Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 18 of 18 for “"LTBI"”.
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TB or Not TB: Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Harlem, New York
… States have latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and are therefore at risk for progression to active disease. Diagnosis and treatment for LTBI has been identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Institute of Medicine as a major strategy for elimination of …
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Exploration of Factors Influencing Non-Completion of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Treatment
… is infected with Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI). These organizations suggest about 10% of people with LTBI will develop active Tuberculosis (TB) in their lifetime. The literature suggests 50%‒65% of patients fail to complete LTBI treatment. Current research is inconsistent and often …
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Characterization of CD8 T cell responses in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis infection
… Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection (LTBI) and active TB disease, and further define MTB-specific CD8 T cell phenotypes associated with latent infection and active disease. Ex vivo IFN? Elispots and proliferation assays were used to identify immunodominant ESAT6 and CFP10 15mer …
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A quantitative characterization of tuberculin skin test indurations using hyperspectral imaging to enable automated latent tuberculosis screening
… to harbour latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), which is a precursor to active tuberculosis (TB). Immunocompromising conditions, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, diabetes, chronic renal failure, and chemotherapy, are associated with the risk of progression from LTBI to …
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Transmission of tuberculosis in high school students in Worcester, South Africa
… review of adolescent latent TB infection (LTBI) and TB disease prevalence, and to examine the relationship between adolescent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and TB disease rates, in high TB burden African countries. 2) To describe temporal changes in prevalence of LTBI among …
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A study to evaluate immunodiagnostic tests for tuberculosis infection and determinants of TB infection in a population of health care workers in the Western Cape of South Africa
… risk of acquiring latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). The emergence of interferon - gamma release assays (IGRAs) for the diagnosis of LTBI, presents an opportunity for improved estimation of TB infection prevalence and incidence. Their utility in settings with high background prevalence TB and …
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Characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific Th22 cells in HIV-TB co-infection
… Th22 cells in latent TB infection (LTBI), TB disease and HIV co-infection, using flow cytometric techniques. In Chapter 2, we optimised detection of IL-22 and determined the factors that contribute to Mtb-specific IL-22 production by CD4+ T cells, as well as characterising some …
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User-interface design and evaluation in a mobile application for detecting latent tuberculosis
… and prevent latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), is the tuberculin skin test (TST), for which an induration response on a patient’s arm is an indication of LTBI. The test requires the patient to return to a clinic 48 to 72 hours after TST administration for assessment of the response. This …
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Bioinformatic identification and characterization of cytokinetic regulators in Mtb
… during latent tuberculosis infections (LTBI), which comprises the vast majority of tuberculosis cases, has hindered global eradication efforts. To elucidate mechanisms associated with transition to the non-replicating persistent (NRP) state associated with LTBI, we set out to identify …
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Utility of newer technologies for the diagnosis of active and latent tuberculosis
… the only available test for latent tuberculosis (LTBI). Recently, interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) have been developed which are based upon the responses of peripheral blood effector cells to M.tb-specific antigens [early secretory antigenic target -6 (ESAT-6) and culture filtrate protein …
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Multiplexed immunoassay development for precision medicine diagnostics and protein characterization using silicon photonic microring resonators
… immunoassay for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) with the absolute assay output normalized by each subject’s basal immune response. Using this personalized normalization strategy, machine learning feature selection yielded promising results toward a diagnostic signature. Chapter 4 describes …
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Development of an Autologous Human Dendritic Cell Vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Patients with Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis
… participants with presumed latent TB infection (LTBI; n=15). DCs were matured with a differential combination of cytokines and pattern-recognition receptor agonists (maturation cocktail) together with different TB antigen combinations. The complete cocktail contained interferon-, interferon-, …
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Mobile phone-based evaluation of talent tuberculosis infection
… detecting latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) in adults and active TB disease in children. This work presents the development of a screening tool to detect LTBI's, which works in conjunction with the TST and serves as an alternative for measuring the TST induration. The screening tool …
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Synthesis, structure-activity relationship and solubility profiling of antimycobacterial aminoquinazolinones
… (HIV), the existence of latent TB infection (LTBI) and the extensive treatment regimen resulting in poor patient compliance, there is therefore a need to develop novel antimycobacterial agents to address these limitations. Within this context, 2-aminoquinazolinone compounds with potent …
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The incidence of tuberculosis in the inflammatory bowel disease registry in Cape Town, South Africa
… most common site affected. Latent TB infection (LTBI) occurred in twenty-four patients that were prescribed IST. Ten received isoniazid prophylaxis therapy (IPT) and one later developed active TB. Conclusion: TB is a significant problem in our IBD population. The establishment of local guidelines …
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The efficacy of intermittent directly observed isoniazid in preventing tuberculosis in HIV-infected adults with advanced disease
… the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in HIV-infected adults has shown significant reduction in the incidence of tuberculosis in participants with a positive tuberculin skin test (TST), but not in those with a negative TST. However, there are insufficient data on patients with …
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Applied epidemiology in the Northern Territory 2012 - 2014
… indicated) for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). In investigating an acute public health problem, I participated in an investigation into an outbreak of notifications for Barmah Forest Virus (BFV) infection. We found the rise in notifications were due to an increase in false positive …
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Applied epidemiology in the Northern Territory 2012 - 2014
… indicated) for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). In investigating an acute public health problem, I participated in an investigation into an outbreak of notifications for Barmah Forest Virus (BFV) infection. We found the rise in notifications were due to an increase in false positive …