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Showing 1 to 12 of 12 for “"Hydrogen Addition"”.
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Reducing of iron corrosion in water pipelines by hydrogen addition
… oxidation reduction reaction. In that reaction hydrogen ion is reduced and the iron is oxidized. The hypothesis of this thesis is that the electrochemical potential of the hydrogen half-cell reaction can be reduce by dissolution of hydrogen gas in the water. If that value can be reduced enough …
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Identities and Catalytic Functionalities of Reactive Hydrogen Species during Hydrogen Addition and Oxygen Removal Reactions of Carboxylic Acids, Carbonyls, and Phenols at Transition Metal-solvent Interfaces
… Across all three catalytic systems of carbonyl hydrogenation, acetic acid hydrodeoxygenation, and phenolic hydrodeoxygenation, H+ and H* both play their respective roles as intermediates in the overall catalytic system. It is proposed that H+, derived from H* ionization, adds onto the carbonyl …
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Shock Ignition of N-Heptane With Supplemental Hydrogen
… to investigate the effect of adding molecular hydrogen to a mixture of n-heptane (surrogate for diesel fuel) and air on ignition delay time at prototypic post-compression diesel engine conditions. Ignition delay time data was measured using the reflected shock wave technique at a pressure of 20 …
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Reducing emissions of a large bore two stroke cycle engine using a natural gas and hydrogen mixture
… while maintaining complete combustion. Blending hydrogen into an engine's fuel can lower in-cylinder combustion temperatures and reduce pollutant emissions. Hydrogen has a wider flammability range in comparison to natural gas, which allows for leaner engine operation and lower combustion …
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Effects of curvature and strain on a lean premixed methane-hydrogen-air flame
… method for solving the governing equations. Hydrogen enrichment of some hydrocarbon fuels has been shown to improve stability and extend flammability limits of lean premixed combustion in a number of recent experiments. It is suggested that these trends may be explained by the impact of …
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CFD investigation on hydrogen enrichment effect to dual-fuel direct injection diesel engine
… studies on the use of alternative fuels; hydrogen-natural gas blends (HCNG) used port injection and experimentally were conducted. The use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations in analyzing the effect of adding (0 - 90) % hydrogen to blend fuel and varying the equivalence ratio …
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Development of mesoscale burner arrays for next generation compact gas turbines
… operated with heavy hydrocarbon fuels. Moreover, hydrogen addition effects on the burner array were studied to improve the flame stability and combustion dynamics because hydrogen enhancement can be a promising solution for small-scale combustion systems. In summary, this study demonstrates the …
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Chemical studies of plasma etchants used in integrated circuit manufacture
… rates in CF4/C2F6 and CHF3 as a function of the addition of oxygen-containing additives (02, N20 and CO2) are shown to be consistent with a simple competition between F, 0 and CFx species for Si surface sites. For the range of conditions studied, Si02 etch rates were not dependent on F-atom …
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Lean-burn characteristics of a gasoline engine enriched with hydrogen from a plasmatron fuel reformer
If a small amount of hydrogen is added to a gasoline fueled spark ignition engine the lean limit of the engine can be extended. Lean running engines are inherently more efficient, and have the potential for significantly lower NOx emissions. Hydrogen addition reduces the combustion variability. In …
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Fundamental studies of mixed gas plasmas in ICP-MS
… or removing these interference effects. In addition the use of mixed gas plasmas for sensitivity enhancement has been assessed using both wet and dry sample introduction systems. Simplex optimization procedures have been used throughout. The addition of nitrogen to all three argon gas flows …
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Rational Design of Supported Metal Catalysts for Carbonyl Reduction During Biomass Upgrading
<p>Ketone hydrogenation:A model system of carbonyl (ketone) hydrogenation, acetone hydrogenation over supported Pt catalysts in the gas-phase fixed bed reactor was investigated to understand both the mechanism and rate controlling steps in a fundamental level. The experiments and outcomes include …
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The Greener Alternative: Sustainable Development in Iron Catalysis and Biodegradable Polymers
… commonly reduced in pharmaceutical processes. Dehydrogenations of limited substrates can also be conducted with this complex. In this investigation, we describe the first-order dependence of the reaction rate with respect to hydrogen and catalyst, an activation energy of 93.6 ± 9.7 kJ mol−1, and …