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Showing 1 to 20 of 132 for “"Lumbar spine"”.
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Generalizable Methods for Modeling Lumbar Spine Kinematics
<p>A more complete understanding of lumbar spine kinematics could improve diagnoses and treatment of low back pathologies and may advance the development of biomechanical models. Kinematics describes motion of the five lumbar vertebrae without consideration for the forces that cause the motion. …
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Explicit Finite Element Modeling of the Human Lumbar Spine
… models of the functional spinal unit (FSU) and lumbar spine are essential in design-phase device development and in assessing the mechanics associated with normal spine function and degenerative disc disease (DDD), as well as the impact of fusion and total disc replacement (TDR). Although …
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Biomechanically Constrained Ultrasound to Computed Tomography Registration of the Lumbar Spine
… The use of US for image guided navigation of the spine would greatly reduce the exposure of both the patient and the physician to ionizing radiation and allow the procedure to be performed outside of a specialized facility. However, US as the sole guidance modality has its own challenges. In …
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Analysis of Lumbar Spine Kinematics during Trunk Flexion and Extension Motions
… of physical performance and rehabilitation of lumbar spine. A variety of exercises have been used to reduce back pain or spinal degeneration. However, there are no studies to determine effects of exercise on lumbar spine kinematics, including lumbar-pelvic coordination and instantaneous axis of …
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The effect of mobilisation on pressure pain thresholds in the lumbar spine
… investigation into its effect on pain in the lumbar region. The aim of this study is to determine the immediate effects of mobilisation on pressure pain thresholds (PPT) in the lumbar spine in an asymptomatic population. Analysis of pre and post intervention PPT values showed that there was …
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Loading and recovery behavior of the human lumbar spine under static flexion
… the knee, shoulder, elbow, ankle joints, and spine. This reflex activity decreases over time when static loading is applied, which leads to joint instability and decreased safety of the spine. However, the recovery process of this reflexive muscle activity to its original state is a …
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Analysis of Entry Point of Pedicle Screw Placement in the Lumbar Spine
… articular process. But the combined posterior lumbar interbody fusion(PLIF) do not need to expose the transverse process. Before clinical application, the author studied the insertion point using 5 cadaveric dried lumbar vertebral bodies (50 points). The anatomic landmark was used as the …
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In vivo lumbar spine biomechanics : vertebral kinematics, intervertebral disc deformation, and disc loads
Knowledge of lumbar spine biomechanics in living human subjects is fundamental for understanding mechanisms of spinal injury and pathology, for improvement of corresponding clinical treatments, and for design of spinal prosthesis. However, due to the complicated spine anatomy and loading conditions …
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A Kinematics-Based Testing Protocol to Study the Mechanics of the Human Lumbar Spine
… moment properties of the human cadaveric lumbar motion segment unit (MSU) in response to specific kinematic inputs. Modern, non-fusion spinal devices claim to treat degenerative disc disease better than traditional fusion surgery. Though there have been many biomechanical studies completed …
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Finite Element and Probabilistic Analysis of Soft Tissue Structures of the Human Lumbar Spine
<p>Human lumbar spine mechanics are influenced by soft tissue structures. Understanding and properly modeling these structures can help determine pathology, treatment, and implant design and performance. Finite element models of the L4-L5 level of the lumbar spine are often used, which include a …
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The effect of manipulation on pressure pain thresholds in the lumbar spine in asymptomatic participants
… on pressure pain thresholds (PPT) in the lumbar spine in an asymptomatic population. Sixty-four asymptomatic participants (45 female, 19 male, aged 18-39) were recruited from an osteopathic student population. Participants were screened by palpation for the lumbar spinous process most …
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Design and Development of a Novel Expanding Pedicle Screw for Use in the Osteoporotic Lumbar Spine
… do not provide adequate fixation in osteoporotic spines. The objective of this thesis was to develop a novel expanding screw for use in osteoporotic lumbar pedicles. Helical screws capable of expanding post insertion were built on a rapid prototype machine. A materials testing machine performed …
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Influence of Prolonged Sitting and Psychosocial Stress on Lumbar Spine Kinematics, Kinetics, Discomfort, and Muscle Fatigue
… of task requirements on muscle fatigue and spine loading. Therefore, the main objectives of this work were, in the context of sitting, to: 1) develop and evaluate a method to assess paraspinal muscle fatigue using electrical stimulation; 2) develop and evaluate a method (model) to quantify …
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Comparison of Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Angles and Transient Between Standing and Supine Neutral Axial Twisted Positions
… the goal of this study was to quantify spine kinematics in neutral and axial twist postures between standing and supine positions, and to quantify and characterize transient pain development during a prolonged supine axial twist protocol. Kinematics, muscle activation, self-reported pain …
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The effect of osteopathic manipulative therapy applied to the lumbar spine on postural stability: a pilot study
Lumbar spine dysfunction has been shown to decrease postural stability. It has been hypothesized that applying manual therapy to the lumbar spine may have an effect on improving postural stability. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of an osteopathic manipulative therapy (OMT) …
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Optimization of Pedicle Screw Depth in the Lumbar Spine: Biomechanical Characterization of Screw Stability and Pullout Strength
… understanding of the biomechanical strength of lumbar pedicle screw fixation as it relates to screw sizing and placement. Biomechanical analyses examining ideal pedicle screw depth with current pedicle screw technology are limited. In the osteoporotic spine, optimized pedicle screw insertion …
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Multiscale modeling of the lumbar spine to investigate tissue-level load transfer during activities of daily living
… who experience more extreme repetitive spine kinematics is often attributed to biomechanical factors. Repetitive loading of the spine during lumbar movements produces damage in innervated elements known to be sources of pain, with examples including: vertebral body fractures, …
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COMPARATIVE BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF SURGICAL FIXATION TECHNIQUES WITHIN THE PROXIMAL TIBIA AND FUSION TECHNIQUES WITHIN THE LUMBAR SPINE
Novel or augmented orthopedic surgical techniques have the potential to improve patient care and outcomes, but their efficacy is often difficult to quantify. Establishing biomechanical models of physiological trauma and repair within orthopedic load bearing tissues in cadaveric samples provides an …
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Inter- and intra-examiner reliability of lumbar spine radiograph analysis by chiropractors and its impact on clinical management
Submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master’s Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2017.
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The effect of a single application of muscle energy technique on pressure pain thresholds in the lumbar spine
… on pain reduction, particularly in the lumbar region. The aim of this study was to investigate the immediate effect of a single application of MET on pressure pain thresholds (PPT) in the lumbar spine in an asymptomatic population. Fifty-nine asymptomatic volunteers (40 female, 19 male) …
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