Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 22 for “"Infectious Medicine"”.
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Hepatitis C virus infection in patients receiving opiate substitution therapy in Sweden.
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a blood borne virus effectively spread through injection practices. Consequently, people who inject drugs (PWID) are at the center of the current HCV epidemic in industrialized countries, with regards both to prevalence and incidence. Through progressive liver …
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Novel innate immune functions of saliva
The innate immune system in humans has succeeded in developing numerous mechanisms against the injurious effects of bacteria, along with their toxins as a result of several thousand years of co-evolution. The oral mucosal surface represents such a unique environment, where despite being constantly …
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Host modulation of excessive innate immune responses
A fundamental role of the innate immune system is to elicit a proper response against both invading pathogens and tissue damage or danger signals. Although the innate immune system often is successful in eliminating danger, an excessive host-response can result in severe tissue injury. Factors that …
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Dynamics of HIV coreceptors and their utilization by plasma and cerebrospinal fluid HIV-1 isolates
HIV-1 infection of CD4+ immune cells requires the assistance of cellular coreceptors. The regulation of these receptors is highly dynamic. In addition to the major coreceptors, CCR5 and CXCR4, several alternative coreceptors mediate entry for selected HIV isolates in vitro, although their role in …
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Inflammation, kinins, and kinin receptors
… harm to own cells and tissues. Successful infectious agents have evolved an enormous repertoire of modulatory mechanisms that allow the evasion, re-direction, dampening, over-stimulation, and even the use of inflammatory responses for their own purposes. The contact system, which is studied …
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Bacterial modulation of host glycosylation - in infection, biotechnology, and therapy
A majority of the proteins of the immune system are glycosylated and the glycans of IgG are essential for its functionality. Bacteria display enzymes that modulate the glycans of the immune system to weaken the host defense and favor bacterial survival. In this thesis we aimed at exploring …
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Streptococcal virulence and the coagulation system.
This thesis explores streptococcal virulence from both mechanistic and evolutionary perspectives, where the mechanistic studies focus on interactions with the human coagulation system. We describe interactions between streptococcal surface proteins and components of the intrinsic pathway of …
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Phagocytosis by neutrophils - studies on phagosome dynamics and membrane traffic modulation by Streptococcus pyogenes
Neutrophils are our most numerous and deadly white blood cells and without them we would succumb quickly to infections by pathogens. The main mechanism that the neutrophils employ for our protection is phagocytosis, where they eat and enclose their target inside a membrane-bound organelle, the …
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Epidermal Reactions to Injury with Implications for Innate Immunity
Abstract The epidermis is one of our primary interfaces towards the external milieu. Following injury, the physical barrier function of the skin is destroyed and the epidermis is left vulnerable to microbial invasion. Inducible innate immune response mechanisms exist to keep the wound site free …
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Molecular and microscopical analysis of pathogenic streptococci - studies on surface proteins interacting with human cells and extracellular matrix
Association to specific host tissue structures allows pathogenic bacteria to establish an infection and facilitates the spread within its host. Interactions between bacterial surface structures and human proteins might determine the outcome of the infection. Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes), is …
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Protein FOG at the interface between G streptococci and human host defence lines
Group G streptococci (GGS) may be of four different species and may infect humans and also animals. S. dysgalactiae equisimilis most commonly cause human GGS infections. These bacteria are part of the normal flora, but can cause pharyngitis, erysipelas and impetigo. In the immunocompromised host …
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Aspects of Tuberculosis and HIV Coinfection in Patients at Ethiopian Health Centers
… and tuberculosis (TB) remain the two most common infectious causes of death worldwide. During the recent decade antiretroviral treatment (ART) has become available for millions of people living with HIV (PLHIV) globally; yet more than half of PLHIV have not yet initiated ART. In order to achieve …
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Invasive disease by Haemophilus influenzae in Sweden in the era of the H. influenzae type b vaccine
What is the current status of Haemophilus influenzae as an agent of invasive infection in Sweden? H. influenzae type b (Hib) used to be a common cause of meningitis, epiglottitis and severe sepsis in young children. In the late 1980’s an effective conjugated vaccine against Hib was developed and a …
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Antimicrobial activity of human seminal plasma and seminal plasma proteins
Seminal plasma is semen without the spermatozoa. Human seminal plasma is a complex mixture of secretions from the sex accessory glands, mainly the seminal vesicles and the prostate. Seminal plasma has high protein content and it also contains ions, sugars and low molecular weight components. …
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Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Duration of Carriage
In human medicine, the most important family of bacteria is Enterobacteriaceae, which includes genera and species that cause well-defined diseases and also nosocomial infections. These bacteria can give rise to numerous infections such as septicaemia and urinary tract infections. It is important to …
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D-arabinitol in the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis
Invasive candidiasis (IC) is a serious condition and timely diagnosis with early initiation of antifungal therapy is imerative for improving outcomes. Arabinitol is a sugar alcohol with two stereoisomers, D-arabinitol (DA) and L-arabintiol (LA). Several pathogenic Candida species produce DA in …
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"A syndrome so characteristic" Molecular and clinical studies of Fusobacterium necrophorum and Lemierre's syndrome
Lemierre’s syndrome is caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum and involves tonsillitis, jugular vein thrombophlebitis and septic pulmonary emboli. The first studies underlying this thesis focused on bacterial interaction with coagulation. The contact system initiates the intrinsic pathway of …
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On the induction of inflammatory reactions by Streptococcus pyogenes
Streptococcus pyogenes is an important human pathogen that causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. In order to successfully infect the human host, S. pyogenes is equipped with tools that modulate the human immune defence. The present thesis explores how different streptococcal …
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Streptococcus pyogenes - a manipulator of human defences
Streptococcus pyogenes is a major human pathogen with more than 500 000 casualties annually of which at least 163 000 are due to invasive infections. The remainder is due to post-streptococcal complications with rheu¬matic heart disease constituting the majority. S. pyogenes also causes milder …
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Respiratory Tract Infections: Aspects of Aetiology, Virulence, and Communicable Disease Control
The paediatric nasopharyngeal flora is regarded as the largest reservoir for Streptococcus pneumoniae, and the carrier state is always antecedent to infection and a prerequisite for dispersion of these bacteria. Pneumococci are the predominant aetiology of bacterial respiratory tract infections and …
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