Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 102 for “"Innate immune responses"”.
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Host modulation of excessive innate immune responses
A fundamental role of the innate immune system is to elicit a proper response against both invading pathogens and tissue damage or danger signals. Although the innate immune system often is successful in eliminating danger, an excessive host-response can result in severe tissue injury. Factors that …
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Determinants of innate immune responses to mycobacteria
Innate cells such as macrophages, monocytes, myeloid dendritic cells and granulocytes recognise mycobacteria and initiate immune responses such as phagocytosis, cytokine production and expression of maturation markers. The type and magnitude of innate responses to mycobacteria may determine the …
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Regulation of innate immune responses to Leishmania braziliensis infection
… ML is characterized by excessive T and B cell responses to the parasite, which contribute to inflammation and tissue destruction. Since our understanding of how Lb parasites interact with dendritic cells (DCs) is limited, the present dissertation was aimed at studying the immune processes that …
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Innate Immune Responses in the Alternaria-Dendritic Cell Interaction
… components of the spore cell wall to stimulate innate immune responses. We found that BMDCs were highly sensitive to A. alternata spores, chitin and the major allergen Alt a 1. Following stimulation with these molecules, the expression of MHC II and other co-stimulators, like CD40, CD86, and …
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Nod1 and Nod2 in Innate Immune Responses, Adaptive Immunity and Bacterial Infection
… a number of seminal discoveries in the field of innate immunity. The discovery that microbial molecules and endogenous danger signals can be detected by germ-line encoded receptors has changed the way we study the immune system. Indeed, the characterization of Toll in Drosophila as a sensor of …
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Mild traumatic brain injury augments innate immune responses through neurokinin and cholinergic signaling
… investigated the effect of neuronal signaling on innate immune function. To test whether any mild injury primes host immune responses to pneumonia, we generated a mild tail trauma (TT) model. mTBI mice showed protection from bacterial pneumonia while TT mice did not. Using an FDA-approved …
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BETACORONAVIRUSES OPTIMIZE REPLICATION BY BALANCING ANTAGONISM OF INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSES AND ER STRESS RESPONSES
… – a viral replication intermediate - sensing innate immune pathways and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways. Here, we compare infections of respiratory tract derived cell lines with three betacoronaviruses representing different viral subgenera and different disease outcomes in infected …
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Ubiquitylation regulates vesicle trafficking and innate immune responses on the phagosome of inflammatory macrophages
… which upon activation induce appropriate responses. These responses need to be tightly regulated in order to destroy pathogens but prevent uncontrolled inflammation. Phagocytosis is an evolutionarily conserved process required for host defence and homeostasis. During phagocytosis, …
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Ecology of Hantaviruses in Rodent Reservoirs and Their Early Innate Immune Responses in Human Model Systems
… I established approaches to evaluate the early innate immune response in primary lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVECs) with pathogenic and nonpathogenic hantaviruses. Surprisingly, my findings challenged some of the current dogma in that there were not dramatic difference between …
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Cellular innate immune responses to lung resection via video- assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and thoracotomy : predictors of post-operative pneumonia
… response following lung resection, in particular innate immune cells, was investigated and used to identify biomarkers for post-operative pneumonia. Comparison of inflammatory responses to resection undertaken by video-assisted thorascopic surgery (VATS) and thoracotomy was also evaluated. …
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Modulation of innate immune responses in nasopharyngeal epithelial cells by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded latent membrane proteins LMP2A and LMP2B
… and to alter the turnover of certain classes of immune receptors. Viral infection of the host cell triggers the innate immune system to promote and sustain the initiation of an anti-viral state. Viruses have developed immune evasion strategies to counteract the effects of this immune response and …
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The role of platelets in the pathogenesis of and immunity to helminth infections
… and regulate a vast variety of immunologic responses. Little is known on the role of platelets in helminth infections, despite our understanding that many helminth species cause significant vascular pathology as they transfer from the circulatory system to diverse tissues as part of their …
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Modulation of Innate Immune Cell Signaling Pathways by Staphylococcus aureus and Omnigen-AF®
… is to provide information about and improve innate immune responses to infection. Infection can result in host cell apoptosis or programmed cell death. Many pathogens can inhibit apoptosis; thereby acquiring a replicative niche, a reprieve from immune responses, and an escape from treatments. …
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STING safeguards epithelial genome integrity and protects from carcinogenesis via mitotic checkpoint control
… is widely recognized as a central mediator of innate immune responses to cytosolic DNA. However, whether cGAS-STING directly coordinates DNA damage response in non-immune cells and thereby contributes to cell-intrinsic prevention of oncogenesis is not known. The present work uncovers a novel …
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A study of immune responses during antiviral treatment for hepatitis C virus infection
… by a failure of HCV specific T cell responses caused by viral escape and T cell exhaustion considered to be mediated by constant antigen stimulation. Hepatitis C virus has developed strategies to escape innate immune responses leading to chronic infection in the face of ongoing innate …
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The involvement of IRAK-1 in the regulation of NFATc2 in T cells
… protein kinase pivotal in mediating signals for innate immune responses. Here, I report that IRAK-1 also regulates cell-mediated immune responses. NFATc2 (nuclear factor of activated T cells) was found to be associated with IRAK-1 in T cells in vitro and its activity was elevated in the absence …
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Elucidation of the roles of PTN and ISG15 in RSV cytopathogenesis: possible biomarkers of severe disease?
… of results from these models to human responses is of limited value. Study of autopsy specimens from infants who succumbed to RSV infection identified that the infection is restricted primarily to the airway epithelium. As such, research aimed at detecting innate immune responses of …
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Innate immunity in Zika Virus infection and neurogenesis deficits
… to ZIKV. Microglia are the first and major innate immune defenders of the brain. They arise exclusively from the progenitor cells in the embryonic yolk sac (YS) and migrate to the fetal brain during a restricted time window. Microglia from the brain are able to transmit the virus to NS/PCs …
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Rgg2/Rgg3 Quorum Sensing in Streptococcus pyogenes and Innate Immune Cell Responses
The immune system and microbial pathogens work against each other in many ways resulting in a never-ending dance. This thesis investigates the relationship between macrophages, a type of innate immune cell, and Streptococcus pyogenes, an important human pathogen. In Chapter 2 of this thesis, it is …
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Neural stem cells respond to extracellular succinate via SUCNR1/GPR91 to ameliorate chronic neuroinflammation
… diseases, in part by modulating adaptive and innate immune responses. Since metabolism governs the phenotype and function of immune cells, the aim of this thesis was to investigate whether NSCs have the ability to regulate the immunometabolic components underpinning neuroinflammation. Herein I …
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