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Showing 1 to 14 of 14 for “"London Clay"”.
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Long-term behaviour of twin tunnels in London clay
… Permeability tests are performed on fissured London Clay, exploring the effect of isotropic stress cycles on the permeability of fissures. A model explaining the permeability–stress relationship is proposed to explain irrecoverable changes observed in fissure permeability, and is formulated …
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Application of new observational method on deep excavation retaining wall design in London Clay
… retaining wall design for deep excavation in London Clay through the observational method, without compromising safety. Despite the inherent benefits of the method and its acceptance by design codes, the application of the observational method for excavation design has been slow and …
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The behaviour of clay in simple shear and triaxial tests
… and undisturbed samples of Cowden till and London clay, undrained triaxial tests on reconstituted arid undisturbed London clay and stress probing tests on undisturbed London clay. Simple shear samples were tested under either constant effective vertical stress or constant volume condition. …
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Landfill design, construction and non-invasive monitoring
… method of monitoring the placement of compacted clay landfill liners. London Clay and Mercia Mudstone, collected from the QA case study sites, are tested in terms of their suitability as engineered clay liners. Although, London Clay is the most acceptable it is this material which exhibits the …
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Prediction and interpretation of ground movements due to tunneling in stiff clay and impacts on adjacent structures
… using Earth Pressure Balance (EPB) machines in London Clay. The research focuses on the 'greenfield' response during tunnel excavation beneath Hyde Park. Far-field measurements of surface and subsurface ground movements were interpreted using 2D finite element analyses using a range of …
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Rate-Dependent Behavior of Clay
… two-surface plasticity constitutive model for clays based on the critical-state soil mechanics. The model reproduces the mechanical response of clays under multi-axial loading conditions and predicts both drained and undrained behaviors at small and large strains. Model parameter values are …
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The mechanical behavior of normally consolidated soils as a function of pore fluid salinity
… from around the world. These include Boston Blue Clay (BBC), London Clay, Gulf of Mexico soil and sodium montmorillonite. Several derivatives of BBC were resedimented including BBC which had some of its natural salt removed via leaching, and also BBC which had its fabric completely dispersed using …
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Numerical simulation of ground movements and structural forces in lining for Earth Pressure Balance (EPB) tunneling in clay
… using an Earth Pressure Balance (EPB) machine in clay. The model uses the commercial FE code, Plaxis 3D, to represent the face pressure, conical shield, grouting process and activation of precast segmental concrete lining systems through a set of boundary conditions that advance through the soil …
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The measurement and interpretation of small strain stiffness of soils
… factors of stiffness as they would be for clays. However, the framework distinguishes that for sands the means of arriving at its initial volume stress state are also important, in particular whether this is by overconsolidation or compaction. The thesis also presents results of bender …
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The sedimentology and palaeoecology of the Coralline Crag (Pliocene) of Suffolk
… horizon resting on an eroded surface of London Clay (Eocene). The components of the phosphorite deposit include phosphatic pebbles and cobbles and assorted phosphatised fossils which were derived from a variety of sources including a Miocene sand formation which was broken up during the …
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Effect of existing building on tunneling-induced ground movements
… to represent the undrained shear behavior of clay. Input parameters of the HS and HSS models were calibrated for the case of London Clay and compared with results of Potts and Addenbrooke (1997) who used a non-linear elastic model (PJ model). Results have clearly indicated that the choice of …
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Long-term basement heave in over-consolidated clay
… to swell. At locations with over-consolidated clays, such as London Clay and Cambridge Gault, these movements often continue for many years after the end of construction, generating additional heave movements and swell pressures in a phenomenon known as “long-term heave”. Since very few …
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Modelling the effect of recent stress history on the deformation of overconsolidated soils
… and undisturbed samples of speswhite kaolin and London clay. The tests, which followed on from previous work by Richardson (1988), examined details of the influence of recent stress history, which was found to have a significant influence on the stress-strain response of the soil for the current …
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Disaggregation of soil during slurry pipe jacking
… the differences in disaggregation rates of London Clay, Upper Mottled Beds and Fleetwood Silts. In total 71 mixing tests were completed during the development of the test and the classifying of the soils. The test involved mixing distilled water with 10 clay cuttings for varying times. The …