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Showing 1 to 20 of 34 for “"Kynurenine"”.
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The involvement of the kynurenine pathway in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis
… of MS. Over the past decade, involvement of kynurenine pathway (KP) has been implicated in many neurological diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington diseases and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Increasing evidences indicate that the KP is also involved in MS. The aim of this thesis is …
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Stress and inflammation regulate the kynurenine pathway dioxygenases in a glia‐ and tissue‐specific manner
… rate-limiting for tryptophan metabolism by the Kynurenine Pathway. While accumulating evidence supports an interconnection between symptoms of depression and increased Kynurenine Pathway activity, the cellular specificity underpinning DO regulation by stress and inflammation remain poorly …
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Expression and regulation of the rate-limiting enzymes of the kynurenine pathway in the mouse brain
… over the past 30 years. A leading theory is Kynurenine Pathway activation in relation to inflammation- or stress-induced depression-like behaviors. There has been a tremendous amount of data connecting activated immune system (or hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis), increased kynurenine …
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The Current Role of Kynurenine Pathway Interventions in Oxidative Stress and Redox Homeostasis in the Context of Aging and Cancer
… in old individuals. In recent years, the kynurenine pathway –the main route to metabolize tryptophan in the cell– has emerged as a therapeutic target in several age-related diseases, including cancer. Intermediate metabolites in the kynurenine pathway have immunological and redox …
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I. Oxidative Metabolism of L-Kynurenine and 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid by Mammalian Liver. Ii. Nutritional Studies With the Hyperthyroid Rat
Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-12T17:02:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 4848 bytes, checksum: 96035ab3f5e1c23cc7138a224ce498bd (MD5) 5900584.PDF: 7617049 bytes, checksum: de39a2e7e8f5187acd1bf6f518e4d12b (MD5) Previous issue date: 1958
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Kynurenines in neurological disorders
The kynurenine pathway is thought to be involved in neurological disorders but its precise role and the mechanisms involved have yet to be established. Tryptophan can be metabolised via this pathway to produce the neurotoxic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor agonist, quinolinic acid (QUIN), and …
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Investigation into the biochemical changes in Tourette Syndrome with a potential for pharmacological manipulation
Kynurenine (KYN) is the first stable metabolite of the kynurenine pathway, which accounts for over 95% of tryptophan metabolism. Two previous studies by this research group reported elevated plasma KYN in Tourette syndrome (TS) patients when compared with age and sex matched controls and another …
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Biochemical aspects of Tourette's Syndrome
Kynurenine (KYN) is the first stable metabolite of the kynurenine pathway, the major route of tryptophan. (TRP) metabolIsm. In the liver, cortisol-inducible tIyptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) is the first enzyme and rate limiting step. In extrahepatic tissues, it is superceded by …
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Aspects of tic like behaviour and serotonergic control
… spontaneous and DOl-induced head shakes. Because kynurenine potentiates head shakes and plasma concentrations are raised in TS patients the effects of kynurenine on the 5-HT2A/2C agonist DOl mediated head shake were established. Kynurenine potentiated the DOl head shake. Attempts were made to …
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Novel Functions of the Transcription Factor Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) and Its Tryptophan-Derived Ligands in Cancer Cells
… levels of Trp and its metabolites in the kynurenine pathway, specifically increasing the expression of Trp transporters SLC7A5, SLC1A5, and the enzyme AFMID. Elevated levels of these components were observed in immortalized colon cancer cells lines and patient tissues, with a significant …
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Metabolomics of cerebrospinal fluids to identity novel biomarkers as a predictive tool for brain inflammatory conditions
… discriminative metabolites in the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway, nitric oxide pathway and elevation of neopterin. The use of the adjacent ratios such as kynurenine/tryptophan, anthranilic acid/3-hydroxyanthranilic acid and ADMA/arginine in combination with neopterin can serve as a potential …
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Total Synthesis of Naturally Occurring Antimicrobial Peptides
… between the nonproteinogenic amino acid kynurenine was achieved by esterification of a threonine residue with a protected tryptophan. Subsequent late-stage on-resin ozonolysis, inspired by the biomimetic pathway, afforded the kynurenine residue directly. Synthetic daptomycin possessed …
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Metabolomic analysis of the interleukin-10-deficient mouse model of Crohn's disease
… increased tryptophan catabolism which produces kynurenine metabolites that may induce immune tolerance of T-cells towards intestinal microbiota. Plasma levels of kynurenine and 3-hydroxykynurenine were confirmed to be elevated in IL10-/- mice. The increased fucose levels may be due to abnormal …
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Neuroinflammation and comorbid depression: a role for interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase
… disease and depression. IDO1 activity increases kynurenine concentrations in circulation and brain tissue following LPS administration. Further, IDO1 has been shown to be necessary for the development of systemic inflammation-induced depression-like behaviors of mice. Increased brain kynurenine …
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Microbial Metabolite Regulation of Microglial AHR Signaling in Alzheimer’s Disease
… acetic acid, indoxyl-3-sulfate) and increased kynurenine. Microglial AHR and IL-1β expression was significantly upregulated in symptomatic AD mice compared to aged-matched controls and pre-symptomatic mice. <em>In vitro</em>, treatment of HMC3 microglial cells with indole metabolites suppressed …
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Bio-behavioural evaluation of efavirenz and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol alone and in combination in rats with respect to psychosis and anxiety
… kits. Moreover, plasma tryptophan and its kynurenine metabolites (kynurenine, kynurenic acid (KYNA) and quinolinic acid (QA)) were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). One-way and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni post hoc testing with multiple …
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THE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF INDOOR VERSUS OUTDOOR AEROBIC EXERCISE IN FEMALE CANCER SURVIVORS: A LITERATURE REVIEW
… on ROS, antioxidants, QOL, vitamin D, estrogen, kynurenine, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and the immune system within cancer patients and survivors may be imperative to their recovery and survival. Outdoor aerobic exercise within a greenery-rich environment elicits greater positive changes …
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Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation and applications for the analysis of neural systems
… our system to detect metabolites in the kynurenine pathway. In fact, this pathway is responsible for the majority of tryptophan metabolism in mammalian physiology and results in the neuroactive compounds kynurenine and kynurenic acid which are natively fluorescent. An automated version of …
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