Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 20 for “"Lower respiratory tract infection"”.
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Lower respiratory tract infection in sudden unexpected infant deaths
Pneumonia due to polymicrobial infection is known to increase the severity and risk of fatality among young children. A retrospective study was undertaken on Sudden Unexpected Infant Death cases occurring, between 1 May and 30 September 2009, which were admitted to a medico-legal mortuary servicing …
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Acute lower respiratory tract infection in infancy: a seven year follow-up study
Seven years after hospitalisation for acute lower respiratory tract infection in infancy, 200 children and their case -controls were assessed for respiratory status and epidemiological characteristics. The index group comprised 100 cases where respiratory syncytial virus had been responsible for …
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Molecular Diagnosis of Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit
… of broad-spectrum antimicrobials. For severe infections, paediatricians must prescribe antimicrobial therapy urgently; however, this limits the performance of microbiological culture tests to determine the presence of bacterial infection. In this thesis, I explored this problem, and potential …
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Temporal interactions of microbiota in longitudinal nasopharyngeal samples and association with lower respiratory tract infection
During aetiology of respiratory illnesses, it is widely accepted that infection is preceded by nasopharyngeal (NP) colonisation with bacteria and that NP flora develop early in childhood (during the first year of life). The presence of multiple NP bacteria results in competitive and synergistic …
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RSV infection in children hospitalised with severe lower respiratory tract infection at the Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital (2012-2013)
… countries carry the largest burden of Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease, with most deaths occurring in these settings. This study aimed to investigate the burden of RSV disease in South African children hospitalised with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), with specific …
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The yield of nasopharyngeal bacteria from culture compared to polymerase chain reaction in South African children with lower respiratory tract infection
Background Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 years of age. Bacterial pathogens contribute significantly to this process. Culture of respiratory tract specimens is labour-intensive and slow. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is …
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The burden of human coronavirus infection in children hospitalized with severe lower respiratory tract infection in Cape Town, South Africa (2012-2013)
… 2013 from children aged < 13 years with lower respiratory illness at Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital. Respiratory samples including a nasopharyngeal swab (NP) and induced sputum (IS) were taken and tested for the four strains of coronaviruses using FTD33 multiplex realtime PCR. …
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Clinical features and outcome of patients with severe lower respiratory tract infection admitted to a Paediatric Intensive Care Unit in the Western Cape, South Africa
Objective: Acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI) remains an important cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in low and middle income countries (LMIC). This study aims to describe the clinical features of children admitted to a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) with severe ALRTI …
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An investigation in the seasonal patterns of bacterial colonisation in childhood pneumonia
… up to one year of life. It is hypothesised that respiratory bacterial carriage is considerably influenced by age and seasonality. Based on previously collected time-series data from the Drakenstein Child Health Study conducted in Paarl, South Africa, this study focuses on exploring the effects of …
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Epidemiology of pertussis in children hospitalised with respiratory tract infection
… setting in infants and children with severe lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). Given the paucity of data in LMICs, the thesis starts by systematically searching for existing data that will give some indication of the possible extent of the pertussis problem in these countries. …
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Multi-state models for the analysis of Wheeze in a birth cohort of Western Cape children
… states (never wheeze, wheeze not associated with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), and, lower respiratory tract infection associated wheeze) were constructed. The multi-state model allowed four possible transitions: 1) from “never wheeze” to “wheeze not associated with LRTI” or from 2) …
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Utility of the biofire filmarray pneumonia panel plus assay for syndromic testing of lower-respiratory tract infections in a low-middle-income setting
Background: Determining lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) aetiology is complex. Culture-based methods are laborious with poor sensitivity. Molecular assays improve detection of potential pathogens, but incorrect interpretation of results may lead to inappropriate antimicrobial therapy. …
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Longitudinal assessment of cystic fibrosis pulmonary diseaseusing clinical, biochemical and emerging microbiological techniques
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) causes chronic lower respiratory tract infection leading to morbidity and mortality. CF Pulmonary Exacerbations (CFPEs) cause accentuated symptoms and increase mortality. The definition and aetiology of CFPEs has however proved elusive. Recently, culture independent techniques …
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Modelling longitudinal data on respiratory infections to inform health policy
… use of statistical models to quantify burden of respiratory disease and evaluate effectiveness of public health interventions, while accounting for the challenges posed by surveillance data. The observational nature of the available information, affected by confounding, makes causal statements …
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The validation of a screening tool for the identification of dysphagia in the paediatric population with HIV/AIDS
… of life, and risk of aspiration which may cause respiratory complications and permanent lung damage. Currently, no validated screening measures exist for the identification of FSD in infants and children with HIV/AIDS. Early identification and appropriate management of dysphagia is essential to …
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Adverse impact of hospitalisation on infant breastfeeding practices: a prospective cohort study
… IQR 1.0-3.2; 34% preterm) were admitted for lower respiratory tract infection (59%) or diarrhoea (14%). EBF at admission was associated with younger infant age (per month increase, aOR 0.18, 95% CI 0.07-0.43); none of the children admitted for diarrhoea had been EBF. A second in-hospital …
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Epidemiology of pertussis in children hospitalised with respiratory tract infection
… setting in infants and children with severe lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). Given the paucity of data in LMICs, the thesis started by systematically searching for existing data that will give some indication of the possible extent of the pertussis problem in these countries. …
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Investigating associations between maternal mental health on wheeze through two years of age in a South African birth cohort study
Background: Wheezing is one of the most common respiratory illnesses in children worldwide. Severe wheeze can result in significant morbidity, caregiver burden and increased health care costs. In addition, early childhood wheeze may be associated with reduced lung function, diminished airway …
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T Cell Responsiveness Through the Ages: Functional Diversity of Age-Dependent Antiviral Responses
… T cell subsets in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (pARDS), γδ T cells in murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV), and multiple immune mediators and cell populations in adult severe influenza infection. Single-cell RNA sequencing of tracheal aspirate cells from pediatric subjects …
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Elucidation of the roles of PTN and ISG15 in RSV cytopathogenesis: possible biomarkers of severe disease?
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the most common cause of severe lower respiratory tract infection in infants under two years old. Sparking seasonal epidemics, RSV contributes to around 20,000 admissions to hospital in the UK annually and many require intensive care support. Peak …