Global ETD Search
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Showing 1 to 20 of 29 for “"Hydrothermal Treatment"”.
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Hydrothermal treatment of sewage sludge under oxidative and nonoxidative conditions
In this doctoral thesis, the application of hydrothermal treatments both oxidative (wet oxidation) and non-oxidative (thermal hydrolysis) to stabilize activated sludge has been studied. Specifically, the purpose of this work was to analyse the effect of these treatments on the chemical, biological …
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Investigation into the Hydrothermal Treatment of Sugarcane Bagasse under Near- and Supercritical Conditions
… of components. Very few studies of biomass hydrothermal conversion provide a comprehensive evaluation of multiple process parameters and various additives and their effects on a single product phase. This research examined the influence of temperature, residence time, biomass concentration, …
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Methanol amination over hydrothermally treated zeolites RHO and Modernite
… and Chabazite. In addition, certain forms of hydrothermally treated Mordenite can produce nonequilibrium product distributions. The performance of Rho can also be improved with hydrothermal treatment. The objectives of this study were briefly as follows. Firstly, the question was asked as to …
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Hydrothermal synthesis and optimisation of zeolite Na-P1 from South African coal fly ash
… variables evaluated in this study were; hydrothermal treatment time (12 - 48 hours), temperature (100 – 160 oC) and addition of varying molar quantities of water during the hydrothermal treatment step (H2O:SiO2 molar ratio ranged between 0 - 0.49).Once the most suitable conditions for the …
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Synthesis of Zr4+/Ag+ metal oxides modified zeolite for application in fluoride and pathogens removal from water
… clay through ultrasonication, followed by hydrothermal treatment to obtain zeolite. The ultrasonication conditions were optimized by varying NaOH concentration (0.5 to 2.5 M) and aging time (10 to 120 minutes). Temperature (70 °C to 140 °C) and time (1.5 to 6 hours) were evaluated for …
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Preparation and characterization of mesoporous aluminosilicates from Ca-A zeolite
… zeolite into a mesopore type: (a) 0.2N HCl acid treatment at 80$\sp\circ$C from which the time of exposure to the acid medium has a great influence on the pore size distribution of the resulting materials. (b) A hydrothermal treatment followed by a mild acid treatment that can unblock the pore …
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TiO2-PMMA nanohybrids of enhanced nanocrystallinity
… assisted by the PMMA entrapment. A post-hydrothermal treatment has been successfully devised to enhance TiO2 nanocrystallinity. TiO2 nuclei are shown to involve in the rearrangement of flexible Ti-OH networks, giving rise to the densification of Ti-O-Ti bonds. An appropriate pre-annealing …
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Glycerol Oxidation with Zeolite and Hierarchical Zeolite as Catalysts and Electrocatalysts
… and NaOH. For the Y zeolite, the effect of the treatment time was studied in the range 2 48 h; for the ZSM-5 5the effect of the strength of the two step pretreatment was investigated. In the case of the Y zeolites, the efficient formation of an intraparticle mesoporosity with a narrow pore size …
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Deactivation and preparation of fused silica open tubular columns for gas and supercritical fluid chromatography
… of column deactivation and inertness. Hydrothermal treatment of the raw fused silica with nitric acid was proven to be very effective for cleaning and maximizing the degree of silanol coverage of the surface. The capillary rise method was used to obtain contact angle data for untreated …
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The Development of Sustainable Internal Curing Agents Using Natural Hollow Fibres
… focused on examining the impact of different pre-treatment methods on the morphology, chemical composition, and hygroscopic characteristics of MW fibres in the initial phase. Two pre-treatment methods, namely hydrothermal treatment (HT), and hybrid treatment (HY), a combination of hydrothermal …
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Fly Ash Zeolite Catalyst Support for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis
… a parametric study of a two-step alkali fusion/hydrothermal treatment process for converting fly ash to zeolite frameworks was performed by varying the alkali fusion agent, agent:flyash ratio, fusion temperature, fused ash/water solution, aging time, and crystallization time. The optimal …
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Metal phosphates: From syntheses and structures to applications in sorption, catalysis and teeth erosion protection
As a synthetic route a hydrothermal procedure with organic amines as templates. The electronic aspects were investigated in collaboration by using Moessbauer spectroscopy. The synthesized new compounds were structurally analyzed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The thermal properties and …
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Development of tandem catalytic systems utilizing mesoporous silica nanoparticles
… altering the pre-hydrolysis time as well as the hydrothermal treatment temperature. Amine functionalized MSN has shown to be an effective chemical handle for attaching biomolecules that retain activity and are able to be recycled multiple times. These two studies were then combined to create the …
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Synthesis of zeolites from geological materials and industrial wastes for potential application in environmental problems
… by two different routes: (1) classic alkaline hydrothermal synthesis and (2) alkaline fusion prior to hydrothermal synthesis. In the first method, the synthesis of zeolitic materials was carried out generally in alkaline media, although KAO or its calcination product, metakaolinite (MTK), was …
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Application of organic acid functionalized cellulose for batch and aqueous two-phase extraction of sulfonamides from different matrices
… with adipic acid and oxalic acid via hydrothermal treatment in an autoclave was 1 h at a temperature of 50℃. Furthermore, the FTIR data revealed the emergence of ester moieties from the esterification reaction of carboxyl groups in the organic acids and the hydroxyl groups on …
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Utilization of Biomass Derived Furans in Value-Added Organics and Heterogeneous Oxorhenium Catalysts for Deoxydehydration of Diols
… routes (gasification, pyrolysis, liquefaction, hydrothermal treatment, etc.). Furfural is one particular chemical that can be obtained from lignocellulosic biomass in good yields through the dehydration of sugar residues. It can be used as a feedstock for chemicals such as furan and THF, or as a …
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ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF FIBRE-RICH FRACTIONS OF YELLOW PEA AND RED LENTIL TO USE IN LOW-FAT PORK BOLOGNA
… low-fat pork bologna. The effects of lab-scale hydrothermal treatment (HT) were also investigated. This project was divided into three studies. In study 1, chemical composition and functional properties of pea and lentil fibre fractions and two commercial products, Best Pea Fibre and Superb Soy …
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Critical considerations in development of mesoporous silica nanoparticles for biological applications.
… of hydrophilic and hydrophobic organosilanes and hydrothermal treatment are key to synthesize ultrastable and redispersible mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Chapter Three examines the cytotoxicity of mesoporous silica nanoparticles to human RBCs, mouse mast cells, and human endothelial cells using …
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Development of Hybrid Meat Products by Replacing Animal Fats with Faba bean Protein Isolate-Stabilized Canola Oil-In-Water Emulsion Gel
… (FBC) and isolate (FBI) were subjected hydrothermal treatments, high-pressure homogenization (HPH) and their combined effects. The effect of these methods was investigated on the functional and structural properties of the proteins. The particle size was significantly reduced in FBI and …
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Upgrading biomass by hydrothermal and chemical conditioning
There are two widely known thermal pretreatment technologies, known as hydrothermal carbonization and dry torrefaction. In dry torrefaction, also known as torrefaction or mild pyrolysis, dry solid biomass is treated in an inert gas environment in a temperature range of 200-300oC for more than one …
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