Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
Results
Showing 1 to 20 of 23 for “"Human neurons"”.
-
Molecular characterization in human neurons of genes associated with the control of bodyweight and feeding behaviour
… component underlies the large variation in human body size in response to the modern day ‘obesogenic’ environment. Therefore, genetic approaches can be leveraged to help characterise the underpinning physiological and molecular mechanisms controlling food intake and body weight. Those …
-
Understanding the Conserved and Species-Specific Functions of FOXP2, a Gene Implicated in Speech and Language Development
… I sought to better understand the conserved and human-specific functions of FoxP2. Intrigued by the enrichment of FOXP2 in the human subplate layer, I hypothesized that FOXP2 regulates evolutionarily distinct subplate gene expression patterns and tested this theory by performing RNA-seq in human …
-
The Functional Role for Chromatin Loops in Gene Expression Control During Human Neuron Maturation
… CTCF occupancy, and mRNA levels in post-mitotic human neurons remains an open question. Here, we summarize the field of epigenetics and chromatin in neuroscience, examine neural model systems, and build an auxin-inducible degron to deplete the architectural protein CTCF and disrupt loops …
-
Characterizing the Cellular Response to Astrovirus Infection in the Central Nervous System
… HAstV1 genotypes, induce CNS pathology in human neurons and astrocytes. Utilizing primary human neurons and astrocytes from various brain regions, this research investigates the cytotoxic effects, apoptotic pathways, and inflammatory responses triggered by these viruses. This study reveals …
-
A toxicological analysis of the cyanotoxin β-methylamino-L-alanine at multiple neural levels and identification of novel modes of activity
… have shown that BMAA acts predominantly on motor neurons. Observed increases in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+ influx, coupled with disruption to mitochondrial activity and general neuronal death, indicate that the main mode of activity is via excitotoxic mechanisms. Data …
-
UNDERSTANDING THE INFLUENCE OF TDP-43 LOSS-OF-FUNCTION ON NEUROTROPHIN SIGNALLING
… TDP-43 knockdown, mutation and aggregation in neurons affects the proper splicing of the receptor Sortilin resulting in the generation of a soluble isoform. Sortilin functions as a trafficking receptor for neurotrophins and a co-receptor in pro-neurotrophin mediated death, and its soluble form …
-
Genome-Wide Human-Specific RNA Regulatory Elements in the Brain
… Identifying the root cause of diversity between humans and specifically in the human brain has been a long-standing question for the scientific field. At the turn of the 20thcentury, Santiago Ramón y Cajal illustrated thousands of neurons spanning across brain regions to irrefutably demonstrate …
-
Dendritic biophysics and evolution
The biophysical features of neurons are the building blocks of computation in the brain. Dendrites are the physical site of the vast majority of synaptic connections and can expand the information processing capabilities of neurons. Due to their complex morphological attributes and various ion …
-
Development of a post-mitotic, neuronal-astrocytic cell system, for the prediction of acute neurotoxicity in humans
The human NT2.D1 cell line was differentiated to form both a 1:2 co-culture of post-mitotic NT2 neuronal and NT2 astrocytic (NT2.N/A) cells and a pure NT2.N culture. The respective sensitivities to several test chemicals of the NT2.N/A, the NT2.N, and the NT2.D1 cells were evaluated and compared …
-
The Mechanisms of Tau Entry to the Cytosol
… forms filamentous assemblies in the cytosol of neurons in several neurodegenerative diseases. In Alzheimer’s disease, tau pathology arises throughout the human brain in a spatio-temporal manner and closely correlates with disease severity. Assemblies of tau have been proposed to transit between …
-
Unravelling the molecular mechanisms of HIV associated neurocognitive disorders through mass spectrometry-based proteomics
A significant proportion of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV)-positive individuals are affected by the cognitive, motor and behavioural dysfunction that characterises HIV associated neurocognitive disorders. While the molecular aetiology of this important HIV complication remains largely …
-
Human induced pluripotent stem cell models of Rett Syndrome reveal deficits in early cortical development
… the course of neurogenesis in MeCP2-deficient human neurons with the use of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from RTT patient skin samples. We generated a variety of monolayer and 3D neuronal models and found that RTT phenotypes are present at the earliest stages of brain …
-
Characterisation of primary cilia in human hypothalamic neurons
… membrane of most mammalian cells, including neurons. Among their roles, they are recognised to be involved in the control of feeding and energy expenditure by the hypothalamus. However, how cilia exert their role as signalling hubs in those neurons remains largely unknown. We set out to …
-
Modelling Huntington’s Disease Using Direct Cell Reprogramming
… degeneration of striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs) is limited. This may be due to the challenge of generating a representative model of HD. Cell reprogramming is a revolutionary technology that can generate live, human neurons in vitro from the somatic cells of individuals with HD. …
-
DISSECTION OF HOST-VIRUS INTERACTIONS IN THE HUMAN CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
… However, despite these key advances in human genetics, relatively little is known about what regulates neuron-specific antiviral immunity and how this may differ against specific neurotropic viruses. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can, theoretically, be differentiated into any …
-
Functional and ultrastructural investigation of mouse and human dendritic spines
… a new method to apply these techniques to human neurons. In the first project presented in Chapter 2, we used super-resolution protein imaging and patch-clamp electrophysiology to identify filopodia as the structural substrate for silent synapses in adult neocortex. Of 2,234 spiny synapses …
-
Insulin Resistance and Inflammation in Neurodegeneration: Lessons from in vitro Models
… This thesis utilizes in vitro models of human brain cells to examine the effects of IR and chronic inflammation in neurons and pericytes that line the BBB. A chronic insulin model of insulin resistance in differentiated human neurons was developed to examine changes in gene expression …
-
Engineering hiPSCs to enhance neural progenitor transplantation in degenerative cervical myelopathy
… Meanwhile, bulk-transcriptomics from human post-mortem tissue revealed no upregulation of astrogliosis- or fibrosis-related genes in DCM. Second, the extent of endogenous remodelling of perineuronal extracellular matrix structures that could enable functional connectivity of NPC grafts …
-
Multi-Scale Modeling for Analysis and Design of Transcranial Electric and Magnetic Brain Stimulation
… can noninvasively modulate brain activity in humans, offering broad research and therapeutic applications. However, improving the efficacy and selectivity of these techniques is challenging without a mechanistic understanding of how the stimulation parameters determine the neural response and …
-
Phenotypic characterisation of human iPSC neuronal models of GM2 gangliosidoses
… of the plasma membrane of many cells, especially neurons. Their functions are broad and varied but their high abundance in neurons leaves these cells especially vulnerable to the effects of their accumulation in ganglioside lysosomal storage disorders (LSD). The GM2 gangliosidoses Tay-Sachs and …
Page 1 of 2