Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 23 for “"Insulin Resistance (IR)"”.
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Association of Fat Oxidation and Insulin Resistance in Prepubertal Children
… the relationship between fat oxidation and insulin resistance (IR) may provide vital clues to the mechanisms behind the development of metabolic disease in prepubertal children. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of fat oxidation with insulin resistance (IR) and insulin …
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Investigating the Biological Effects of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Extract on Skeletal Muscle Glucose Uptake
… in maintaining glucose homeostasis and impairments in this tissue leads to insulin resistance (IR). Activation of 5’ AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) is viewed as a targeted approach to counteract IR. Rosemary extract (RE) has been reported to decrease blood glucose levels but its effects on SKM …
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Microvascular endothelial function in a multi-ethnic group of apparently healthy South African men and women: Implications for testing and the relationship between insulin resistance and microvascular reactivity
… population. Moreover, it has been shown that insulin resistance is associated with microvascular endothelial dysfunction in obese persons4, but it is unclear whether this relationship is mediated by body fat in apparently healthy individuals with and without insulin resistance. To our …
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Effects of Rosemary Extract and Rosemary Extract Polyphenols on Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance
Skeletal muscle, a major target tissue of insulin, accounts for ~80% of postprandial glucose disposal and plays a significant role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. Insulin increases muscle glucose uptake by increasing the translocation of intracellularly stored GLUT4 glucose transporters …
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Effect of non-esterified fatty acids on insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk in polycystic ovary syndrome
Introduction: Insulin resistance (IR) and obesity coexist in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and contribute to increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. An intrinsic insulin signalling defect is present in skeletal muscle of PCOS and it affects insulin mediated glucose transport in …
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Effects of exercise and phytoestrogens on white adipose tissue health in estrogen deficient rodents
… been linked to systemic metabolic dysfunction, insulin resistance (IR), and white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation increasing susceptibility for cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and many types of cancer. Ovariectomy (OVX) in rodents, a model of human menopause, is associated with …
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PKC-δ and Insulin Resistance in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Effect of Vitamin D
… morbid steatohepatitis (NASH) that can lead to cirrhosis and even to hepatocellular carcinoma. Its prevalence in the Western World is about 30%. Insulin resistance dominates the pathogenesis of NAFLD and its complications. Serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS) has been one of …
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Lipoprotein lipidomics in obesity-associated metabolic and hepatic disorders
… proportions. Obesity is strongly associated with insulin resistance (IR), hyperglycaemia, mixed dyslipidaemia, and hypertension. These metabolic risk factors, grouped under the definition of the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Non-alcoholic fatty liver …
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Determining the role of differential expression of candidate icroRNAs in cardiometabolic diseases among South African adults living with HIV
Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are potential prognostic/diagnostic markers that have been investigated for screening of cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk in general populations. However, little is known about their value in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH), who have an …
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Evaluation of metabolic and cardiovascular actions of [Pyr1]apelin-13 in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus
… (high blood glucose) resulting from insulin resistance (IR) and insulin insufficiency. Type 2 diabetes mellitus and related complications present a significant cause of morbidity and mortality and there is an urgent need to identify novel pathways that may ultimately lead to the …
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A influência da perda de peso no perfil inflamatório de mulheres com síndrome dos ovários policísticos
… disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance (IR), visceral obesity, chronic low-grade inflammation and dyslipidemia. Due to the high frequency of obesity associated with PCOS, weight loss is considered as the first-line treatment for the syndrome by improving metabolic and …
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Insulin Resistance and Inflammation in Neurodegeneration: Lessons from in vitro Models
… linked. Both share common etiologies such as insulin resistance (IR) and chronic inflammation. While it was once believed that the brain was not susceptible to the peripheral environment, it has now been demonstrated that systemic conditions impact the brain, especially so in metabolic …
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Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in Adolescents with Overweight and Obesity: The Moderating Influence of Physical Activity, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Metabolic Health
… physical activity (PA) and innate cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) influence LVDF in adolescents. From these data, it was also aimed to identify a PA target that might be sufficient to prevent adolescent impaired LVDF. To demonstrate the need for a focus on LVDF in this age group, Study 1 was …
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Ethnic specific associations between body composition and metabolic risk and the role of sex hormones and aromatase among black and white South African women
… (CYP19A), and body fat distribution and insulin resistance (IR) among black and white women (study 2).Methods: Study 1: In 288 black and 197 white premenopausal women, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and computed tomography (CT) derived measures of body fat distribution and …
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Flavonol kaempferol in the regulation of glucose homeostasis in diabetes
… Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a result of chronic insulin resistance (IR) and loss of β-cell mass and function. Therefore, the search for naturally occurring, low-cost, and safe compounds that could enhance insulin sensitivity and protect functional β-cell mass can be an effective …
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Cardiovascular Effects of Metformin on Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Nondiabetic Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
… in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) irrespective, of blood pressure (BP) and is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events including myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke and arrhythmias. Previous studies of mainly antihypertensive …
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Skeletal Muscle Substrate Metabolism following a High Fat Diet in Sedentary and Endurance Trained Males
Insulin resistance (IR), T2DM, and obesity together form a cluster of interrelated metabolic challenges that may be linked by metabolic inflexibility. Metabolic inflexibility is characterized by the resistance to switching substrate oxidation preference based on substrate availability and can be …
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Genomic and metabolomic interrogation of body composition and insulin resistance endotypes
… in which the complex metabolic interplay among insulin-sensitive tissues can go awry. Current clinical classification remains imprecise, however, relying on broad constructs (obesity, type 2 diabetes, BMI thresholds) that do not reliably distinguish underlying mechanisms. One way to inform …
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Spectrum, progression and predictors of morbidity in perinatally HIV-infected adolescents on antiretroviral therapy
… with HIV due to improved early access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is contributing to a growing population of adolescents living with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV+) at risk of developing chronic multisystem comorbidity. There is limited knowledge on the overall burden, progression and …
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Temporal changes in the cardiometabolic disease risk profile of the Bellville south mixed-ancestry community between 2008/09 AND 2014/16
… changes in cardiometabolic risk factors and their behavioural, socio-demographic, and lifestyle determinants. This thesis aimed to determine the temporal changes between 2008/09 and 2014/16 in (1) absolute blood pressure levels and hypertension prevalence; (2) distribution and change in obesity …
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