Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 21 for “"Medical imaging and radiology"”.
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Factors Associated with Prenatal Ultrasound Utilization
Background and objectives Ultrasound is commonly used in pregnancy and serves a very important purpose in maternal and fetal screening and diagnosis. However, when not medically necessary it may have an economic impact and may lead to unnecessary interventions. The purpose of this dissertation was …
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On-board Robotic Multi-pinhole SPECT System for Region-of-interest (ROI) Imaging
… image guidance, such as cone-beam CT (CBCT) and kV/MV 2D imaging, is essential in many radiation therapy procedures, such as intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). These imaging techniques provide predominantly anatomical information for …
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Spatially Selective 2D RF Inner Field of View (iFOV) Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging (DKI) of the Pediatric Spinal Cord
Magnetic resonance based diffusion imaging has been gaining more utility and clinical relevance over the past decade. Using conventional echo planar techniques it is possible to acquire and characterize water diffusion within the central nervous system (CNS); namely in the form of Diffusion …
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Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MR Microscopy: Functional Imaging in Preclinical Models of Cancer
… (DCE) MRI has been widely used as a quantitative imaging method for monitoring tumor response to therapy. The pharmacokinetic parameters derived from this technique have been used in more than 100 phase I trials and investigator led studies. The simultaneous challenges of increasing the temporal …
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Investigating neuromodulation with theta burst stimulation to primary visual cortex and subsequent effects on resting state networks: A multi-echo fMRI study
… The majority of TBS research has targeted motor and non-motor frontal areas of the brain, and to date very few studies have examined its efficacy at visual areas. In a sham-controlled study we investigated the immediate poststimulation and short-term (1 h post-stimulation) effects of iTBS and …
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Machine Learning and its Application in Automatic Change Detection in Medical Images
… such as image surveillance, remote sensing, medical imaging, etc. The challenge of change detection in medical images is to detect disease-related changes while rejecting changes caused by noise, patient position change, and imaging acquisition artifacts such as field inhomogeneity. In this …
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Comparing Measured and Theoretical Target Registration Error of an Optical Tracking System
… to attach a tracking marker to the tool tip) and must be calculated using the measured location and orientation of the tracking target. Any measurement error in the tracking system will cause the calculated position of the tool tip to change as the target is moved; the spread of the calculated …
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Functional MRI Activation of Inhibitory Control in Adolescents and Young Adults with Multiple Sclerosis
… superior parietal lobe, precentral gyrus and superior frontal gyrus. Cognitively intact pediatric-onset MS patients show less brain activation than controls when inhibiting a simple motor response despite no differences in behavioural performance. Functional differences were observed in …
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Characterization of metal artifacts in diffusion tensor imaging for spinal cord applications
Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique used to measure in-vivo anisotropic water diffusion. This can give useful information regarding white matter integrity and has the potential to provide important biomarkers in spinal cord injury. One of the largest …
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Three-dimensional Surface Changes in the Mandible during Growth and Development
Three-dimensional analysis of mandibular growth provides the potential for pedodontists, orthodontists and surgeons to prescribe treatment that works in harmony with the individual growth of the patient. Despite efforts by 3D pioneers, the visualization of growth and development remains reminiscent …
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Translational Imaging of Pulmonary Gas-Exchange Using Hyperpolarized 129Xe Magnetic Resonance Imaging
<p>The diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary diseases still rely on pulmonary function tests that offer archaic or insensitive biomarkers of lung structure and function. As a consequence, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is the third leading cause of death in the US, and the hospitalization …
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High-Speed Photoacoustic Microscopy In Vivo
… capable of high-speed, high-resolution 3D imaging in vivo. PAM combines the advantages of optical absorption contrast and ultrasonic resolution for deep imaging beyond the quasi-ballistic regime. Its high sensitivity to optical absorption enables the imaging of important physiological …
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High-Resolution Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Human Brain Connectivity
<p>Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has emerged as a unique method to characterize brain tissue microstructure non-invasively. DTI typically provides the ability to study white matter structure with a standard voxel resolution of 8μL over imaging field-of-views of the extent of the human brain. As …
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Diffusion Tensor Imaging Biomarkers of Brain Development and Disease
<p>Understanding the structure of the brain has been a major goal of neuroscience research over the past century, driven in part by the understanding that brain structure closely follows function. Normative brain maps, or atlases, can be used to understand normal brain structure, and to identify …
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Enhanced Vasculature Imaging of the Retina Using Optical Coherence Tomography
… coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging modality that uses low coherence interferometry to generate three-dimensional datasets of a sample's structure. OCT has found tremendous clinical applications in imaging the retina and has demonstrated great utility in the diagnosis of …
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Delivery of Myoglobin Polymersomes Results in Tumor Hemorrhagic Necrosis and Enhanced Radiation Response
… worse prognosis due to aggressive phenotypes and resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The overall goal of this work is to improve response to conventional cancer therapies by targeting tumor hypoxia. This has been carried out and evaluated through the use of polymersome-encapsulated …
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Identifying Vulnerable Plaques with Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Imaging
… stroke, the fourth leading cause of death and number one cause of long term disability in the United States. Unfortunately, because conventional diagnostic tools fail to identify plaques that confer the highest risk, often a disabling stroke and/or sudden death is the first sign of disease. …
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Optimization of Image Guided Radiation Therapy for Lung Cancer Using Limited-angle Projections
<p>The developments of highly conformal and precise radiation therapy techniques promote the necessity of more accurate treatment target localization and tracking. On-board imaging techniques, especially the x-ray based techniques, have found a great popularity nowadays for on-board target …
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Photoacoustic Reporter Gene Imaging And Optical Coherence Computed Tomography
Advances in imaging technologies have always been the major driving forces for the evolution of biomedical research. Compared with other modalities, optical imaging possesses several prominent merits. Because light interacts with tissue at the microscopic level through many distinct physical …
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Pathological and Biomedical Characteristics of Spinal Cord Injury Determined Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging
… that often causes the victim permanent paralysis and undergo a lifetime of therapy and care. It is caused by a mechanical impact that ultimately causes pathophysiological consequences which at this moment in time are an unresolved scientific challenge of great social impact. Scientists have long …
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