Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 20 for “"Insulin Stimulation"”.
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Phosphorylation of Skeletal Muscle Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Phosphatase in Response to Insulin Stimulation
… PDP2 undergo covalent activation in response to insulin–stimulation by protein kinase C delta (PKCδ). Our objective was to examine the effect of insulin on PDP phosphorylation and PDH activation in skeletal muscle. Intact rat extensor digitorum longus muscles were incubated (oxygenated at 25°C, …
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The Effect of Weight Reduction on Chronic Inflammatory Molecules and Insulin Resistance in type 2 DM
Type 2 Diabetes mellitus(DM) is characterized by insulin resistance. Recently, defects in the insulin-signaling cascade have been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Also obesity is a metabolic disease and insulin resistance is a pathogenesis of obesity. So obesity is correlated …
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The effect of lifestyle modification on the insulin-signaling cascade among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance
… glucose tolerance(IGT) is characterized by insulin resistance and lifestyle modification is considered to have positive effects on glycemic control and reducing the risk of diabetes. Recently, defects in the insulin-signaling cascade, especially PI-3 kinase pathway, have been implicated in …
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Ruolo della PLCγ1 e della PKCε nel differenziamento miogenico
… Studies on signalling through the insulin/IGF-1 receptors in muscle differentiation have revealed that PLCγ1 is involved during this process and that both mRNA and protein levels were increased during myogenesis. Based on increasing signal transduction pathways that required both …
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P-REX2 PH Domain Inhibition of PTEN Regulates Transformation, Insulin Signaling, and Glucose Homeostasis
… was not affected by P-rex2 deletion. However, insulin and IGF-1, but not PDGF or EGF stimulated PI3K signaling was reduced in Prex2-/- fibroblasts. The activity of PTEN from Prex2+/+ fibroblasts was reduced following insulin stimulation, but remained elevated in Prex2-/- cells, suggesting that …
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The impact of glucocorticoids upon the insulin sensitivity of skeletal muscle
… obesity, hypertension, proximal myopathy, insulin resistance and in some cases overt type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the precise molecular mechanisms responsible for these observation have not been defined in detail. We have shown that GCs reduce the insulin sensitivity of skeletal muscle …
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Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 Serine Phosphorylation by a Novel Phosphatidylinositol-3'-Kinase-Associated Serine Kinase Regulates Insulin and Interferon Receptor Signaling
… and reduce its ability to act as a substrate for insulin and interferon alpha (IFNalpha) receptors. PI 3-kinase is shown to associate with a wortmannin insensitive 76 kDa serine phosphoprotein (pp76) distinct from the p85 subunit of PI 3-kinase. pp76 is phosphorylated by an okadaic acid sensitive, …
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Systemic Insulin Sensitivity and Skeletal Muscle Akt Signaling in Rats Artificially Selected for Low and High Aerobic Capacity
… capacity is associated with reduced systemic insulin sensitivity via skeletal muscle insulin signaling. After 34 generations of selective breeding, high aerobic capacity (HCR) rats exhibited an 8-fold increase in running distance vs low aerobic capacity (LCR) rats (n=14 per group). LCR rats …
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Hormonal regulation of phosphodiesterase 3B in adipocytes
Insulin induced activation of the cAMP degrading enzyme phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3B in adipocytes is important for insulin mediated inhibition of lipolysis. The aim of this thesis was to contribute with knowledge on the acute activation of PDE3B in response to insulin and catecholamines in …
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Metabolic regulation of human vascular endothelial cell function in vitro
… by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Insulin is a vasoactive hormone that exerts its vasodilatory effects through eNOS-mediated NO production. Endothelial function is impaired in a number of disorders, including insulin resistance, diabetes and atherosclerosis, leading to dysregulated …
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Ruolo della fosfolipasi C-β1 nel differenziamento miogenico: identificazione di nuovi target nucleari
… the catalytic activity. We show that following insulin administration, cyclin D3 mRNA levels are lower in cells overexpressing the PLC-β1 catalytically inactive form, as compared to wild type cells. We describe a novel signaling pathway elicited by PLC-β1 that modulates Activator Protein-1 …
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Molecular analysis of insulin action using high throughput genetic screens
The insulin-stimulated uptake of glucose by muscle and adipose is vital for the maintenance of glucose homeostasis in the body. This uptake primarily occurs through the action of the insulin-regulatable glucose transporter GLUT4, which is rapidly translocated to the plasma membrane in response to …
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A Role for Insulin Signaling in Regulating the PTEN Tumour Suppressor in Caenorhabditis Elegans
… mellitus (T2DM) patients have elevated levels of insulin. Hyperinsulinemia is a major cancer risk factor in T2DM individuals and activated insulin receptor (IR) has been linked to many types of cancer and poor survival. However, the mechanisms that account for the link between the hyper-active …
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Myocardial insulin resistance in experimental uraemia
… Progression of LVH leads to the development of insulin resistance, a feature common to CKD and heart failure, further jeopardising survival of the uraemic heart.The aim of this thesis was to investigate the effect of uraemia on cardiac physiology, function and metabolism. Specifically, the aim …
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Regulation of PPARgamma Activity by mTOR in Adipogenesis
… was specifically inhibited by rapamycin upon insulin stimulation. I demonstrate that PPARgamma activity is dependent on amino acid sufficiency, revealing a molecular link between nutrient status and adipogenesis. I propose a model in which the mTOR pathway and the PI3K/Akt pathway act in …
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A simple and effective model to study insulin resistance in obesity and diabetes and the processes and mechanisms of in vitro aging using lymphocyte culture
… used as a model system to study the mechanism of insulin resistance (obesity/diabetes) as well as the process of aging of cells from the immune system. Our results indicate that metabolic differences can be observed in lymphocytes from obese subjects and that different degrees of alteration in …
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Effects of naringenin on glucose uptake in L6 skeletal muscle cells
Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of inadequate insulin action and consequent high blood glucose levels. Type 2 diabetes accounts for the majority of cases of the disease and is characterized by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency resulting in metabolic deregulation. It is a complex …
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Characterization of the Mechanism of PPARγ-Mediated Neointima Formation in Rodents
… the carotid artery in the rat non-injury model. Stimulation of PLD2 protects the carotid artery from PPARγ-mediated neointima formation. Consistent with this, inhibition of PLD2 activity using a PLD inhibitor, 5-fluoro-2-indolyl des-chlorohalopemide, diminishes the protective effect of insulin. …
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Insulin and TOR pathways regulate cellular and organismal growth through the myc oncogene in Drosophila
… in both mice and Drosophila the involvement of Insulin pathway in growth regulation, probably due to its role in glucose and lipid import, nutrient storage, and translation of RNAs implicated in ribosome biogenesis (Vanhaesebroeck et al. 2001). Moreover several lines of evidence implicate this …
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An in vitro study of the effects of free fatty acids on insulin mediated glucose uptake and metabolism by myocytes and fibroblast derived adipocytes
… peripheral glucose disposal in response to insulin. Insulin resistance reduces the ability to clear glucose from the circulation resulting in hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia with the development of T2D. High levels of plasma free fatty acids (FFAs), particulary saturated FFAs such as …