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Showing 1 to 20 of 228 for “"Likelihood ratio"”.
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A likelihood ratio analysis of digital phase modulation
Although the likelihood ratio forms the theoretical basis for maximum likelihood (ML) detection in coherent digital communication systems, it has not been applied directly to the problem of designing good trellis-coded modulation (TOM) schemes. The remarkably simple optimal receiver of minimum …
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Integrated-likelihood-ratio confidence intervals obtained from data via a double-sampling scenario.
… Poisson rate parameters. We derive integrated-likelihood-ratio (ILR) confidence intervals, first proposed by Severini (2010), for each of these situations to demonstrate their effectiveness in estimating parameters from data subject to misclassification. In chapter one, we derive an ILR CI for …
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Reliability enhancement in automated guideway transit (AGT) vehicles : a generalized likelihood ratio approach
Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1980.
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Likelihood Ratio Combination of Multiple Biomarkers and Change Point Detection in Functional Time Series
… (ROC) Curve (AUC). The optimality of the likelihood ratio has been proven but the challenges persist in estimating the likelihood ratio, primarily on the estimation of multivariate density functions. In this study, we propose a non-parametric approach for estimating multivariate density …
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Monitoring Markov Dependent Binary Observations with a Log-Likelihood Ratio Based CUSUM Control Chart
… of a first-order Markov chain to derive a log-likelihood ratio based CUSUM control statistic. Then, we model this CUSUM statistic itself as a Markov chain, which in turn allows for designing a control chart with specified statistical properties: the Markov Binary CUSUM (MBCUSUM) chart. We …
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PERFORMANCE OF THE TWO SAMPLE LIKELIHOOD RATIO TEST UNDER A NESTED DIRICHLET: A SIMULATION STUDY
… and Nested Dirichlet models and the associated likelihood ratio test (LRT) framework. Chapter 3 presents a simulation study to evaluate the Type I error performance of the LRT under varying sample sizes, mean vectors, and precision parameters, providing insight into its robustness and …
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Application of Appropriateness Measurement to a Problem in Adaptive Testing
… as few as the initial 2 responses were random. A likelihood ratio (LR) statistic was used to detect the occurrence of this type of response aberrance. The statistic was evaluated by determining hit rates and false positive rates under several conditions, including: (1) comparison with other …
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Comparing k Population Means with No Assumption about the Variances
… distributed. Under these three assumptions, a likelihood ratio test is used to test for the difference in population means. Typically, the assumption of independence can be justified based on the sampling method used by the researcher. The likelihood ratio test is robust to the assumption of …
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Shape-Constrained Inference for Concave-Transformed Densities and their Modes
… of log-concave density estimation we construct a likelihood ratio test for the location of the mode by comparing the log-concave maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) to the MLE over the constrained subclass of log-concave densities with a fixed mode. The test can be inverted to form a confidence set. …
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A Study of Relationships Between Family Members Using Familial Correlations
… family size case is presented. First, three likelihood based tests, namely the likelihood ratio test, Rao score test, and Wald test, and two more asymptotic tests which use Srivastava's estimator of the intraclass correlation coefficient are considered to test the null hypothesis of equality …
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Statistical Hypothesis Testing Under Model Uncertainty
… are different from the distributions used in the likelihood ratio test, sequential probability ratio test, and Hoeffding's generalized likelihood ratio test in the composite setting. When the real distributions are within a small divergence ball of the test distributions, we define the worst-case …
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Robust Inference in Multiple Nonstationary Time Series
… deterministic terms. The test is based on the likelihood ratio test of Johansen (1988, 1991) and involves taking the supremum of the likelihood ratio over all possible breakpoint vectors. The asymptotic distribution is free of nuisance parameters and consists of the supremum of two terms. The …
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Utility of chloride and adenosine deaminase measurement in cerebrosphinal fluid for the early presumptive diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis
… 2014. Chloride and adenosine deaminase concentrations were compared with automated liquid culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis as the reference standard. Findings: There were 2531 cerebrospinal fluid specimens submitted for tuberculosis culture during the study period; exclusion of duplicates …
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Factors affecting diagnostic and prognostic performance of a transcriptomic signature of risk of tuberculosis in HIV-uninfected South African adults
… test combination decreased diagnostic negative likelihood ratio from 0.7 to 0.3, and prognostic negative likelihood ratio from 0.9 to 0.3, but did not improve upon QuantiFERON alone. Compared to QuantiFERON, the Both-Positive test combination increased diagnostic positive likelihood ratio from …
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Gradient Boosted Decision Tree Application to Muon Identification in the KLM at Belle II
… The FBDT model was worse than the benchmark likelihood ratio test model for the whole momentum range during testing on Monte Carlo (MC) simulated data. This is seen in the lower Area Under the Curve (AUC) values for the FBDT ROC curves, achieving peak AUC values around 0.82, while the …
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New Results on Selection Diversity over Fading Channels
… branch providing the largest magnitude of log-likelihood ratio for binary phase shift keying signals (with and without phase compensation in the selection process) are also investigated. The proposed analytical framework is sufficiently general to study the effects of dissimilar fading …
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Statistical Methods For Biomarker Threshold Models in Clinical Trials
… often unknown. For this situation, the ordinary likelihood ratio test cannot be applied for testing treatment-biomarker interaction because of the model irregularities. We develop a residual bootstrap method to approximate the distribution of a proposed test statistic to test for …
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The Effects of Sample Design and Measure Reliability on Lisrel-Based Hypothesis Tests
… power of hypothesis tests from LISREL's maximum Likelihood ratio. Using simulation data and data from the High School and Beyond survey (HSB), I show that test power decreases when sample design differs from an unrestricted random sample assumed for LISREL's maximum likelihood estimators (MLE).
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Maximum-likelihood-based confidence regions and hypothesis tests for selected statistical models.
We apply maximum likelihood methods for statistical inference on parameters of interest for three different types of statistical models. The models are a seemingly unrelated regression model, a bivariate Poisson regression model, and a model of two inversely-related Poisson rate parameters with …
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