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Showing 1 to 20 of 83 for “"Isoniazid"”.
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Isoniazid and acetylisoniazid urine concentrations as a maker of adherence to isoniazid preventative therapy in children
… World Health Organization recommends the use of isoniazid preventive therapy to reduce the incidence of tuberculosis disease in populations at risk for developing the disease. Adherence to isoniazid preventive therapy is needful for efficacy. A urine assay known as the Arkansas test is widely …
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The Effect of acetaminophen on isoniazid metabolism
… drug, causes liver necrosis in overdose. Isoniazid (INH, isonicotinyl hydrazide), an antituberculous drug, also causes liver damage in some patients at therapeutic doses. The two medications are likely to be taken concurrently. Previously we reported that, depending on the condition, INH …
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Probable mechanism of isoniazid-related hepatic injury
This document only includes an excerpt of the corresponding thesis or dissertation. To request a digital scan of the full text, please contact the Ruth Lilly Medical Library's Interlibrary Loan Department (rlmlill@iu.edu).
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Characterization of the Hepatotoxicity of Rifampicin and Isoniazid
<p>In a mouse model, rifampicin and isoniazid combination treatment results in cholestatic liver injury that is associated with an increase of protoporphyrin ix (PPIX), the penultimate heme precursor. Excess PPIX is believed to bind to bile acids, precipitate in bile canaliculi, and form bile plugs …
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The therapeutic importance of isoniazid metabolism in elderly patients
… a study of the role of oxygen free radicals in isoniazid induced toxicity and its implications on the safety of isoniazid containing regimens in elderly patients. During isoniazid metabolism, toxic metabolites are produced which, together with isoniazid, may lead to toxicity by mechanism (s) yet …
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Safety of long-term isoniazid preventive therapy in children with HIV
… combination of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT). Current WHO guidelines recommend 6 months of IPT for all HIV-infected children older than 1 year without TB disease; up to 3 years is recommended in high TB prevalence areas. Although both ART and IPT can cause …
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Isoniazid preventative therapy penetrance at a community health centre in South Africa: a cross sectional study
… in people living with HIV (PLHIV). The use of Isoniazid preventative therapy (IPT) has been proven to be effective and safe to reduce this burden. Despite overwhelming evidence, uptake op IPT is poor. This study evaluated an urban population of PLHIV and described associations with the delivery …
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The efficacy of intermittent directly observed isoniazid in preventing tuberculosis in HIV-infected adults with advanced disease
[Introduction] Meta-analysis of the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in HIV-infected adults has shown significant reduction in the incidence of tuberculosis in participants with a positive tuberculin skin test (TST), but not in those with a negative TST. However, there are …
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Determinants and consequences of the pharmacokinetics of rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol in a cohort of tuberculosis patients
… tuberculosis (TB) susceptible to rifampicin and isoniazid at Brewelsleloof Hospital, Worcester, in the Western Cape.
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Isoniazid preventive therapy in HIV infected children on antiretroviral therapy living in a high tuberculosis prevalence area a randomized controlled trial
Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV are dual epidemics and a public health crisis in Southern Africa. An estimated 2.5 million children are living with HIV, of which 2.3 million live in Sub-Saharan Africa, with an estimated 230 000 child deaths from AIDS. In 2010 there were an estimated 8 million incident …
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The impact of isoniazid preventative therapy and antiretroviral therapy on tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected children in a high TB incidence setting
The aim of this study is to investigate the combined effect of IPT [INH preventative therapy] and ART [antiretroviral therapy] on TB incidence in HIV-infected children. A cohort analysis will be performed using data from a prospective, double-blinded placebo controlled trial of INH versus placebo …
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Pharmacometric modelling to inform and improve TB and HIV treatment: Focus on drug-drug interactions and neglected populations
… and drug-drug interaction of efavirenz, isoniazid, and bedaquiline in pregnant women and characterise the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of high dose isoniazid in adults with multidrugresistant tuberculosis. We found that isoniazid and efavirenz exposures were reduced during …
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An assessment of the Isoniazid preventative therapy programme for children in a busy primary healthcare clinic in Nelson Mandela Bay, Eastern Cape Province
… morbidity from TB. Despite clear evidence that Isoniazid preventative therapy (IPT) can reduce the risk of progression from TB infection to disease, IPT has been a poorly implemented component of national TB control programmes, especially in high TB-burden areas, including South Africa. This …
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Genomics study of anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hypersensitivity reactions
… in patients with confirmed rifampicin and or isoniazid-associated hypersensitivity reactions using both genome- wide association studies and candidate gene approaches. Methods: A case control study using 14 patients with previous tuberculosis-associated CADR who were re-challenged with …
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The development, implementation and validation of a plasma-based high performance liquid chromatographic assay for Isoniazid and N-Acetylisoniazid: an acetylator status population study at Brewelskloof Hospital
… developed for the simultaneous determination of isoniazid and N-acetylisoniazid in plasma. Solid phase extraction involving C18 columns is used to extract the drug and the metabolite from 0.5 ml plasma. The analyte peaks are resolved using a CB Spherisorb analytical column and ultraviolet …
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Completion of isoniazid preventive therapy and factors associated with non-completion in an antiretroviral therapy-naive HIV-infected cohort in Cape Town by Tolu Oni.
… a large reservoir of latently infected persons. Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) is recommended as preventive therapy in HIV-infected persons. However, implementation has been slow, impeded by barriers and challenges including the fear of non-adherence. A protocol was therefore written to …
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Tuberculosis In paediatric kidney transplant recipients a single centre experience
… recipients and to assess the impact of Isoniazid prophylaxis. Methods: Single-centre retrospective descriptive analysis of children who received kidney transplants from 1995-2019. The cohort was stratified according to receipt of isoniazid prophylaxis which began in 2005. Results: 212 …
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Population/ Nonlinear mixed-effects modelling of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tuberculosis treatment
The pharmacokinetics of rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol in TB/HIV coinfected patients recruited in two phase III clinical trials (61 patients in TB-HAART and 222 patients in RAFA study) were described using nonlinear mixed-effects modelling. Concentration-time data for rifampicin …
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A study of pharmacokinetics of anti tuberculosis drugs in Zambian PTB patients co-infected with the Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus
… the pharmacokinetic parameters for rifampicin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide in Zambian PTB patients with HIV at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia. The assaying of the drugs was done at the University College London Medical School.To determine whether the pharmacokinetics of …
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Investigation of the Genetic Basis of Antibiotic Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
… assay for the detection of rifampicin and isoniazid resistance was evaluated in clinical M. tuberculosis isolates with varying phenotypic susceptibility profiles from Cape Town, South Africa. Additionally, the use of multiplex allele-specific-PCR assays for the detection of two commonly …
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