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Showing 1 to 20 of 20 for “"LCFA"”.
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Recovering biomethane from fats, oils, and greases: Examining the impacts of microbial ecology on anaerobic codigester stability and bioconversion kinetics
… inhibition caused by long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) accumulation. Currently, there is a lack of understanding regarding the role of anaerobic digester microbial communities in maintaining efficient conversion of LCFA into biomethane. The ultimate goal of this research was to improve the …
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Effects of feeding increasing dietary concentrations of fat on the performance of lactating dairy cows
… 3% calcium salts of long-chain fatty acids (Ca-LCFA); control, 6% Ca-LCFA; and control, 9% Ca-LCFA. Dry matter intake and production of milk, milk protein, and solids-not-fat (SNF) were not altered greatly by feeding up to 6% Ca-LCFA in the diet. Nutrient utilization was optimized when between 3 …
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Metabolic lipid regulation during developmental stress : fatty acid dynamics in fasting northern elephant seals.
Long chain fatty acids (LCFA) are important as fuel during exercise in humans, yet have pathological consequences during LCFA overabundance. The northern elephant seal (NES) (Mirounga angustirostris) is a temporally insulin resistant, deep-diving marine mammal reliant on fatty acid oxidation during …
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The Association Between Hepatic Steatosis and Glucose Metabolic Dysfunction
… model by comparison to long-chain fatty acid (LCFA). However, how the energy content of these formulas influences NAFLD pathogenesis remains unclear. Our hypothesis was that MCFAs induce NAFLD in neonatal pigs independent of energy content, and that MCFA-induced NAFLD disrupts hepatic glucose …
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Hepatic Lipid metabolism in Neonatal Pigs
… differently than long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) when they are the main energy substrate of the formula. We sought to investigate the mechanism that differentiates MCFA from LCFA from a metabolic and physiologic standpoint. Feeding high-fat diets of MCFA and LCFA resulted in steatosis from …
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Thermal Hydrolysis of LCFAs and Influence of pH on Acid-phase Codigestion of FOG
… (FOG). The mechanisms of long chain fatty acids (LCFA) degradation in thermal hydrolysis pretreatment and the influence of pH on LCFA degradation in two-phase co-digestion systems were studied. LCFA thermal hydrolysis was investigated at different temperatures (90-250 °C) and reaction times (30 …
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Analysis of the function and subcellular localization of FAT/CD36 in hepatocytes and transfected cell lines of hepatic and non-hepatic origin.
… binding and uptake of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) and is therefore a key regulator of lipid storage (particularly in adipocytes) and mitochondrial beta oxidation (particularly in muscle). Interestingly FAT/CD36 also binds native lipoproteins (including high-density lipoproteins [HDL]) with …
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Hormonal regulation of long chain fatty uptake by adipocytes and studies of FATP gene family
Long chain fatty acids (LCFA) are an important source of energy for most organisms. Serum fatty acid (FA) levels are dynamically regulated by hormones. We show that insulin directly stimulates adipocyte fatty acid influx suggesting that the decrease in serum FA levels seen after meals is partially …
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Acid-phase and Two-phase Codigestion of FOG in Municipal Wastewater
… from FOG addition. Long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) were found to have accumulated in the reactor vessel in semi-solid balls that were primarily composed of saturated LCFAs. Adding high FOG loadings to an APD not acclimated to LCFAs allowed for a mass balance calculation and resulted in near …
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Branched-Chain Amino Acid Metabolism in the Neonatal Pig
… or high energy from long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) or medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) for 22 days. Although high fat diets did not increase plasma BCAA concentrations, the MCFA diet in particular caused metabolic changes which could lead to fatty liver disease and decreased oxidative BCAA …
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Effects of heat and chemical treatment of whole oilseeds on site and extent of digestion of protein and lipid by cattle
… with alkaline hydrogen peroxide; 10%), or Ca-LCFA (5%) and contained 5.6% (avg) more total fatty acids than basal. Ruminal fermentation characteristics and digestibility of OM, GE, N, NDF, and ADF were unaffected (P $>$.05) by diet. Steers fed treated canola seed spared more mono- and …
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Regulation of milk fat synthesis by dietary fatty acids
… fats containing only the long chain fatty acids (LCFA) were examined. Milk fat content, milk yield and mammary lipogenic gene expression were increased by butterfat but not by the LCFA mixture. This suggested that rates of short and medium chain fatty acid synthesis might be limiting for milk fat …
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Mechanisms of Western-Diet Induced Endothelial Stiffening: Endothelial CD36 and Long-Chain Fatty Acids
… in vivo is mimicked by exposure to saturated LCFA palmitic acid in vitro, a phenomenon that is dependent on CD36. Activation of CD36 by non-lipid ligands, however, does not elicit stiffening. To elucidate how lipids elicit stiffening, we focused on RhoA and its association with RhoGDI1, which …
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Effect of Addition of High Strength Food Wastes on Anaerobic Digestion of Sewage Sludge
… Fatty Acids (VFA), Long Chain Fatty Acids (LCFA), and alkalinity. Biogas was collected and analyzed for methane content. The dewatering characteristics of digested sludge were also studied. Volatile organic sulfur compounds were analyzed on the dewatered sludge in order to monitor odors. …
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Studies of Bioactive Natural Products and Mechanism-Based Bioassays
… due to the presence of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs). We present results for the testing and application of this SPE-based method for LCFA dereplication. The cell cycle kinase Chk1 is an interesting target for the development of agents which might potentiate DNA damaging agents. Typical assays …
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Effects of nutrition, disease, and body condition score during the transition period on dairy cattle liver gene expression
… in phospholipids (PL) and triacylglycerol (TAG) LCFA profiles and expression of genes associated PPARα signaling, metabolism, growth, energy and immune responses in transitional cows supplemented with saturated fatty acids or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Preliminary findings revealed that …
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Einfluss von Prozessoptimierungen auf die mikrobielle Diversität und die Effizienz der Gasbildung in Co-Vergärungsanlagen der Abfallwirtschaft
… und Adsorption als auch Degradation von LCFA dazu führen, dass deren Konzentration im flüssigen Gärrest gesenkt wird. Dadurch nimmt die Hemmung auf die Biozönose ab und die Biogasbildungsrate steigt. Daher ist der Abbau der Fettsäuren auch bei einem niedrigen pH-Wert und unter hohen …
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Transcriptional adaptation of adipose tissue in dairy cows in response to energy overfeeding
… with utilization of long-chain fatty acid (LCFA), whereas subcutaneous AT (SUBQ) had greater gene expression related with de novo FA synthesis. Visceral AT, particularly MES, showed greater mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and acute-phase protein. In conclusion, …
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The intestinal absorption of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids: proposed mechanisms from studies using human Caco-2 cells.
… a high affinity for long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) in different tissues questioned the theory that lipid absorption was only the result of passive diffusion. However, since the gut exhibit unique environmental and cellular features it is not possible to extrapolate the mechanisms found in …
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Effects of prepartum dietary energy and lipid supplementation on hepatic transcriptome profiles in dairy cows during the transition period
… . Transcriptional changes encompassed not only LCFA oxidation and GH signaling but also hepatokine production. In the second experiment, we examined blood metabolites and expression of 58 genes related to inflammation and ER stress in the same cows assigned (n = 6/diet) to CON or OVE diets …