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Showing 1 to 20 of 45 for “"Maternal effects"”.
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Hormonally mediated maternal effects in birds
… main aim of this thesis was to investigate the effects of environmental conditions, particularly unpredictable or potentially negative ones, on the maternal transmission of the primary avian stress hormone, corticosterone, to developing embryos. We currently lack information on the extent to …
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Maternal Effects on Brood Reduction in Common Grackles
… my dissertation research was to investigate how maternal effects influence offspring productivity in common grackles ( Quiscalus quiscula). Maternal effects are largely considered adaptive, but my research provides little supporting evidence because few of the maternal effects I assessed were …
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Ornamentation, Behavior, and Maternal Effects in the Female Northern Cardinal
… the relationship between ornamentation, maternal effects, and behavior in the female Northern Cardinal (<em>Cardinalis cardinalis</em>). Female birds possess ornaments that indicate a number of important known aspects of quality and are usually costly to maintain. However, the extent to …
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Quantifying Environmental Maternal Effects in the Invasive Plant, Silene Latifolia
… of her offspring - these are environmental maternal effects (EME). For example, if a mother experiences a high quality environment, her offspring may respond with enhanced growth. We expect natural variation in habitat quality to lead to high levels of EME since mothers will vary in the …
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MATERNAL EFFECTS AND SEXUAL SELECTION IN THE HELICONIA BUG, LEPTOSCELIS TRICOLOR (HEMIPTERA: COREIDAE)
… by organisms can have significant phenotypic effects that persist throughout life. Parents, mothers in particular, commonly determine these early environments. Maternal effects, or the influence of maternal phenotypes on offspring phenotypes, are therefore likely ubiquitous in natural …
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MATERNAL EFFECTS AND SEXUAL SELECTION IN THE HELICONIA BUG, LEPTOSCELIS TRICOLOR (HEMIPTERA: COREIDAE)
… by organisms can have significant phenotypic effects that persist throughout life. Parents, mothers in particular, commonly determine these early environments. Maternal effects, or the influence of maternal phenotypes on offspring phenotypes, are therefore likely ubiquitous in natural …
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Genetic Interpretation of Heterosis and Maternal Effects in Reproduction and Growth of Swine
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-05T17:47:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 0025273.pdf: 4323061 bytes, checksum: 47867adb64e999f715771baae494b468 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1957
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The neuroendocrine and molecular mechanisms underlying stress-induced maternal effects in the threespine stickleback
Non-genetic maternal effects occur when offspring phenotype is influenced non-genetically by a mother’s phenotype. Exposure of mothers to external stressors, for example, can influence the expression of a wide array of offspring traits essential for survival, including growth, morphology, and …
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Maternal Effects on Embryonic and Placental Growth and the Penetrance of the Luxate Gene in Mice.
Preaxial polydactyly is one of the most frequent limb anomalies in man, and sporadically occurs in poultry, pigeons, and in the hindlimbs of cats, dogs, mice and guinea pigs (Carter, 1954). Polydactyly is detectable by the stage of footplate morphogenesis, but it is inducible before hind-limb bud …
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Dam type: maternal effects upon dam reproductive performance, calf mortality to weaning and preweaning growth parameters
… to dam type, as well as individual dam breed effects. Three-breed cross cows were evaluated for both maternal sire and grandsire effects. Pregnancy rates were similar among the three cow types, but 3X dams produced the highest weaning rates, due to lower death losses. Weaning weights of 2X and …
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Maternal Effects and Offspring Behavior: Potential Contributors to the Lack of Recruitment in Mississippi Gopher Tortoises (<i>Gopherus polyphemus</i>)
<p>Federally threatened in Mississippi, gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) populations within the state have strongly variable recruitment and are generally in decline. Hatching success is significantly lower in Mississippi than in any other part of the species’ range , and most hatchlings die …
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Estimation and prediction problems in mixed linear models for maternal genetic effects
… of dispersion parameters in a sire plus maternal grandsire model (S-M) with respect to estimated bias (EB) and estimated mean squared error (EMSE) when the data are affected by selection, (2) to estimate direct and maternal (co)variance components (CVC) using an animal model (MAM) and …
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Social and Ecological Influences on Maternal and Infant Outcomes in Rwenzori Angolan Colobus Monkeys
… can be strongly influenced by its mother (‘maternal effects’). Maternal effects are particularly salient in mammals, as mothers continue to nourish their offspring postnatally through lactation. To best understand the drivers of variation in early-life growth and development, it is essential …
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Adapting to salinity: The effects of salinity on population structure and offspring survival in Lucania parva
… and L. parva suggest that salinity has dramatic effects on life-history, ecology, physiology, and genetic differentiation at the between-species level. Upon salinity transfer, the two species differ in gene expression in critical osmoregulatory genes. An examination of FST outliers suggests that …
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Landscape and Mechanistic Approaches to Describing Milkweed Habitat and Drought Tolerance and the Implications for Western Monarch Butterflies
… presence. Additionally, we theorized that maternal effects could play an important role in milkweed's ability to adapt to drought stress. To test this, we grew narrowleaf milkweed from a lineage previously exposed to varying grandmaternal climatic conditions and maternal drought …
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Genetic architecture of reproductive and growth traits in laboratory mice
… importance of additive, dominance, epistatic, maternal and sex-linkage effects for reproduction and growth traits in mice. Two selected lines of mice, extremes in phenotype for gain from 21 to 42 days of age, were used in a triple test cross design. The high line had completed 24 generations of …
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Inbreeding Depression in the Partially Selfing Perennial, Ruellia Humilis
… offspring than in outcrossed offspring. No maternal effects on the magnitude of inbreeding depression were detected, and outcrossed offspring were consistently more variable than selfed offspring, suggesting that inbreeding depression is due to many alleles of small effect. These results …
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