Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 49 for “"Medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)"”.
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Medial Prefrontal Cortex fNIRS Activity while Viewing Nature and Urban Scenes: The Search for Neurological Evidence of Nature's Transcendent Self-Diminishment Effect
… spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure activity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) which is related to the self-concept. Participants were shown 12 images divided into four blocks separated by image types. Six were entirely natural scenes (three pleasant and three unpleasant), and six were entirely …
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Adversity in early adolescence alters female rats' anxiety-related behaviours and serotonergic innervation profiles in adulthood
… for the serotonin transporter (SERT) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and ventral hippocampus. Administration of IPS (i.e., water immersion, elevated platform, foot shock) in early adolescence increased rats’ anxiety-like behaviour in the elevated plus-maze but had no effects in the …
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Profiling hotspots of DNA breaks and learning-induced gene expression in the mouse brain
… We found that neuronal loss of Top2b in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) impairs both the expression of long genes and gene induction following exposure to a learning paradigm. Ultimately, loss of Top2b leads to abnormal learning and cognition.
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Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex: Role in Cocaine Sensitization and Addiction
… of pyramidal projection neurons within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Such hyperexcitability presumably results in increased glutamatergic input to reward-affiliated brain regions such as the ventral tegemental area (VTA) and nucleus accumbens (NAc), consequently facilitating …
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A Quantitative Neural Biomarker for Rejection Estimation: A Neuroeconomic Approach for Evaluating Theory of Mind
… network regions implicated in TOM, including the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and the temporal parietal junction (TPJ). In addition to these regions, additional areas, including the caudate and insula, were also active during mentalizing components of the task. Collectively, results suggest a …
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Binge Alcohol Effects on the Prefrontal Cortex
… by binge alcohol consumption is the frontal cortex, an area important for many functions and decision making of daily life. Loss of prefrontal grey matter resulting from heavy alcohol consumption has been documented, however this volume loss does not appear to be caused by a decrease in the …
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Vulnerability to cognitive, neurotoxic and neuroinflammatory effects of toxins that induce Parkinson's disease after administration of amphetamine-related drugs in mice
… limbic and cortical areas, as hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), was assessed. Degeneration of dopaminergic neurons by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemistry in SNc and striatum was also evaluated. Neurochemical evaluations were paired with assessment of cognitive …
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Wandering minds, restless brains and mindful thinking : a network-based perspective
… in relation to connectivity between the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The DLPFC is a major component of the executive control network that increased in activation during tasks involving working memory and mental control. Young adults exhibit …
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The medial prefrontal cortex and the dorsomedial striatum are necessary for working memory in rats: role of NMDA receptors
… for complex cognition. The human frontal cortex and striatum are involved with working memory; however, the mechanisms through which these structures contribute to working memory are incompletely understood. Given the similarities between cortical and striatal areas in the human and rodent …
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Exploring the Behavioural Effects of Compound-21 Using Novel Object Recognition and Object in Place Tests in Long Evans Rats
… butyric acid (GABA)ergic interneurons of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) would impair associative memory as measured by OiP. I showed that C21 did not affect either sex in NOR, or females in OiP. Male rats failed to exhibit robust discrimination in OiP following either control or C21 …
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Interactions Between Medical Prefrontal Cortex, Orbitofrontal Cortex and Motor Cortex in Value-based Decision Making
… investigated how different sub-regions of rodent prefrontal cortex contribute to value-based decision making, by comparing neural signals related to animal’s choice, its outcome, and action value in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of rats performing a dynamic …
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Effects of bisphenol A exposure during early development on behavior and anatomy of the prefrontal cortex in adult male and female rats
… development, cognitive behavior, and anatomy of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in adulthood. Long-Evans hooded rats were orally exposed to corn oil (vehicle), 4µg/kg, 40µg/kg, or 400µg/kg throughout pregnancy and during the early postnatal period. Measures of general growth and development, such …
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Interrogating the infant mind with fMRI
… Previous fMRI studies of higher-level visual cortex in awake infants observed preferential responses to faces [5,6] and scenes [5]. In Chapter 3 I show that with increased power, we can detect infants’ (2-9 months) face-selective responses in the fusiform face area (FFA), scene-selective …
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Dopaminergic modulation of prefrontal cortex subpopulations
Despite abundant evidence that dopamine modulates medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) activity to mediate diverse behavioral functions, the precise circuit computations remain elusive. One potentially unifying theoretical model by which dopamine can modulate functions from working memory to …
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Neural Mechanisms Promoting Biased Social Memories in Intergenerational Childhood Abuse
… putamen, amygdala, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) appeared to potentiate the link between childhood abuse and harsh parenting, whereas heightened sensitivity in these regions to positive feedback appeared …
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Cerebellar Coordination of Neuronal and Behavioral Rhythms
… cerebellar interactions with the cerebral cortex. Recent studies suggest that the cerebellum monitors, and possibly coordinates, the precise phase alignment or coherence of neuronal oscillations in cerebral cortical areas. Here, we asked how loss of cerebellar function affects respiratory …
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Pharmacological fMRI on the effects of Fluoxetine on functions of Working Memory, Impulsiveness and Cognitive Flexibility in boys with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and boys with Autism Spectrum Disorder
… shared underactivation in right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). ASD boys showed disorder-specific deactivation of posterior cingulate (PCC). Under Fluoxetine, DLPFC underactivation in ASD was significantly normalised and PCC deactivation was increased in ADHD, relative to controls. …
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Impact of Acute Ethanol Injections on Medial Prefrontal Cortex Neural Activity
The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is a cortical brain region involved in the evaluation and selection of motivationally relevant outcomes. mPFC-mediated cognitive functions are impaired following acute alcohol exposure. In rodent models, ethanol (EtOH) doses as low as 0.75 g/kg yield deficits in …
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Neurofunctional Characterization of the At-Risk Mental State for Psychosis
… ventral tegmental area (VTA) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) responses to reward anticipation. In the hippocampus-dependent learning task, at-risk individuals showed deficits in hippocampus-dependent memory, decreased VTA engagement, and increased DLPFC activation during learning of …
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The Role of Glutamate in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex in the Acquistion and Expression of Conditioned Approach
… in the dorsal and ventral regions of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in both the acquisition and expression of reward-related learning using a Pavlovian conditioning paradigm, the conditioned-approach paradigm. Rats with surgically implanted cannulas were exposed to Pavlovian …
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