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Showing 1 to 20 of 20 for “"Hypertonic Saline"”.
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EFFECTS OF HYPERTONIC SALINE ON RECOVERY OF FUNCTION FOLLOWING CONTROLLED CORTICAL IMPACT BRAIN INJURY
Hypertonic saline (HS) is an accepted treatment for traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the behavioral and cognitive consequences following HS administration have not thoroughly been examined. Recent preclinical evidence has suggested that nicotinamide (NAM) is beneficial for recovery of …
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Nebulized Hypertonic Saline-Triggered Increase in Mucociliary Clearance Rate is Mediated by the Nervous System
Inhaled nebulized hypertonic saline (HTS) is a commonly prescribed mutation-agnostic therapy used in the treatment of CF-related lung disease. It is currently well-understood that HTS functions, in part, to increase the volume of airway surface liquid (ASL) by generating an osmotic gradient that …
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Cardiovascular and Hematological Effects of Hetastarch and Hypertonic Saline Solutions During Experimental Endotoxemia in Horses
… To determine the effects of the combination of Hypertonic Saline Solution and Hetastarch in endotoxemic horses. Animals: Eighteen horses divided into three groups of six. Procedure: All horses received a total dose of intravenous E. coli endotoxin infused at 50 ug/kg; divided into a bolus …
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Neurally Released Nitric Oxide does not Oppose Reflex Cholinergic Contraction of Airway Smooth Muscle in Dogs
… dogs in response to the afferent nerve stimuli hypertonic saline (1ml, into a lobar bronchus) and capsaicin (injected into right atrium).|The first part of our study demonstrated that changes in airway resistance to hypertonic saline and capsaicin are neurally mediated. We compared changes in …
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Comparison of two saline loading protocols for preventing nephrotoxicosis associated with high-dose cisplatin
… initially considered dose limiting. The use of saline loading and hypertonic saline administration protocols allowed dose escalation, reduced nephrotoxicosis, and increased remission rates in the treatment previously poorly responsive malignant tumors in human beings. A pilot study was performed …
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COPEPTIN AS A SURROGATE MARKER OF ARGININE VASOPRESSIN:CLINICAL DIAGNOSTIC AND PROGNOSTIC APPLICATIONS IN ENDOCRINE AND NON-ENDOCRINE DISEASES
… in both adult and pediatric patients. To date, hypertonic saline-stimulated copeptin is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of AVP deficiency, but it is a cumbersome test requiring close monitoring. Alternative tests like arginine-stimulated and glucagon-stimulated copeptin could …
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The Effect of Dehydration on Metabolism and Energy Substrate Utilization
… being intravenously infused with a isotonic or hypertonic saline solution for 120 minutes in a counter balanced order. All trials began with a euhydrated subject with a urine specific gravity (USG)</p>
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Generation of nitric oxide and its protective and toxic actions in the gastrointestinal tract
… in the rat gastric mucosa damaged by hypertonic saline in vivo, (iii) to expose primary cultures of guinea-pig gastric mucosal cells to oxidative challenge and an NO donor, and to investigate the response in terms of heat shock protein 72 (HSP 72) induction, and (iv) to investigate the …
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The Effect of Cellular Dehydration on Glucose Regulation in Lean and Obese Females
… aim of this study was to examine the effect of hypertonic saline infusion on glucose regulation in healthy females. Thirty healthy, non-diabetic females performed a 2-h infusion followed by a 4-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Every subject participated in two trials separated by one month, …
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The effects of tonic muscle pain on the sympathetic and somatic motor systems in humans
… Muscle pain was induced using a solution of hypertonic saline tonically infused via indwelling cannulae delivered by an infusion pump. The rate of infusion was controlled to ensure subjects experienced mild to moderate pain. Muscle spindle afferents fail to show any change in spontaneous …
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Comparative Effects of Various Drugs in Producing Vasodilatation in Peripheral Vascular Conditions
… (92), (41). Silbert (80), (81) used intravenous hypertonic saline solution and repeatedly reported successful results. Its use is not without complications. Wright (92) states that it may produce venous thrombosis, chills and hepatitis. He did not recommend this substance in the treatment of …
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Peri-operative use of synthetic intravenous fluid by peri-operative physicians in South Africa
… 10/300 (3%) would use either albumin or hypertonic saline when resuscitating a non-responding trauma patient. Concerning was 14/300 (5%) of respondents who would use fluid other than blood products for trauma patients with low haemoglobin. A relatively large proportion 47/300 (16%) would …
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The mechanisms involved in the responses elicited by intracerebroventricular administration of renin and angiotensin in the conscious cat
… the cat was also elicited by administration of hypertonic saline, polyethylene glycol or β -adrenoceptor agonists. A preliminary study of the contribution of renin and angiotensin to these responses was made using a peptide inhibitor. In the final chapter the centrally mediated vasopressor …
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Exhaled nitric oxide in asthmatic airway inflammation
… NOx but had a significant correlation with pH. Hypertonic saline challenge, an artificial model of an asthmatic exacerbation was associated with an increase in EBC volume and the release of histamine, implicating mast cell activation. These novel findings suggest that non-invasive markers can be …
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Control of human motoneurones during voluntary contraction and fatigue
… III and IV muscle afferents are activated by hypertonic saline, motoneurones of both extensors and flexors are facilitated. This demonstrates parallel excitatory and inhibitory pathways from group III and IV muscle afferents to extensor motoneurones, which are activated under different …
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Local Control of Blood Flow in the Bronchial Circulation of Dogs
… evoked by stimulating airway afferents with hypertonic saline (ACbr = 4.7±1.2 before and 4.2±0.9 ml/min/100mmHg during DMPX) or capsaicin (ACbr = 6.9±1.7 before and 7.7±1.8 ml/min/100mmHg during DMPX). To determine if adenosine is responsible for the reactive hyperemia after lung …
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Airway inflammation, diagnosis, perception of asthma, and sputum zinc levels in a community cohort.
… clinical scenario. The usefulness of AHR with hypertonic saline to diagnose asthma is equivocal given the moderate sensitivity and poor specificity of the test documented within. If a global assessment of AI is required, an eNO measurement is recommended initially, given its ease of use. Sputum …
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The influence of pressure stimulus intensity on pain perception and neuromuscular performance in healthy males
… Farina et al, 2008) when pain is induced via hypertonic saline injection but this is an invasive method of pain induction whereby it is unclear if there is any interference of normal muscle functioning due to the injection of fluid into the muscle (Wing et al, 2011a). The series of studies …
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The Effect of Osmotic Stimulation of Copeptin on Glucose Metabolism in Healthy Adults
<p>Diabetes is currently affecting 30 million Americans. To combat disease onset, lifestyle interventions have been focused on. Low water intake, alongside elevated concentrations of circulating copeptin, has been linked to increased risk for. However, it is unknown whether this effect on glucose …
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Soluciones hipertónicas en trauma craneoencefálico: revisión sistemática de la literatura
El traumatismo craneoencefálico, es la epidemia silenciosa de nuestra época, que genera gastos en salud, en países como Estados Unidos, cercanos a los 60 billones de dólares anuales, y cerca de 400 billones en rehabilitación de los discapacitados. El pilar del manejo médico del trauma …