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Showing 1 to 20 of 40 for “"Iron-Sulfur Cluster"”.
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Genes from Arabidopsis involved in iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis
Iron sulfur [Fe-S] proteins are essential components of many major biological processes including electron transport, respiration, photosynthesis, hormone biosynthesis, and environmental sensing. The process of [Fe-S] cluster assembly in living cells is a controlled mechanism that is highly …
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Molecular Details Of The Mitochondrial Iron Sulfur Cluster Assembly Pathway
<p>MOLECULAR DETAILS OF THE MITOCHONDRIAL IRON SULFUR CLUSTER ASSEMBLY PATHWAY</p> <p>Iron-sulfur clusters are an important class of prosthetic group involved in electron transfer, enzyme catalysis, and regulation of gene expression. Their biosynthesis requires complex machinery located within the …
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Isolation of in vivo intermediates in iron sulfur cluster biogenesis
Iron-sulfur clusters are simple inorganic cofactors that are ubiquitous in living systems. The assembly of iron sulfur clusters is an essential process and must be carefully controlled in order to limit the release of toxic free iron or sulfide. Thus far there are three known protein systems for …
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Biophysical Investigations of the Cytosolic Iron-Sulfur Cluster Assembly Pathway Late Acting Proteins
The cytosolic iron-sulfur ([Fe-S]) cluster assembly (CIA) pathway matures cytosolic and nuclear iron-sulfur dependent proteins found in eukaryotic cells. [Fe-S] clusters are involved in life-sustaining processes such as: DNA replication and repair, transcription, translation, and nucleotide and …
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Experimental Characterization of Iron-Sulfur Cluster Excited States and their Relevance to Electron Transfer Reactions
Iron-sulfur (Fe−S) clusters, and cuboidal [Fe₄S₄] clusters in particular, are biologically ubiquitous metallocofactors involved in a diverse array of cellular processes. The electronic structures of these metallocofactors are highly multiconfigurational, and characterized by dense manifolds of …
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Controlled Expression and Functional Analysis of the Iron-Sulfur Cluster Biosynthetic Machinery in Azotobacter vinelandii
… iscS, iscU, iscA, hscB, hscA, fdx, iscX gene cluster, resulting in duplicate genomic copies of these genes, one whose expression is directed by the normal isc regulatory elements (Pisc) and the other whose expression is directed by the scrX promoter (PscrX). Functional analysis of [Fe-S] …
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The roles of redox active cofactors in catalysis : structural studies of iron sulfur cluster and flavin dependent enzymes
… flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and [4Fe-4S] clusters, were originally determined to aid in electron transfer and redox chemistry. However, additional activities for these cofactors continue to be discovered. The study of FAD in the context of rebeccamycin and staurosporine biosynthesis has …
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Participation of the iron-sulfur cluster of Bacillus subtilis glutamine phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase in the inactivation and degradation of the enzyme in vivo
… P-Rib-PP amidotransferase contains a (4Fe-4S) cluster which is essential for activity. The enzyme also undergoes removal of 11 N-terminal residues from the primary translation product in vivo to form the active enzyme. It has been proposed that oxidative inactivation of the FeS cluster in vivo …
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Biogenesis and Redox Transition of Iron-sulfur Clusters in Proteins
Iron-sulfur proteins comprise one of the most ubiquitous and conserved classes of proteins in biology. The diverse functions of iron-sulfur clusters in proteins range from electron transfer to redox signaling. The assembly of iron-sulfur clusters in cells requires a complex protein system and …
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Molecular genetic manipulation and characterization of the high-potential chain of cyclic electron transport in Rhodobacter sphaeroides
The Rieske iron-sulfur subunit of the cytochrome bc$\sb{1}$ complex of Rhodobacter sphaeroides assembles in the E. coli and R. sphaerodies membranes with its iron-sulfur cluster intact, in the absence of the cytochrome subunits. This assembly, in light of predicted structural features of the …
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Designing Novel Blue Copper and Purple CuA Centers in Azurin With Natural and Unnatural Amino Acids
… mutagenesis was used to incorporate a 2Fe-2S cluster binding loop from human ferrochelatase into azurin. Preliminary iron binding studies indicate the assembly of a 4Fe-4S or a 2Fe-2S iron sulfur cluster.
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Prebiotic photoreduction and polymerization of cysteinyl peptides.
… in the prebiotic synthesis of cofactors, such as iron-sulfur clusters. However, cysteinyl peptides must be reduced in order to coordinate iron-sulfur clusters. Mixtures of ferric ions and cysteinyl peptides leads to the reduction of ferric to ferrous ions and the concomitant formation of disulfide …
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Unraveling dual dysfunction in Friedreich’s ataxia: how mitochondrial dysfunction and microglial activation drive neurodegeneration
… Frataxin is a mitochondrial protein crucial for iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis and mitochondrial function. When frataxin levels are depleted, mitochondrial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress, and impaired energy production are impacted which are central to understanding this disease. In …
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FUNCTIONAL STUDIES OF THE FE-S CLUSTER BIOGENESIS BY SUF SYSTEM
Iron-Sulfur clusters are important metal cofactors for many enzymes. Bacteria have dedicated systems for the maturation and trafficking of Fe-S clusters. The SUF (Sulfur Utilization Factor) system is the only housekeeping system in Gram-positive bacteria; whereas in Gram-negative bacteria, the SUF …
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Electrochemical Transformation of Alkanes, Carbon Dioxide and Protons at Iron-Porphyrins and Iron-Sulfur Clusters
… generation of hydrogen using iron-sulfur cluster. Chapter 1 gives a general overview of the electrochemical techniques which underpin the work presenedt in this thesis. Chapter 2 reports the chemical and electrocatalytic oxidation of hydrocarbons to alcohols and epoxides by …
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Novel Molecules that Regulate Bone Formation and Bone Resorption
… cardiolipin oxidation, caspase activity, iron-sulfur cluster formation, and manganese superoxide dismutase activity. We found that DOR is an important regulator of osteoblast differentiation. In addition, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the promoter of human DOR gene associated …
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Genetic and Biochemical Characterization of the Heteromeric Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase From Bacillus Subtilis
… formed a heteromeric DHOD holoenzyme, an iron-sulfur flavoprotein which was determined by gel filtration to be a tetramer containing 2 mol PyrDI and 2 mol PyrDII. The two subunits were also overexpressed individually and purified. Overexpressed PyrDII formed inclusion bodies and could be …
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Structural insight into the assembly of iron-sulfur clusters and their function in radical generation
… addresses two emerging areas in the study of iron-sulfur cluster biochemistry: bioassembly of iron-sulfur clusters, and their involvement in initiation of radical chemistry. The structure of a cysteine desulfurase involved in cluster bioassembly in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC sp. 6803 …
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A Bioinformatics Approach to Identifying Radical SAM (S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine) Enzymes
… organism oxygen tolerances, because the core iron-sulfur cluster is oxygen sensitive. Trends in the abundances of radical SAM enzymes depending on oxygen tolerances were more apparent in prokaryotes than in eukaryotes. Although eukaryotes tend to have fewer radical SAM enzymes than …
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