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Showing 1 to 17 of 17 for “"Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR)"”.
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Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and birth outcomes in a cohort of HIV-infected pregnant women in Cape Town, South Africa
Background: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a major contributory factor of perinatal morbidity and mortality. This suboptimal growth is associated with infants being small-for-gestational age. In addition to genetic and placental factors, maternal factors such as infection are also …
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The role of thyroid hormones in placental development and the importance of the thyroid hormone transporter MCT8
… important for fetoplacental development. Human intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with malplacentation and reduced fetal circulating concentration of THs. The expression of the plasma membrane TH transporters MCT8, MCT10, LAT1, LAT2, OATP1A2 and OATP4A1 was characterised in …
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Axis of placental ageing in adverse pregnancy outcomes
… impacts both maternal and fetal outcomes. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is defined as the inability of the fetus to reach normal growth potential within the uterus as a result of various genetic, environmental, or placental factors. Premature ageing of the placenta in pregnancy …
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Expression and Function of Ca2+-Activated K+ Channels in Uterine Arteries
… and heightened risk of preeclampsia and fetal intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). The present study tested the hypothesis that calcium-activated potassium (KCa) channels play an essential role in uterine vascular adaptation to pregnancy, which is inhibited by chronic hypoxia during …
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Aggressive Behavioral Phenotype in Intrauterine Growth Restricted (IUGR) Baboons Exposed to Moderate Nutrient Restriction Early in Development
… could be an association between aggression and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), which can result from low maternal food intake during pregnancy. The main hypotheses of this study are [1] IUGR offspring demonstrate higher rates of aggressive behavior and [2] IUGR offspring attain higher …
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Fetal Cardiac Function and Venous Circulation - Experiences with Velocity Vector Imaging
Placental dysfunction resulting in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a common complication of pregnany and severe IUGR, with ensuing fetal hypoxia is an important cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity. Doppler studies of fetal and maternal vessels are routinely used for fetal …
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The Role of Oxytocin in Bovine Satellite Cell Proliferation and Differentiation
… contribute to skeletal muscle development and growth. In this dissertation, we tested this hypothesis with in-vivo and in-vitro studies in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) sheep, caloric restricted (CR) calves, tamoxifen (TAM) treated heifers, and bovine satellite cells (BSCs), …
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The impact of placental SLC2A3 (GLUT-3) RNA interference on fetal growth and physiology at mid-gestation in sheep
… substrate for fetal oxidative processes and growth. In order for glucose to be transported from maternal to fetal circulation in the ruminant placenta, it must be sequentially transported by SLC2A1 (GLUT-1) on the maternal-fetal syncytial layer, then by SLC2A3 (GLUT-3) on the apical …
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Preeclampsia, Autoimmunity and The At1 Receptor
… mice are reduced in size. The pups demonstrated intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and organ immaturity, especially in their kidneys and livers. To elucidate the mechanism by which these preeclamptic symptoms arise in the mouse model, the effects of increased inflammation were investigated. A …
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Development in children born very preterm after intrauterine growth restriction with abnormal fetal blood flow
Delivery of fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) with abnormal umbilical artery blood flow in the second trimester represents a clinical dilemma. So far, no evidence based management protocols are available adressing when to deliver these fetuses. The high risk of hypoxia and fetal …
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Effects of 2ʹ-fucosyllactose on brain and cognitive development of intrauterine growth restricted piglets
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) leads to small for gestational age (SGA) neonates, increasing risk of brain and cognitive impairments that persist into adulthood. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) have been postulated to exert positive effects on brain development. HMOs are the third most …
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Leptin and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha: understanding their contribution towards normalising the programmed phenotype in the peripheral tissues of IUGR offspring
In a rat model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) induced by maternal global undernutrition, adult offspring are obese with associated metabolic disturbances. These metabolic abnormalities are all augmented by feeding a high calorie postnatal diet and reversed by neonatal leptin treatment. …
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The impact of mouse placental endocrine function on fetal resource allocation and adult offspring health
… the nutrients available to support fetal growth and metabolic demand. Disturbances in placental endocrine function may lead to pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) with immediate negative impacts on fetal outcomes. …
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A decrease in dkk1, a Wnt inhibitor, contributes to placental and fetal lipid accumulation in an obesity-prone rat model
Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-25T15:06:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 6 Appendix B-qRT-PCR Curves.pdf: 4421573 bytes, checksum: e9ba82137f083fa9f50680e7baf8c92c (MD5) Appendix A-Rodent Obesity Models.pdf: 102817 bytes, checksum: d22fc8b17473156234c55d696e75cadd (MD5) Strakovsky_Rita.pdf: …
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Effects of dietary intervention on inflammation and intrauterine growth restriction in neonatal piglets
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), a form of fetal malnutrition that leads to small for gestational age (SGA) infants, is a condition that affects 7.5 million children born worldwide. Infants affected by IUGR are more prone to lengthy hospital stays, repeated infections, and neurodevelopmental …
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Influence of food intervention on enteric nervous system and enteroendocrine cells development in a small for gestational age piglet model
The gut immaturity of small for gestational age (SGA) infants predisposes these infants to gastrointestinal diseases like necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). A SGA piglet model was used to investigate the influences of birth weight and diet on the development of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and …
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Administration of arginine does not alter material circulating concentration of C-type natriuretic peptide in pregnant sheep: A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science with Honours
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) circulates at higher levels in the circulation of ewes pregnant with multiple fetuses than in those with singletons. Because parenteral administration of arginine can mitigate the nutritional constraint that occurs in multi-fetal pregnancies, it was hypothesised …