Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 26 for “"IFN signaling"”.
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Analysis of Human Interferon Signaling and its Regulation
Type I interferon (IFN) signaling is a crucial first line in the defense against viral pathogens. After virus recognition by infected cells, type I IFN is produced and signals to neighboring cells. The IFN is bound by receptors on the cell surface, which induces an intracellular …
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Cryptosporidium Uses Its Cspv1 Virus to Activate Host Type I IFN Response and Attenuate IFN-Gamma-Mediated Epithelial Anti-Parasitic Defense
… and host anti-parasitic defense. Interferon (IFN) family is a group of cytokines that play essential roles in host innate and adaptive immunity against pathogen infections. There are three types of IFNs and all three types of IFN signaling have been observed in intestinal epithelium following …
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Understanding The Role of Arglu1 In Interferon Signaling Activation In Breast Cancer
… ICB therapy in breast cancer treatment, IFN signaling induction is a potential approach. Our results demonstrated that depletion of several RNA-binding proteins, particularly a poorly known ARGLU1, triggered type I interferon signaling in breast cancer cells. This phenomenon was also seen …
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Monogenic Defects of the Type I Interferons Signaling Pathway in Humans: Molecular and Clinical Implications
… immunity in the type I and III interferon (IFN) signaling pathways, which share many signaling proteins. Consistent with this role, I show that the patient's cells had drastically reduced responses to type I IFN which led to increased influenza virus replication. Profiling the transcriptome …
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Roles of Cytosolic Nucleic Acid Sensors in Cancer and Infection
… focus of this dissertation.</p> <p>Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) is a cytosolic innate immune sensor for cyclic dinucleotides that also serves a dual role as an adaptor molecule for a number of intracellular DNA receptors. A physiological role for STING in cancer was previously unknown. We …
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Determining The Mechanisms Generating Soluble Il-15 Complexes
… complexes to test my hypothesis that Type I IFN signaling and ADAM17 are necessary for generating sIL-15 complexes. In Bone marrow dendritic cells, Type I Interferon (IFN) directly regulates the cleavage of sIL-15 complexes using the metalloprotease ADAM17. Mice with the conditional deletion …
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Viral- and host-targeted interventions to improve influenza disease outcomes
… infection, it is appreciated that innate immune signaling, in particular type I IFN signaling, is primarily responsible for response to and control of influenza virus infections. Interestingly, it is well appreciated that pregnant women are up to four times more likely to develop severe influenza …
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Characterizing the role of thymic interferon in T cell development and selection
Type I and III interferons (IFNs) are robustly induced during infections, where they protect cells against viral infection and activate immune cells. Curiously, both type I and type III IFNs were reported to be produced at low levels in the thymus in the absence of infection – the site of T cell …
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Regulation of the cGAS-STING Pathway: Non-Agonist Activation and Cellular Trafficking
… cGAS-STING, leading to type I interferon (IFN) signaling. STING-mediated IFN signaling is dynamically regulated by STING trafficking from the ER to the Golgi then to the lysosome. Cofactors and cellular mechanisms that facilitate STING trafficking and signaling are incompletely understood. …
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Stat3 Inhibits Type I Interferon Signaling In Type I Conventional Dendritic Cells
… 3 (STAT3) mediates the intracellular signaling of interleukin 10 (IL-10), an immunosuppressive cytokine. Therefore, we hypothesized that STAT3 and IL-10 inhibit cDC1 function and induction of T cell-mediated immunity. Herein, we show that IL-10 inhibits polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid …
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The role of type I interferon in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Type I interferon (IFN) has pleotropic and context-dependent biological effects. IFN's involvement in viral infections is well known but its precise role in cancer remains elusive. The aims of this thesis were to study the role of IFN in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the most common adult …
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Cancer Cell Antiviral Signaling Amplifies Transcription Output Through Chromatin Alterations To Drive Therapy Resistance
… demonstrate that cancer cells co-opt anti-viral signaling to sustain genetic programs that drive resistance to multiple anti-cancer modalities. In the context of radiation resistance, upon heterotypic interaction, exosomes are transferred from stromal to breast cancer (BrCa) cells and activate …
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CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF CHEMORESISTANCE IN ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA
… signatures and activation of the Interferon (IFN) signaling pathway. Notably, IFN signaling activation was a distinguishing feature of both quiescent and proliferating blasts and was predictive of clinical response to standard chemotherapy in AML patients. To investigate the contribution of …
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Insights into Virus-Host Interactions: Regulation of Cytokine Signaling Is a Virulence Determinant of West Nile Virus
… occurs through the action of interferon (IFN) and its downstream activation of an antiviral state within the infected cell and neighboring tissue. To begin to understand how WNV evades host defenses, studies were initiated to examine the interaction of virulent (TX02) and avirulent (MAD78) …
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Contributions of type 17 immunity and type I interferon signaling to Salmonella-induced autoimmunity
… remain unclear, type 17 and type I interferon (IFN) signaling play significant roles in the pathogenesis of many classical autoimmune diseases and bacterial infections. Previous research from our lab has shown that Salmonella biofilm-associated amyloid protein, curli, is a potent inducer of …
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Brain Endothelial Cells Orchestrate an Anti-Encephalitic State in the Central Nervous System in Response to Peripheral Viral Infection
… Previous research has identified interferons (IFNs), small antiviral cytokines, as critical to control WNV infection. However, most work examines the role of IFN in the periphery or in the CNS only post-neuroinvasion. We still do not fully understand how the CNS responds to viral infection …
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Systematic Enhancement of Human Herpesvirus 6A Reconstitution: Bridging Technical Refinement and Host Determinants of Virus Replication
… elucidated the suppressive role of interferon (IFN) signaling in virus reconstitution, highlighting the potential of JAK1/JAK2 inhibition via ruxolitinib (RUX) to improve viral yields. By systematically optimizing nucleofection and stimulation conditions, we developed a robust and reproducible …
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Age-Dependent Variability in Immune Host Responses to SARS-CoV-2: Implications for Inclusive Clinical Trial Design
… In Chapter 1, we examined the effects of IFNβ pre-treatment on SARS-CoV-2 infection dynamics in lung epithelial cell models. We identified interferon-stimulated gene signatures associated with antiviral protection, and found that pre-activation of the IFN pathway significantly reduced …
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Type I Interferon Signaling Pathway May Be Involved in Optimal Interleukin-2 Production in CD4+ T Cells
… studies demonstrate that interferon alpha (IFN-α) promotes human T helper 1 memory development by positively regulating interleukin-2 (IL-2) expression, a hallmark cytokine of central memory CD4⁺ T cells. The present work seeks to delineate how signaling through the interferon alpha/beta …
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The Role of Interferon Stimlated Genes in Resistance and Immunity to Hepatitis C Virus Infection
… therapy mimics endogenous type I interferon signaling, which plays a crucial role in the innate antiviral response through the regulation of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs). ISGs encode antiviral effector proteins that limit viral replication and spread. Hundreds of ISGs have been …
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