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Showing 1 to 20 of 22 for “"Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS)"”.
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MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF ATP-MODULATED LIQUID-LIQUID PHASE SEPARATION (LLPS) OF TDP-43 AND SARS-COV-2 NUCLEOCAPSID PROTEIN
An estimated 40% of human proteome has undergone LLPS; delineating its molecular mechanisms may reveal principles undiscovered in physiology and open avenues for pathology. All living cells inexplicably maintain 2-14 mM ATP. Strikingly, in 2017, ATP (> 5 mM) was demonstrated to behave as a …
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The Nucleolar Protein Nucleophosmin Undergoes Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation with Arginine-Rich Nucleolar Proteins through Weak, Multivalent Electrostatic Interactions
… (LCDs) and rRNA have been shown to promote liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in vitro, suggesting a basis for the liquid-like behavior of nucleoli. Nucleophosmin (NPM1), a multifunctional and highly abundant nucleolar protein, exhibits structural features associated with LLPS suggesting …
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β2-mikroglobulino gryninimas ir skysčio-skysčio fazių atsiskyrimo tyrimai /
… A rapidly growing area of research is liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), the process by which proteins and other biomolecules separate from the bulk solution to form dense, membraneless condensates. Although dozens of proteins have been identified to form condensates, there is …
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Dissolution Behavior of Amorphous Solid Dispersions
… suggests that some systems can undergo another phase transformation prior to crystallization, namely liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). LLPS creates a discrete drug-rich phase dispersed in the continuous aqueous drug-lean phase and is expected to impact the bioavailability of the drug though …
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Investigating the dynamic nature of biomolecular condensates that support rotavirus replication
… The formation of such factories is driven by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of an intrinsically disordered phosphoprotein NSP5, which acts as a scaffold, along with the RNA chaperone NSP2 as the major client biomolecule. While viroplasms have been recognised as ribonucleoprotein …
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Quantitative analysis of protein liquid-liquid phase separation
… proteins tend to demix into a protein-rich liquid condensate phase and a protein-poor dilution phase. This process of liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) has emerged as a crucial mechanism for describing the production of biological condensates in live cells, which have been found to be …
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Phase Separation Mediated Compartmentalisation of Rotavirus Replication
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of biopolymers is a fundamental mechanism underlying the formation of cytoplasmic inclusions that function as sites of genome replication and viral particle assembly in rotaviruses. Intrinsically disordered proteins are key drivers of LLPS. In rotaviruses, the …
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Sequence-Based Properties that Identify Intrinsically Disordered Phase-Separating Protein Regions
… investigate the molecular mechanisms that drive liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs). This phenomenon is critical in many cellular processes (including RNA metabolism, chromatin rearrangement, and signal transduction), and known to be driven primarily, …
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The role of DAXX in the selective autophagy receptor SQSTM1/p62 phase condensation
… various biological processes, are assembled via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). These phase-separated condensates ensure that cellular activities occur in a spatiotemporally controlled manner and provide a method for concentrating and segregating cellular components. Liquid-like …
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Decoding the Sequence-Dependent Properties of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins
… IDPs are known to readily undergo homogenous liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) under certain conditions, however variations in salt concentration have been shown to have disparate effects and can even enhance phase separation beyond 1 M NaCl. Through the lens of A1-LCD we simulate an …
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MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF THE FORMATION OF ENDOCYTIC PATCHES AND THE INITIATION OF ACTIN POLYMERIZATION IN FAST ENDOPHILIN MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS
… systems, we identify an integral role of liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in various steps of FEME facilitating precise spatiotemporal recruitment of key endocytic machinery and the regulation of actin polymerization. We demonstrate that the major FEME regulator endophilin (EDP), …
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Investigation of physical principles of protein phase transitions
Protein phase transitions, including liquid-to-solid aggregation and liquid-liquid phase separation, are fundamental processes underlying neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s (the Aβ peptide and the tau protein), Parkinson’s (the α-synuclein protein), and Huntington’s diseases (the Htt …
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Multiscale coarse-grained models for biological phase separation: Development and applications
Many proteins undergo liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) in order to generate membraneless organelles, by which the cell can organise its biomolecules and bioprocesses dynamically in space and time. Many of the experimental and theoretical methodologies used to study the formation of these …
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The functional characterization of a novel protein, Liat1
… proteins tend to drive a phenomenon called liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). This involves the reversible conversion of a homogenous solution into separate phases of distinct density through the condensation of one or more of its biomolecular components. This process results in the …
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RNA-MEDIATED PHASE SEPARATION OF 53BP1: CONNECTING CONDENSATE BIOPHYSICS TO DNA DAMAGE RESPONSE
… intracellular compartments which can form via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) where biochemical reactions concentrate within the cell. An example of such condensates are DNA damage response (DDR) foci, proteins and RNA assemblies where DNA damage signaling and repair occur. We previously …
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Functional Characterization of Plasmodium falciparum TATA-box binding-like Protein (PfTLP)
… or intrinsically disordered proteins mediate liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) (Alberti et al., 2019; Brangwynne et al., 2009; Elbaum-Garfinkle et al., 2015; Nott et al., 2015). Bioinformatic analysis revealed that PfTLP LCRs are enriched in asparagine and lysine, and that these regions …
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The Phase Behavior of Ubqln Proteins and Implications for Protein Quality Control
… to stress granules in cells and undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in vitro. LLPS is a biophysical process by which proteins separate themselves from the surrounding aqueous solution by forming protein-rich droplets. The overarching goals of this work are to understand how the …
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Transcriptional regulation in Plasmodium falciparum: characterisation of TBP-like protein
… has been mounting evidence that IDRs mediate liquid-liquid phase separation, a process which has transformed our understanding of cellular organisation and regulation of key cellular processes. The functional relevance of these IDRs is unknown. Therefore, to elucidate their role, this study …
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Characterizing Multivalent Interactions Between Folded Protein Domains and Intrinsically Disordered Regions or Peptide Substrates
… the interdomain interactions that mediate the liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of ubiquilin-2 (UBQLN2). UBQLN2 is a shuttle protein for the proteasome that functions by binding to proteasomal receptors and ubiquitinated substrates via its N-terminal ubiquitin-like (UBL) and C-terminal …
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Analysis of SMAUG1 protein motifs and interacting partners - linking regulation of phase separation to human disease
… of dynamic, membrane-less organelles (MLOs) via liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS). Dysregulation of these MLOs or “biomolecular condensates” is increasingly linked to human disease, including cancer and neurological disorders. Human SMAUG1 (SAMD4A) is a conserved translational repressor and …
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