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Showing 1 to 20 of 25 for “"In-situ FTIR"”.
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Spectroscopic and Kinetic Studies of Hydrodenitrogenation and Hydrodesulfurization over Supported Nickel Phosphide (Ni₂P)
… of Ni₂P catalysts and their application in hydrodesulfurization (HDS) and hydrodenitrogenation (HDN). The work carried out includes synthesis of Ni₂P on different siliceous supports, SiO2 and MCM-41. It also includes characterization of these catalytic materials using X-ray diffraction …
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Understanding the pathway and mechanism of electrolyte decomposition on metal oxide surfaces in Li-ion batteries by in situ Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
Understanding (electro)chemical reactions at the electrode-electrolyte interface (EEI) is crucial to promote the cycle life of lithium-ion batteries. In situ studies of EEI can provide new insights into reaction intermediates and soluble species not accessible by ex situ characterization of …
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Vibrational Spectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy Studies of Silane Adsorption onto Silicon and Glass.
… onto silica surfaces, was investigated by Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflection, (FTIR-ATR), spectroscopy and by atomic force microscopy, (AFM). The rate of formation of the monolayers and the effect of surface coverage on the packing of these long-chain …
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Poisoning and Sulfation on Vanadia SCR Catalyst
… flue gases from both coal and coal-biomass co-firing boilers were investigated. BET surface area and average pore diameter measurements on both fresh and exposed commercial catalyst samples indicated pore plugging occurred to exposed catalyst samples. ESEM analyses showed fouling on catalyst …
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Determination of Reactivity Ratios for Acrylonitrile/Methyl Acrylate Radical Copolymerization Via Nonlinear Methodologies Using Real Time FTIR
… ratios for the homogeneous free radical initiated copolymerization of acrylonitrile and methyl acrylate were measured by NMR on isolated, low conversion copolymers and by real time in situ FTIR. The system utilized azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator in dimethyl formamide (DMF) at …
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Catalytic Process for the Conversion of Synthesis gas to Ethanol for Use as an Alternative Fuel
Higher alcohols are increasing as a proportion of the transportation fuel market, and can be used as neat fuels, or as blends with conventional fuels. For a number of reasons, these C2+-alcohols will be of interest in the foreseeable future. Large-scale production of higher alcohols will likely be …
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Functional Block Copolymers via Anionic Polymerization for Electroactive Membranes
Ion-containing block copolymers blend ionic liquid properties with well-defined polymer architectures. This provides conductive materials with robust mechanical stability, efficient processability, and tunable macromolecular design. Conventional free radical polymerization and anion exchange …
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Design and characterization of zeolite supported cobalt carbonyl catalysts
… soluble catalysts. A heterogeneous system consisting of Co₂(CO)₈ impregnated on zeolites with faujasitic structure has been designed and investigated using a variety of techniques. In situ FTIR spectroscopy and carbon monoxide evolution were used to identify the major products generated, namely …
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Revealing SEI Formation and Evolution at the Li Anode/Liquid Electrolyte Interface in Li-ion Batteries by in situ Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
A novel in-situ FTIR method is developed to probe the Li anode/liquid electrolyte interface. Three different conventional electrolyte systems were tested: 1.2 M LiPF₆ in EC, 1.0 M LiPF₆ in EMC, and LP57 (1.0 M LiPF₆ in EC:EMC (3/7 vol %)). Using the spectroelectrochemical cell, FTIR measurements …
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Synthesis and Characterization of Tailored Macromolecules via Stable Free Radical Polymerization Methodologies
… for production of controlled macromolecules was investigated using a novel monomer, 2-vinylnaphthalene. Initial polymerizations resulted in molecular weight distributions typical of conventional free radical polymerization techniques (>2.0). Manipulation of the initiator concentration and the …
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Mechanistic investigation of the interrupted Bischler-Napieralski reaction and its application to the total synthesis of the aspidosperma alkaloids
I. Direct Observation of Intermediates Involved in the Interruption of the Bischler- Napieralski Reaction. The first mechanistic investigation of electrophilic amide activation of [alpha], [alpha]-disubstituted tertiary lactams and the direct observation of key intermediates by in situ FTIR, 1H, …
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The Role of Penetrant Structure on the Transport and Mechanical Properties of a Thermoset Adhesive
In this work the relationships between penetrant structure, its transport properties, and its effects on the mechanical properties of a polymer matrix were investigated. Although there is a vast amount of data on the diffusion of low molecular weight molecules into polymeric materials and on the …
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Lubricant-derived ash : in-engine sources and opportunities for reduction
… filters (DPF) are an effective means for meeting increasingly stringent emissions regulations that limit particulate matter. Over time, ash primarily derived from metallic additives in the engine oil accumulates in DPFs. Lubricant-derived ash increases pressure drop and reduces fuel economy. …
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Synthesis and dynamics of [gamma]-alumina supported molybdenum subcarbonyls and model compounds
Molybdenum hexacarbonyl supported on 𝛾-alumina is a precursor to an active olefin metathesis catalyst. Surface sites on the alumina act as coordinating ligands to stabilize various molybdenum subcarbonyl species. The formation of these species can be controlled by appropriate activation conditions. …
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Synthesis and Characterization of Multi-Component Polymeric Materials Prepared via Free Radical Polymerization
… polystyrenes were prepared via the coupling of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO) terminated polystyrene oligomers with divinylbenzene (DVB) in m-xylene at 138 °C. Linear polystyrene oligomers (Mn = 19,300 g/mol, Mw/Mn = 1.10) were synthesized in bulk styrene using benzoyl …
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Sorption mechanisms of dibenzo-p-dioxin/furan from water by smectite clays and theoretical studies on formation pathways of chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins from precursor chlorophenols on smectite clays
Clay minerals may be an important sorptive phase for dioxins in soils, and dioxins are often found in natural clay deposits. Sorption experiments demonstrated that smectites, especially Cs-saponite, effectively adsorbed dibenzo-p-dioxin /furan from water. Adsorption was promoted by exchangeable …
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Effects of Functionality and Charge in the Design of Acrylic Polymers
Use of a mixed triisobutylaluminum/1,1-diphenylhexyllithium intiator enabled the anionic polymerization of methyl methacrylate at room temperature, resulting in narrow molecular weight distributions and syndiorich structures. Polymerizations were controlled above Al:Li = 2, and control …
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Bridging Mesoscale Phenomena and Macroscopic Properties in Block Copolymers Containing Ionic Interactions and Hydrogen Bonding
… of novel block copolymers with non-covalent interactions (electrostatic interaction and/or hydrogen bonding) to examine the relationships between mesoscale phenomenon and macroscopic physical properties. Non-covalent interactions offer extra intra- and inter-molecular interactions to achieve …
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Aerosol Synthesis and Electrochemical Analysis of Niobium Mixed-Metal Oxides for the Ethanol Oxidation Reaction in Acid and Alkaline Electrolyte
… fuel cells are especially important among emerging electrochemical power systems with the potential to offset a great deal of the energy demand currently met through the use of fossil fuels. Ethanol can be refined from petroleum sources or attained from renewable biomass, and is more easily and …
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Novel Carbazole Based Methacrylates, Acrylates, and Dimethacrylates to Produce High Refractive Index Polymers
… are excellent materials with many applications in dentistry, microelectronics, and optics, including optical eye wear, fiber optics, and non-linear optics, such as holography. Carbazole based polymers have demonstrated good optical, photo-refractive, and charge-transporting properties, combined …
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