Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 23 for “"Mendelian randomization"”.
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Robust methods in Mendelian randomization
Mendelian randomization uses genetic variants as instrumental variables to estimate the causal effect of a risk factor on an outcome using observational data. If a genetic variant is included in a Mendelian randomization study that does not satisfy the instrumental variable assumptions then the …
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Next-Generation Mendelian Randomization: Advanced and Reliable Methods for Complex Causal Inference
Mendelian randomization is an epidemiological method that uses genetic variants as instrumental variables to study the causal effects of exposures on outcomes. Conventional MR is primarily implemented to test or estimate effects in relatively simple forms. However, to gain deeper insights into …
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Statistical Approaches to Estimate Bidirectional and Time-Varying Causal Effects Using Mendelian Randomization
<p>Mendelian Randomization (MR) is an epidemiological framework using genetic variants as instrumental variables (IVs) to examine the causal effect of an exposure on an outcome. It is widely used to detect causal factors of diseases and provide insight into the biological pathway of diseases. …
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Statistical issues in Mendelian randomization: use of genetic instrumental variables for assessing causal associations
Mendelian randomization is an epidemiological method for using genetic variation to estimate the causal effect of the change in a modifiable phenotype on an outcome from observational data. A genetic variant satisfying the assumptions of an instrumental variable for the phenotype of interest can be …
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Genetic Variations in Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: A Focus on Gene-Lifestyle Interactions and Mendelian Randomization
… Similar results were obtained in multivariable Mendelian randomization analyses using MDCS (P = 0.008) and genome-wide association studies data (P = 5×10-7). Using similar analyses, a direct causal association was observed between LDLC and CHD. In conclusion, this thesis provides important …
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Inflammatory Biomarkers, Genetics, and Survival among Colorectal Cancer Patients
… average exposure to chronic inflammation. Mendelian randomization utilizes inherited germline genetic markers known to be associated with CRP as non-modifiable markers of long-term susceptibility to chronic inflammation. It can minimize confounding and reverse causation that has hampered …
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PHARMACOGENOMICS OF OPIOID RESPONSE IN EUROPEAN ADVANCED CANCER PATIENTS
… score regression (sLDSC). Finally, Mendelian randomization, using our pain intensity GWAS datasets, was performed to investigate causal relationships between putative pain risk factors, such as inflammation, sleep alteration, and psychiatric conditions, and cancer pain intensity. …
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Identifying Observational and Causal Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases through Large-scale Cohorts
… and coronary heart disease (CHD). To perform Mendelian randomization (MR) using transcriptomic and proteomic data on CHD. To develop race- and sex- specific risk prediction models for subtypes of heart failure. Results Observational risk factor profiles for subarachnoid hemorrhage and …
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INVESTIGATING THE CAUSAL ROLE OF VITAMIN D AND OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS IN LUNG HEALTH
… vitamin D levels and COVID-19. We conducted a Mendelian Randomization (MR) study of genetic variants associated with vitamin D nutritional status and COVID-19 susceptibility and severity, including severe respiratory infection and hospitalization. We found no evidence for a causal effect of …
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The Relationship between Cardiometabolic Disorders and Schizophrenia: From Early-Life Origins to the Development of a Cardiometabolic Risk Prediction Algorithm for Young People with Psychosis
… and inflammatory traits. Finally, using Mendelian randomization, I show evidence supporting that inflammation may be a common cause for insulin resistance and schizophrenia. On the prediction of cardiometabolic risk in young adults with psychosis, I performed a systematic review of …
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Genetic epidemiology of markers of genomic ageing
… genome-wide meta-analysis, two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR), and prospective observational case-cohort analysis methods were used to (1) identify novel genetic determinants of LTL, (2) investigate causal associations of genetic differences in LTL with disease, (3) review the …
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The relationship between reduced renal function and cardiovascular disease
… risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) using a Mendelian Randomization approach. In study 4 we related common genetic variance of a renal sodium channel (ENaC) remover/regulator (NEDD4L) to the 6-month blood pressure lowering effect and risk of CVD in patients treated with β-blockers and/or …
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Investigation into the causal effect of iron metabolism on cardiovascular disease
… of other iron markers with stroke. Results of a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using established genetic variants associated with serum iron, ferritin, transferrin and TS in published genetic association studies, suggested a non-significant inverse association of iron status with risk of …
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Investigation of the Shared Genetic Influences on Bipolar Disorder, Borderline Personality Disorder and Regional Brain Structures
… correlations between BD, BPD and brain regions. Mendelian randomization was used to test for causal associations between BD, BPD and each brain region, respectively. Results: There was evidence of significant pleiotropy and positive concordance between BD and BPD (ppleiotropy=5x10-4; …
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Novel Statistical Methods for Mediation Analysis with High-dimensional Omics Mediators
… and financial resources. Finally, a multivariate Mendelian randomization (MR) framework is introduced for estimating R-squared-based causal mediation effects in high-dimensional multi-omics settings. This method leverages expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) as instrumental variables to …
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The roles of modifiable risk factor and immunoglobulin G N-glycome in the risk of hearing loss
… and hearing loss. Study III. In the two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) framework, both univariable and multivariable MR analyses were used to examine the potential causal roles of major modifiable risk factors on the risk of hearing loss by using the summary-level statistics obtained from …
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Aetiological role of early lifestyle exposures in puberty timing
… puberty timing in girls, but not in boys. In Mendelian Randomization (MR) analyses, higher genetically predicted circulating dihomo-γ-linolenic acid but not palmitoleic acid was associated with earlier menarche in girls. Finally, I tested the associations between accelerometer-measured …
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Examining Causal Determinants of Childhood Obesity and Pubertal Timing
… on pubertal timing in both girls and boys. Using Mendelian randomization (MR) techniques, I examined factors such as birthweight, height and adiposity at age 10, and sedentary behaviours. Higher birthweight conferred later pubertal timing in both sexes, while greater childhood height and adiposity …
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Genetic Determinants of Obesity in Relation to Diet, Weight Gain and Mortality
… age. In paper V, observations from multivariable Mendelian randomization analyses suggest a direct causal association of TG (P=0.017 and P=0.028) and an inverse association of HDLC (P=0.049 and P=0.005) with total- and cardiovascular mortality, respectively. In conclusion, the results from this …
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Imaging genetics evidence for the neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia
… causal pathways. We conducted bi-directional Mendelian randomization (MR) on a total subset of 103 regional MRI phenotypes measured using NDI, SA or CT. We report significant causal effects between lower thalamic NDI and increased risk of schizophrenia, and between higher SA of the posterior …
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