Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 18 of 18 for “"Mitotic Chromosome"”.
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Probing Mitotic Chromosome Structure and Arrangement Using Micromanipulation
… muntjak), has the lowest known diploid chromosome number (seven in the male) for a mammal. Mitotic chromosomes can be removed from cells either by extraction with microneedles or by inducing chromosome expulsion with a drop of silicone oil applied to the cell. The entire diploid …
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Linker Histone Medicated Regulation of Mitotic Chromosome Compaction and Individualization
<p>Mitotic chromosomes are scaled to the cell size to ensure effective chromosome segregation. Recent studies have shown how condensins and DNA topoisomerase II organize the mitotic chromosome. However, the regulation of these factors in maintaining proper chromosome size in different cell types …
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Analyzing Sumo-2/3 Modification In Regulation Of Breast Cancer Progression And Mitotic Chromosome Segregation
<p>Roles of SUMOylation in cancer metastasis and mitotic progression has been elucidated in this thesis. This vital and dynamic post-translational modification has been known to be dysregulated in several kinds of cancer. Global SUMO-2/3 conjugation is upregulated in a mouse metastatic breast …
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Identification and Characterization of Hells-CDCA7, a Nucleosome Remodeling Complex Required for Mitotic Chromosome Structure
<p>The major components of mitotic chromosomes including histones, topoisomerase II and condensin are known to compact and shape the chromatin into rod-like chromatids. However, a complete picture of the proteins involved in shaping mitotic chromatin is unsettled. Here, I perform mass spectrometry …
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Physicochemical characterization of immortal strand DNA
… mutations. This laboratory has shown non-random chromosome segregation in murine fetal fibroblasts that model asymmetric self-renewal like ASCs. In these cells, chromosomes that contain the oldest DNA strands co-segregate to the cycling daughter stem-like cells, while chromosomes with more …
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinase regulation and function during meiosis
… requires a variety of modifications to the mitotic chromosome segregation machinery, which allow the reductional meiotic chromosome segregation program to occur. Oscillations in the activity of Cyclin- Dependent Kinases (CDKs) drive virtually every event in the mitotic cell cycle, including …
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Investigating the mitotic roles of Topoisomerase 2 Alpha and Topoisomerase 2 Beta-Binding Protein 1 in the maintenance of chromosome structure and genome stability
… repair and recombination, but also in chromosome compaction and segregation during mitosis. In vertebrates, two isoforms of type IIA topoisomerase exist: topoisomerase 2 alpha (TOP2A) and topoisomerase 2 beta (TOP2B). Most differences reside in the C-terminal regions, which are crucial …
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Mechanisms for maintaining genomic integrity during chromosome segregation in budding yeast
… organism's fitness and survival. Regulation of chromosome segregation requires complex surveillance mechanisms that vary for different loci within the genome. This thesis focuses on two complexes, monopolin (made up of Lrs4, Csml and Maml) and condensin, a protein complex required for chromosome …
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Changes in Kinetochore Structure and Molecular Composition in Response to Mis-attachment
Each mitotic chromosome is constituted by two sister chromatids whose correct segregation to the daughter cells is ensured by amphitelic attachment, in which the two sister kinetochores (KTs) are attached to microtubules (MTs) from opposite mitotic spindle poles. KT mis-attachments can occur in …
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Maintenance of Genomic Integrity by RSF1 Chromatin Remodeler
… vitro kinase assay 6 G. Cell fractionation 6 H. Chromosome spreading 7 I. Immunocytochemistry 7 J. Live cell imaging 7 III. RESULTS 9 A. RSF1 localizes at mitotic kinetochores and directly interacts with PLK1 9 B. RSF1 plays a crucial role in PLK1 deposition and activation at the mitotic …
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Regulation of microtubule attachment at the kinetochore and cell cortex
… function of complex organs, such as the brain. Mitotic chromosome segregation failures and the resulting DNA damage is also a hallmark of human cancers. There are multiple organelles that must work together to acheive a successful mitosis, including the chromosomes, kinetochores, centrosomes, …
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Mitotic Dynamics of Normally and Mis-attached Chromosomes and Post-mitotic Behavior of Missegregated Chromosomes
… to the two daughter cells is the major task of mitotic cells. The segregation is controlled by a complex system in the cell and relies mainly on the interaction between microtubules (MTs) of the mitotic spindle and kinetochores (KTs), specialized protein structures that assemble on each …
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Characterization of A Novel Role For The to usled- Like Kinase In Kinetochore Assembly and Function In Caenorhabditis Elegans
<p>Chromosome segregation is a critical step during cell division to avoid aneuploidy and promote proper organismal development. Correct sister chromatid positioning and separation during mitosis helps to achieve faithful transmission of genetic material to daughter cells. This prevents improper …
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The effect of spindle geometry on the establishment of merotelic kinetochore attachment and chromosome mis-segregation
… in the human body. To accurately segregate chromosomes, the cell forms the bipolar mitotic spindle, a molecular machine that distributes chromosomes equally to the daughter cells. To this end, microtubules of the mitotic spindle must appropriately attach the kinetochores: protein structures …
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Quantitative Analysis of the Structural Dynamics of Mitotic Chromosomes in Live Mammalian Cells
Chromatin, organized into individual chromosomes, is the physiological carrier of the genetic and epigenetic information in eukaryotes. In the nucleus of an intact cell, the structure of chromatin is dynamic and essential for genomic activities. The most dramatic changes in chromatin structure …
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Optimization of Cytogenetic and Physical mapping of Culicinae genomes
Understanding chromosome structure and genome organization of Culicine mosquitoes can potentially contribute to the development of novel approaches to vector control. However, because of highly repetitive nature of the Aedes and Culex genomes, the structure of their polytene chromosomes is damaged …
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Comparative Analysis of Heterochromatin in the Anopheles gambiae Complex
… for several processes such as cell viability, chromosome pairing, meiosis, longevity etc. It is therefore not surprising that heterochromatin comprises of a significant portion of the genome in many species. The efforts to analyze the genome of malaria mosquito in order to identify potential …