Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 32 for “"Intestinal stem cells"”.
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Characterization of Fasting-Induced p21 Expression and Protection of Intestinal Stem Cells
… of <italic>p21</italic>, imaging of reporter cells demonstrated that p53 prevented the ERK/MAPK pathway from activating <italic>p21</italic> expression when quiescent cells were stimulated with serum to re-enter the cell cycle. In addition, low light bioluminescence imaging identified …
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Wolbachia colonization in drosophila midguts and its effects on intestinal stem cells
… in a pattern similar to the arrangement of intestinal stem cell (ISC) clones. These results led us to hypothesize that Wolbachia colonizes Drosophila midguts by infecting intestinal progenitor cells and spreading vertically to their progeny with limited lateral transmission between …
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Identifying novel roles for basement membrane-associated proteins in the adult Drosophila intestinal epithelium
… relies on the functionality of resident stem and progenitor cells, which must divide and differentiate in a way that precisely meets tissue requirements. To achieve this, cells integrate an array of information, including chemical, mechanical and adhesion-based cues, which collectively …
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Ontogeny and biological function of epithelial cells in the chicken yolk sac and small intestine
… chicken. Additionally, both chicken small intestinal epithelia and the yolk sac secrete beta defensins for promoting intestinal health. Since there are heterogeneous cell types along the mammalian intestinal villus, which are derived from the intestinal stem cells in the crypts, we …
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Krupple-Like Factor 4 Regulation in Intestinal Epithelial Differentiation, Proliferation and Polarity
… is predominantly expressed in the epithelial cells that are fully differentiated in normal intestine. In colorectal cancer, KLF4 was identified as a tumor suppressor; it is also a stem cell factor that along with other factors can induce pluripotent stem cells. KLF4 knockout mice demonstrate …
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Laminar Flow-Based Microchemical Systems for Power Generation, Electrochemical Synthesis, and Biological Cell Studies
… laminar flow is used in microfluidic systems for (1) biocatalytic synthesis of fine chemicals by microscale-enabled efficient regeneration of cofactors, as well as for (2) the study of intestinal stem cells on a surface that mimics their in vivo environment. In the first system, the …
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Epigenetic Memory of Mouse Intestinal Inflammation
… can cause regular injury. Fortunately, the small intestinal epithelium has a remarkable capacity to repair itself after severe injury, due to the abundance of highly replicative stem cells housed in the intestinal crypt regions. Much remains to be understood about the activation processes of the …
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Telomeric Regulation of Chromosomal Instability In Colorectal Cancer
… accelerated differentiation of neighboring stem cells, resulting in increased number of adenomas and decreased survival in CIN-high <em>Apc<sup>min</sup> </em>mice. Mechanistically, CIN represses EZH2 leading to upregulation of secreted Wnt antagonists, which resulted in a growth advantage …
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Integrity of the Barrier Epithelium in Drosophila Gut is Mediated by Factors That Regulate Intestinal Stem Cell Activity
<p>My thesis work on the Drosophila intestinal epithelium (IE) involved characterizing the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), validating proliferation specific regulatory genes, and proposing gut barrier function–specific genes as regulators of commensal bacteria density. The results …
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Spatiotemporal dynamics of cell division in intestinal homeostasis
Intestinal homeostasis is governed by fate choices of stem cells residing in the intestinal crypt base. This must involve niche-specific co-ordination of cell division to guarantee that epithelial cells divide at the right time and place. These mechanisms operate to ensure precise control of the …
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OVEREXPRESSION OR REDUCED BIOAVAILABILITY OF VEGF DURING MOUSE POST-NATAL INTESTINAL DEVELOPMENT ALTERS THE PROLIFERATION OF INTESTINAL STEM CELL PROGENITOR CELLS
… homologs, yet they do not possess endothelial cells or a vascular system indicating that VEGF might have other primitive roles. In this current study we investigated how VEGF affects the post-natal development of the intestinal epithelial by either overexpressing VEGF or by reducing the …
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The Regulation of Dna Methylation In Mammalian Development and Cancer
… with various human diseases. For example, cancer cells usually show global hypomethylation and regional hypermenthylation, which have been implicated in genomic instability and tumor suppressor silencing, respectively. Although great progress has been made in elucidating the biological functions …
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Role of The Immune System In The Modulation of The Mmr-Deficient Intestinal Stem Cell Niche
… Repair (MMR) is a crucial DNA repair system to maintain genomic integrity in cells that is integrated by specific genes including <em>MLH1</em>, <em>MSH2</em>, <em>MSH6</em>, and <em>PMS2. </em>These genes play a critical role in repairing errors that occur in base pairing by stabilizing …
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Fasting Reduces Intestinal Radiotoxicity Enabling Dose-Escalated Radiotherapy For Pancreatic Cancer
… (RT). Unfortunately, this can cause severe gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity due to proximity of the pancreatic head to the duodenum. Protecting the intestine from the toxic side-effects of radiation may enable dose-escalation that could achieve more effective local control of disease. We and others …
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The Hippo Signaling Pathway in Organ Size Control and Regeneraton
… other two sites. The recent identification of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) has made the Drosophila adult midgut an excellent model to study adult stem cell biology. Multiple signaling pathways have been implicated in the regulation of ISC proliferation, self-renewal and differentiation. I …
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Targeting the intestinal stem cell niche through energy and metabolism signaling, for colorectal cancer chemoprevention using aspirin and metformin
… evidence indicates that overnutrition increases ‘stemness’: the ability of intestinal stem cells to self-renew or differentiate. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, a central metabolic regulator, is elevated in CRC and modulates stem cell response to nutrients. Therefore, …
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Quantifying Intestinal Stem Cell Dynamics Using Microsatellite Sequencing
The intestinal epithelium is rapidly renewing throughout life. A population of stem cells exist within the intestinal crypt that drive rapid cell renewal and replace each other by a pattern of neutral drift. Perturbation of these dynamics through oncogenic mutation can predispose the epithelium to …
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A Novel Genetic Platform to Study Intestinal Tumorigenesis in Drosophila
Epithelial tissues rely on the activity of stem cells to sustain their structure and proper functioning. These stem cells are responsible for generating various types of cells, that are essential for the tissue's normal homeostasis, through division and differentiation. In order to ensure precise …
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Dissecting the Mechanisms and the Nutritional Requirements of the Expansion of Normal and Tumorigenic Intestinal Stem Cell Lineages in Drosophila melanogaster
… by injury and senescence. To replenish lost cells, adult tissue must contain a cellular reserve to maintain homeostasis. For example, adult stem cells exhibit two unique properties, self-renewal and potency, that make them well suited for this role. Tight regulatory control of stem cell …
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The origin and properties of pro-oncogenic fields in the intestinal epithelium
Abstract: The intestinal epithelium is maintained by intestinal stem cells that replace each other stochastically over time. Stem cells that are excluded from the stem cell pool will differentiate into the absorptive or secretory cell lineages. However, intestinal cell-fate specification is not …
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