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Showing 1 to 20 of 35 for “"Ion selectivity"”.
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Ion Selectivity and Gating in the NAK Channel
Ion selectivity and gating are two fundamental properties central to proper physiological functioning of ion channels. In this work, a thorough structural characterization of ion binding profiles is presented for the NaK channel, a non selective cation channel from Bacillus cereus, along with an …
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Structural Insights into Ion Selectivity and Calcium Blockage in Cyclic Nucleotide Gated Channels
… non neuronal cells. Details of their underlying ion selectivity properties are still not fully understood and a matter of debate in the absence of high resolution structures. Presented in this study are high resolution (1.58-1.95Å) crystal structures and functional analyses of engineered mimics …
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An Anion Selective Aminocyclodextrin Ion Channel: Ion Selectivity, pH Sensitivity and Potential as a Scaffold for Light Gating
The synthesis and characterization of a highly active ion channel mimic and a photocleavable tether as a potential light activated switch is described. Signal activated ion channels are attractive for use in applications such as biosensors and nano-switches. A new photocleavable o-nitrobenzyl …
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Aminocyclodextrin Ion Channels: Development of a Model for Ligand Gating and Investigations of the Effects of Channel Structure on *Transport Properties and Ion Selectivity
… heptaaminopentabutylene glycol beta-cyclodextrin ion channel was highly active and selectively transported anions, the requirements for the number of aminopentabutylene glycol substitutions were not known. beta-Cyclodextrin channels with four and two aminopentabutylene glycol chains and …
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Characterization of manganese oxide coated porous carbon aerogel to isolate the effects of electro-less deposition time, li+ -ion exchange, and heat treatment on ion selectivity and specific capacitance
… this study focuses on an up and coming desalination technique. Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a novel method based on the general concept of ion electro-sorption, with two electrodes acting as capacitors [1]. When polarized in charge/discharge cycles, these cells will remove foreign ions out of …
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Synthesis and Study of Biomimetic Ion Channels: (1) Toward the Development of a Cyclic Peptide-Based Redox-Gated Channel, and (2) Investigations Into the Effect of Pore Size on the Ion Selectivity of an Aminocyclodextrin Channel
To probe the correlation between pore size and ion selectivity, a channel with an alpha-cyclodextrin macrocycle was synthesized and its transport properties were compared with those of an analogous channel with a larger beta-cyclodextrin pore. The anion transport profile of the alpha-cyclodextrin …
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A single molecule study on the structural basis of ion selective permeation in voltage-gated sodium channels
High resolution studies of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) can not reveal the dynamic nature of the channel structures, especially in lipid environments, which are vital for rational drug design. The bacterial NavAb channel is highly like its eukaryotic orthologs in structure, function, and …
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Computational Modeling of Claudin-15 Paracellular Channels
Tight junctions (TJs) regulate paracellular permeability in epithelial tissues through claudin protein assemblies, yet the molecular basis of strand flexibility, pore architecture, and ion selectivity for cation-selective claudin-15 (Cldn-15) remains incompletely defined at atomic resolution. This …
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Protein Structure and Ion Binding in Potassium Selective Channels
… of biological processes, most classically the action potential of excitable cells in multicellular organisms. These channels are defined by their selective conduction of potassium to the exclusion of other monovalent ions as governed by a common sequence and structural motif, the selectivity …
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Comparison of Silica Polyamine Composites and Crosslinked Polystyrene Resins
… are designed to endure the extreme conditions associated with environmental remediation and the metal processing industry. In order for the silica polyamine composites to be viable in industry, their performance must meet or exceed the current methods of metal extraction from aqueous …
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Comparison of Silica Polyamine Composites and Crosslinked Polystyrene Resins
… are designed to endure the extreme conditions associated with environmental remediation and the metal processing industry. In order for the silica polyamine composites to be viable in industry, their performance must meet or exceed the current methods of metal extraction from aqueous …
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Incorporation of charged polysaccharide binders to improve capacitive deionization performance
Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a desalination technology which has been subject to a proliferation in research in recent years for its potential to be more energy efficient than reverse osmosis for the treatment of brackish water. One efficiency-limiting phenomenon is the repulsion of co-ions, …
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Modeling of Electrostatic Interactions inside Human Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels
In this project, we focus on the permeation of Na+ through human voltage-gated sodium channels (Navs). Despite their biological significance, the selective permeation mechanism of Nav channels remains poorly understood at the molecular level. Here, we calculated electric fields inside the channel …
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Computational studies of membrane proteins: Structure, function and dynamics
Ion channels are membrane proteins that regulate the flow of ions across the cell membrane. These channels open in response to changes in electrostatic potential across the cell membrane or binding of small molecules to the channels and allow the passage of specific ions through their conduction …
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Renal Risk Variants of Apolipoprotein L-1 Form Channels at the Plasma Membrane that Lead to a Cytotoxic Influx of Calcium
… is a secreted protein that provides protection against several protozoan parasites due to its channel forming properties. Recently evolved variants, G1 and G2, increase kidney disease risk when present in two copies. In mammalian cells, overexpression of G1 and G2, but not wild-type G0, …
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Structure and Function of the Alpha3Beta4 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor
… receptors are pentameric ligand-gated ion channels that are essential for the proper function of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The α3β4 subtype is highly expressed in the autonomic ganglia, where it contributes to signal transduction from the central nervous system to the …
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Pyrogallo4arenes: a synthetic investigation
… work involved the study of the acid condensation of pyrogallol with acataldehyde. The product formed, pyrogallol[4]arene, is present as a mixture of two isomers, the rccc cone and the rctt flattened partial cone conformations, which could be separated using an extractiodreprecipitation …
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Capacitive deionization performance of bi-tortuous activated carbon electrodes coated with asymmetrically charged polyelectrolytes
Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an electrochemical desalination technology in which porous carbon electrodes are polarized to reversibly store ions from a brackish water feed in electrical double layers in the electrodes. CDI is an attractive alternative to commonly used brackish water …
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Mechanisms of methylenedianiline toxicity to rat biliary epithelial cells
… suggesting that DAPM loosens hepatic tight junctions. Early ultrastructural alterations in BEC mitochondria, however, suggested a possible role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the ability of BEC to maintain glucose transport and tight junction integrity. The working hypothesis for this …
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Understanding the Atomic-Scale Mechanisms of the Human [alpha]4[beta]2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor
… receptors are pentameric ligand-gated ion channels. These receptors are present in the central and peripheral nervous systems where they mediate fast synaptic transmission by allowing the flux of cations through the plasma membrane. The heteropentameric α4β2 subtype is the most abundant …
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