Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 47 for “"Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 (HIV-1)"”.
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Adaptive Evolution of Surface Proteins in Microbial Pathogens: Lyme Disease Pathogens (Borreliella sp.) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1)
… responsible for Lyme Disease and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The first chapter focused on antigenicity analysis of the VlsE protein in <em>Borreliella</em> bacteria. Conserved regions of VlsE were identified, and two of them were chosen for antibody development due to their …
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Single Molecule Imaging of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 (HIV-1) Envelope Glycoprotein Dynamics Identifies Viral Elements Contributing to Infectious Particle Assembly
<p>The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 (HIV-1) has remained highly prevalent across the world for over 40 years, taking lives by attacking the immune system. There remains a lack of universal treatment options, which can be attributed to a poorly understood process in the life cycle of the …
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Interactions of Mammalian Retroviruses with Cellular MicroRNA Biogenesis and Effector Pathways
… has emerged as an important regulator of host-virus interactions. While miRNAs of viral and cellular origin have been demonstrated to modulate viral gene expression and host immune responses, reports detailing these activities in the context of mammalian retroviruses have been controversial. …
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Purification of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Preintegration Complexes by Velocity Gradient Centrifugation.
The early events of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection are mediated by two large nucleoprotein complexes (NPCs), the reverse transcription complex (RTC) and the preintegration complex (PIC). These complexes are responsible for the conversion of viral RNA into viral DNA, transport …
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Recombinant Expression, Purification, and Characterization of an HIV-1 Tat-Human Cyclin T1 Chimera
<p>Efficient transcription of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) requires the interaction of the viral protein Tat with the trans-activation response (TAR) stem-loop of the long-terminal repeat (LTR) portion of nascent viral RNA. The production of viable transcripts is enhanced …
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Dissecting the Contribution of the Carboxyl-Terminal Domain and Tail of HIV-1 Integrase to Viral Dynamics and Enzymatic Function
<p>The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 (HIV-1) is the causative agent of the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Combination antiviral therapy has proven to be particularly effective at suppressing viral replication, yet complete eradication of the virus from an infected individual …
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Dissecting Host-Viral Interactons Through Focused or Unbiased High-Throughput Genetic Approaches
<p>In the world around us, viruses surround and vastly outnumber us. Indeed, there are roughly 1 sextillion—or one thousand million million million—times as many viral particles as humans on earth (1). While most of these viruses do not cause disease in humans, those that do present a grave and …
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Dynamics of HIV-1 Infection and Therapy In Vivo
<p>Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the causative agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), a disease responsible for extensive morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite more than thirty years of research since the discovery of HIV-1, no cure or vaccine yet exists. HIV-1 …
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Design and synthesis of HIV-1 integrase inhibitors
In recent years, HIV-1 integrase (IN) has emerged as an attractive target for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the causative pathogen of acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Several classes of IN inhibitors are known but many of these compounds are toxic, do not …
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Optimized Microbial Recombinant Production of HIV-1 Anti-Envelope Antibody Fragments with Applications to Single Particle Tracking of Virus Assembly
… for the fluorescent labeling and study of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope (Env) protein during HIV viral assembly. There remains insufficient knowledge about the molecular dynamics and interactions of HIV-1 Env protein with its counterpart, Gag, on the inner host cell …
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Studies On The Determinants Of HIV Mutagenesis And Strategies For Its Enhancement
Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) is one of the fastest evolving entities on earth, due in part to a mutation rate that is at least 10,000-fold higher than that of eukaryotic genomic DNA. The adaptability of HIV-1 prevents clearance of the virus by the immune system, promotes drug …
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Characterisation of llama antibody fragments able to act as HIV-1 entry inhibitors
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) entry into cells is mediated by the functional envelope spike, which consists of trimers of gp120 bound to gp41. Most variants of HIV-1 enter cells through attachment of the envelope spike to the main cellular receptor CD4, allowing interaction with a …
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BIOINFORMATICS INVESTIGATION OF RNA PSEUDOKNOTS
… readthrough, recoding mechanisms in viral and human mRNAs. To meet the specific needs of the bioinformatics investigations, a new algorithm and method for the detection of RNA pseudoknots has been developed. The new approach differs from all existing pseudoknot detection programs in that it is …
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Study of the HIV-1 Gene Regulatory Proteins TAT and REV by the Two-hybrid System in Yeast
<p>Tat and Rev, small proteins encoded by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1), regulate its pattern of gene expression within infected cells. Tat increases transcription from the integrated pro virus by approximately a thousand-fold; Rev effects a shift in the pattern of splicing of the …
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Compartmentalization of HIV-1 in the Secondary Lymphoid Tissues
… Following the infection of an individual with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), viral particles are trapped in massive quantities on the surfaces of FDCs. HIV-1 viral compartments are cell types or tissues between which there is a restriction of virus flow. Compartmentalization of …
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Structural Investigations of HIV-1 Restriction: Roles of Autophagy in TRIM5α and HIV-1 Capsid in Complex with a Novel Inhibitor
Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1, HIV-1, is the primary etiological agent of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, AIDS, a global pandemic with 1.7 million newly infected persons in 2019 alone. There is no cure to infection, and disease progression can only be prevented by a daily antiretroviral …
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Structural determinants of murine leukemia virus (MLV) reverse transcriptase (RT) important for fidelity and drug resistance in vivo
… identify structural elements of murine leukemia virus (MLV) RT important for fidelity and drug-resistance in vivo, we developed a D17-based encapsidating cell line (ANGIE P) which is designed to express the amphotropic MLV envelope. ANGIE P cell line also contains an MLV-based retroviral vector …
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Structural determinants of murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase that are important for template switching, fidelity, and drug resistance
Retroviruses exhibit high mutation rates. High mutation and recombination rates increase variation within a viral population and result in production of drug-resistant mutants and/or mutants that can escape a host immune response. Mutations are introduced into the viral genome by error-prone …
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HIV-1 Envelope-Induced Signaling Mediates Actin Cytoskeleton Rearrangements Necessary for Fusion and Entry
Human immunodeficiency virus type-1: HIV-1) initiates infection by direct fusion of the virus membrane with the plasma membrane of the target cell. This fusion event is a multi-step process mediated by the envelope: Env) surface subunit gp120 and the transmembrane subunit gp41 which anchors gp120 …
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The Role of Mucosal Epithelial Cells In Hiv-1 Infection
The predominant route of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission is infection across the vaginal mucosa. Epithelial cells, which form the primary barrier of protection against pathogens, are the first cell type at these mucosal tissues to encounter the virus but their role in HIV …
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