple non-trivially to the conserved magnetization densities inducing fully reversible terms that enter the Langevin …
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Motion of filaments induced by molecular motors: from individual to collective dynamics
… phenomena, such as cytoplasmic streaming, molecular motors translocate along microtubules carrying cargoes which entrain fluid. The piconewton forces that motors produce can be sufficient to bend or buckle the filaments. When large numbers of such forced filaments interact through the …
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Structure of the GP16 ATPase from the φ29 dsDNA packaging motor
… φ29 DNA is driven by a phage-encoded molecular motor. This motor is powered by an oligomeric ATPase, gp16, or gene product 16, that converts energy obtained from ATP hydrolysis into translocation of dsDNA. In this study, we solved the gp16 ATPase structure via X-ray crystallography. …
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Phosphorylation Regulation of T-Lymphocyte Migration
… Mst1 regulates two mechanical effectors, the molecular motor Myosin-IIA and the cytoskeleton regulatory protein L-plastin, through the process of phosphorylation. Theregulation of Myosin-IIA enables it to generate contractile force inside a migrating T-cell, maintaining the shape and proper …
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Studying Processive Molecular Motors Inside Live Cells
Processive molecular motors are the proteins that transport various kinds of cargos within a cell. All processive motors have two motor domains that let the protein proceed by taking steps. These motor proteins can carry their cargos for microns by taking hundreds of steps before detaching form the …
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Regulation mechanisms in molecular motors: engineering bioinspired transportation at micron-scale
… cargo transport, orchestrated by teams of molecular motor proteins on cytoskeletal tracks, is a fundamental process within eukaryotic cells. This thesis presents a comprehensive investigation into multi-motor cargo transport, employing an array of cutting-edge tools, including …
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Molecular analysis of kinetochore-microtubule attachment in budding yeast
… tensile force generation. However, the actual molecular mechanism of force generation is unclear. We have used a combination of live-cell imaging, biochemical and genetic techniques in the budding yeast, S. cerevisiae, to identify ten kinetochore subunits and elucidate their roles in …
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The rule of Myosin II and Rap2 in synaptic structure and function
… roles in these processes. Among these are the molecular motor myosin II and the Ras family GTPase Rap2. Myosin II can move and contract actin filaments in non-neuronal cells, and it represents a novel way to alter spine structure, which is classically thought to occur through actin …
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Cargo Specific Regulation Of Cytoplasmic Dynein By Effector Proteins
… the cell body is driven almost completely by the molecular motor, cytoplasmic dynein. Yet, it remains unclear how dynein is spatially and temporally regulated given the variety of cargo that must be properly localized to maintain cellular function. Previous work has suggested that adaptor proteins …
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Modeling and Simulating Biomolecular Machineries at Atomic Scale and Beyond
Biomolecular machineries are molecular complexes endowed with sophisticated machine-like functions inside living organisms. Understanding how these machineries achieve their functions at the microscopic structural level could be essential for understanding fundamental principles of life as well as …
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Investigating the effect of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated mutant vesicle-associated membrane protein B on axonal transport
… by selective degeneration and death of motor neurons. The architecture of neurons makes them dependent upon the proper transport of protein and organelle cargoes, especially through axons (axonal transport). Indeed, disruption to axonal transport is a very early, pathological event in …
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Distinct Functions and Regulation of Nonmuscle Myosin II Isoforms a and B in Cell Motility
… component of the migration machinery, the molecular motor protein nonmuscle myosin II (myosin II) has long been a subject of scientific inquiry. It is now generally accepted that the contractile forces generated by myosin II contribute directly or indirectly to every step in migration. …
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Exploiting AI to understand microtubule orientation in neurons
… the cell body (they are oriented ‘+end out’). Molecular motor proteins rely on this orientation to efficiently move vital cargo to the distal regions of the axon. Despite 30 years of research, the mechanism that establishes this unique microtubule configuration, and thus long-range transport, …
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Mechanotransduction at the nuclear envelope: the role of forces in facilitating embryonic stem cell fate decisions
… components in the cytoskeleton – notably the molecular motor non-muscle myosin II - and key structural and chromatin binding proteins in the nuclear envelope, notably, the lamins (LMNA), Lamin B receptor (LBR) and components of the LINC complex (nesprins/KASH). The structural proteins in the …
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Investigations into Protein-Surface Interactions via Atomic Force Microscopy and Surface Plasmon Resonance
… adsorption to surfaces. ATPase is a tiny molecular motor which synthesizes ATP. This motor is of interest in the fabrication of hybrid nanobiodevices. Incorporation of this protein into devices requires precise control over immobilization properties such as location, concentration, …
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