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Showing 1 to 18 of 18 for “"Mobile genetic element"”.
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Consequences of a mobile genetic element integrated at secondary locations
Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) are widespread mobile genetic elements that are integrated in bacterial chromosomes, but can excise and transfer to a recipient through conjugation. ICEs are important agents of evolution, contributing to the acquisition of new traits, including …
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Conflict between bacteriophages and a mobile genetic element in bacterial immunity
… Many anti-phage defense systems are found within mobile genetic elements, like plasmids, temperate bacteriophages, and integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs). In this thesis, I show how an ICE in the bacterium Bacillus subtilis, called ICEBs1, protects populations of cells from phage …
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Characterization of a bifunctional cell wall hydrolase in the mobile genetic element ICEBsJ
Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) are mobile genetic elements that are normally found stably integrated into bacterial chromosomes, but under certain situations can excise and transfer to a recipient cell through conjugation. ICEs contain a set of genes that encode the molecular machinery …
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Regulation of the mobile genetic element ICEBs1 by a conserved repressor and anti-repressor
The mobile genetic element ICEBs1 is an integrative and conjugative element (a conjugative transposon) found in the Bacillus subtilis chromosome. The SOS response and the RapI-Phrl sensory system activate ICEBsl gene expression, excision, and transfer by inactivating the ICEBsl repressor protein …
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Mobile genetic element contribution to the genome architecture of the human parasitic flatworm Schistosoma mansoni
… Its genome is repeat-rich, with transposable elements (TEs) comprising approximately 35% and Schistosoma-specific W elements (WEs) an additional 10%. Repetitive elements have a profound impact on host genomes, directly contributing to protein-coding genes via transposition in a process known …
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Specificity and benefits of an exclusion mechanism for a mobile genetic element in Bacillus subtilis
The horizontal transfer of mobile genetic elements, including Integrative and Conjugative Elements (ICEs), plays an essential role in bacterial evolution by helping to promote the spread of genes involved in antibiotic and heavy metal resistance, metabolism, symbiosis, and pathogenicity. Like …
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Effects of cell growth and a mobile genetic element on propagation of the phages SP16 and SP-beta in Bacillus subtilis
… effects of growth and an integrative conjugative element, ICEBs1, respectively. I found that B. subtilis strains are significantly more susceptible to SP16 infection early in the growth phase and less susceptible during exponential growth and as cells approach stationary phase. SP16 makes plaques …
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GENOMIC SURVEILLANCE AND RISK-BASED ASSESSMENT OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE TRANSMISSION ACROSS TROPICAL AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS
… genes (ARGs) by clinical significance, genetic mobility, and host pathogenicity. Analysis of 557 Escherichia coli and 189 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, alongside metagenome-assembled genomes, revealed three distinct ARG transmission trajectories defined by the integrity of the …
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Organization and dynamics of the bacteriophage Mu transpososome
Transposition of a linear mobile genetic element, such as the bacteriophage Mu, requires a set of spatially and temporally coordinated DNA phosphoryl transfer reactions to move the element from an existing DNA location to a new DNA site. The Mu transpososome, where the DNA cleavage and joining …
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Laboratory evolution and natural transformation in Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1
… experiment with ADP1 and characterized the genetic basis of competence loss. We found that mutations caused by the mobile genetic element IS1236 mediated loss of were a driving force for genetic instability in the strain. We also found that a previously uncharacterized filamentous phage …
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Mobile genetic elements in Coxiella burnetii: Friends, foes or just indifferent?
… Coxiella burnetii contains a large number of mobile genetic elements including two group I introns and an intervening sequence (IVS) that interrupt the 23S rRNA gene; an intein within dnaB (encoding replicative DNA helicase) and a homing endonuclease. The introns are self-splicing ribozymes …
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Mobile genetic elements in Coxiella burnetii: Friends, foes or just indifferent?
… Coxiella burnetii contains a large number of mobile genetic elements including two group I introns and an intervening sequence (IVS) that interrupt the 23S rRNA gene; an intein within dnaB (encoding replicative DNA helicase) and a homing endonuclease. The introns are self-splicing ribozymes …
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Tracking Antibiotic Resistance throughout Agroecosystems
… on the vegetable surfaces and specific ARG and mobile genetic element (plasmid) co-occurrences. These co-occurrences highlight which ARGs may be most critical for future antibiotic resistance dissemination research. It is imperative to employ multiple methods when measuring agricultural …
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Fluctuations and response in complex biological systems: Watching stochastic evolutionary and ecological pattern dynamics
… of transposons depends on orientation of the element, spatial location of the cell, and some heritable factors. In a follow-up experiment, I recently developed a model to explain our collaborators' observation that the number of retrotransposon transcripts, transcripts produced by a copy and …
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Bioinformatic Analysis of Wastewater Metagenomes Reveals Microbial Ecological and Evolutionary Phenomena Underlying Associations of Antibiotic Resistance with Antibiotic Use
… long or short reads alone. A novel database of mobile genetic element (MGE) marker genes, mobileOG-db, was compiled in order to address short-comings with pre-existing resources. A pipeline for detecting HGT in metagenomes, Kairos, was created in order to facilitate the detection of HGT in …
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Understanding microbial communities through horizontal gene transfer
… of a previously uncharacterised class of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) into SBW25. Further experiments demonstrated that the isolated MGEs enhance host fitness by providing defence against phage predators, and hijack jumbo bacteriophages for intercellular transfer. Together, this thesis …
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Mobile genetic elements as modulators of the human gut symbiont Bacteroides
Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) facilitate horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in all cellular hosts. In microbial systems, MGEs (e.g. phages, integrative and conjugative elements) are potent drivers of host evolution. Within hosts from the bacterial genus Bacteroides, one of the most common and abundant …
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Protein/DNA interactions during site-specific recombination
… colon. Many strains carry large, integrated elements including conjugative transposons (CTns) and mobilizable transposons (MTns). One such conjugative transposon is CTnDOT, which is 65 kb in size and encodes resistances to tetracycline and erythromycin. In recent years, CTnDOT has been …