Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 52 for “"Insulin signalling"”.
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The Impact of Insulin signalling on a C. elegans Alzheimer’s Disease Model
… study explores the interaction between AD and insulin signalling by employing a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model overexpressing human amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides, a hallmark of AD pathology. My findings reveal that C. elegans overexpressing Aβ exhibit phenotypes, including impaired …
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Exploring the Importance of PREX Proteins in Glucose Homeostasis and Insulin Signalling
… shown to regulate the thermogenic capacity and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes, whereas PREX2 was reported to mediate glucose tolerance, possibly through its adaptor function as an inhibitor of the tumour suppressor PTEN. The aims of this project were to explore the importance of …
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LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT KINASE 2 (LRRK2) AT THE CROSSROAD OF INSULIN SIGNALLING AND PARKINSON S DISEASE
… a link between PD development and defective insulin signalling, but the reason is still unknown. Interestingly, besides being expressed in the CNS, LRRK2 plays a crucial role also in the periphery. Noteworthy, LRRK2 is found in several insulin-sensitive tissues including muscle and adipose …
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Effects of hypothyroidism on pancreatic islet development and tissue insulin signalling pathways in the ovine fetus
… by changes in pancreatic islet development and insulin signalling in fetal tissues. In nineteen twin-bearing pregnant ewes at 105-110 days of gestation (dGA; term~145dGA) and under general anaesthesia, one fetus was thyroidectomised, while the other was sham-operated. At either 129 or 143dGA, …
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The Role of Leucine and Its Metabolite (KIC) in Insulin Signalling and Glucose Transport in L6 Myotubes
… have also been implicated in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study examines the dose-dependent effect of leucine in the presence or absence of other amino acids on glucose transport in L6 rat myotubes. Here we report that leucine significantly …
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The effects of maternal diets, varying in fat content, on proximal hepatic and skeletal muscle insulin signalling in neonatal wistar rat offspring
… with pancreatic β cell dysfunction and insulin resistance in peripheral tissues such as the liver and skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle is the major site for insulin stimulated glucose uptake. Maintenance on a gestational high fat diet may programme insulin resistance. Programming is …
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Therapeutic Approaches to Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes
… disorder primarily caused by a systemic insulin resistant state to which obesity is a major contributor. Increasing visceral adipose tissue augments adipokine secretion provoking an enduring low-grade inflammatory response that negatively impacts on the insulin signalling cascade. In an …
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Exploring a Nuclear Insulin Receptor Signalling Pathway in Drosophila Neural Stem Cells
The insulin receptor (InR) is a central regulator of metabolism, growth, and proliferation in both humans and *Drosophila*. Integrating a range of signals, InR coordinates pleiotropic, tissue‐specific outputs. Neural stem cells (NSCs) give rise to the vast range of cell types that comprise the …
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The Role of Mouse Placental Endocrine Function on Offspring Metabolic Health
… metabolic health is unknown. To study this, Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 (Igf2), known to be important in controlling the formation and function of placental endocrine cells, was conditionally knocked down in the mouse placental endocrine zone (junctional zone, Jz; paternally inherited …
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Metabolic regulation of human vascular endothelial cell function in vitro
… by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Insulin is a vasoactive hormone that exerts its vasodilatory effects through eNOS-mediated NO production. Endothelial function is impaired in a number of disorders, including insulin resistance, diabetes and atherosclerosis, leading to dysregulated …
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Investigating Invadolysin's activity: discerning mechanism and cellular roles
… previous observations in the laboratory that the insulin-signalling pathway is impaired in invadolysin mutant animals – with the hypothesis that invadolysin plays a role in metabolism and adipogenesis. I used Drosophila to study the effect on downstream targets of the insulin-signalling pathway …
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An exploration into the proteins that regulate skeletal muscle lipid metabolism
… metabolites that contribute to skeletal muscle insulin resistance and ultimately progression to type 2 diabetes (T2D). People with T2D display low levels of IMTG turnover in comparison to insulin sensitive and trained individuals. IMTG stores are used as an energy substrate during 1 h of …
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The effects of linoleate on insulin action in skeletal muscle cells
… mechanism for the negative feedback control of insulin signalling involves the inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 by its prior serine/threonine (ser/thr) phosphorylation. IRS-1 ser/thr phosphorylation has been linked to the dissociation of IRS-1 from the insulin receptor and PI3K, …
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Investigation of potential intervention targets to improve insulin action: a therapeutic approach
Impaired insulin action (insulin resistance) is a key factor in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. To investigate therapeutic targets against insulin resistance, this thesis explores the mechanism of action of pharmacological agents and exogenous peptides known or suspected to modify insulin …
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Exercise-induced protection against insulin resistance and type 11 diabetes : the role of calcium
… exercise protects individuals against developing insulin resistance and type II diabetes. This effect of exercise does not appear to be due to an improvement in the insulin signalling pathway but instead due to an increase in the content of the insulin-regulatable glucose transporter (GLUT4) in …
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Dynamic subcellular proteomics identifies novel regulators of adipocyte insulin action
Insulin acts on adipocytes to control whole-body lipid and glucose metabolism. Following binding to its receptor on adipocytes, insulin activates a signalling cascade that promotes glucose uptake and inhibits lipolysis. These processes rely on changes in protein localisation. For example, insulin …
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The effects of resistance training on individuals with clusters of metabolic risk factors: focus on functional capacities, clinical outcomes and quality of life
… study investigated the effects of RT on the insulin signalling proteins, Akt (protein kinase B) and Akt substrate of 160 kDa (AS 160), and muscle glycogen stores for individuals with HiMF or LoMF.
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The impact of glucocorticoids upon the insulin sensitivity of skeletal muscle
… obesity, hypertension, proximal myopathy, insulin resistance and in some cases overt type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the precise molecular mechanisms responsible for these observation have not been defined in detail. We have shown that GCs reduce the insulin sensitivity of skeletal muscle …
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Characterisation of the role of mitochondrial dysfunction and meta-inflammation as a shared pathogenic network in gestational diabetes mellitus
… pathology is considered a state of exaggerated insulin resistance in pregnancy, mediated by pancreatic beta cell insufficiency, adipose dysregulation and systemic meta-inflammation. Although the pathophysiology of GDM is complex, adipose tissue dysfunction is an established cause of metabolic …
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Genomic and metabolomic interrogation of body composition and insulin resistance endotypes
… in which the complex metabolic interplay among insulin-sensitive tissues can go awry. Current clinical classification remains imprecise, however, relying on broad constructs (obesity, type 2 diabetes, BMI thresholds) that do not reliably distinguish underlying mechanisms. One way to inform …
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