Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 24 for “"High-grade glioma"”.
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Irreversible Electroporation for the Treatment of Aggressive High-Grade Glioma
Malignant gliomas (MG), most notably glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), are among the most aggressive of all malignancies. High-grade variants of this type of brain cancer are generally considered incurable with singular or multimodal therapies. Many patients with GBM die within one year of diagnosis, …
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Characterisation of genetic and epigenetic aberrations in paediatric high grade glioma
Paediatric high grade glioma (HGG), including diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) are highly aggressive tumours with no effective cures. Lack of understanding of the molecular biology of these tumours, in part due to lack of well-characterised pre-clinical models, is a great challenge in the …
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Molecular and Mechanical Heterogeneity in Adult and Paediatric High-Grade Glioma
High-grade gliomas are aggressive, lethal tumours of the central nervous system with no available cure. Both adult and paediatric high-grade gliomas (HGGs) are characterized by rapid proliferation and diffuse invasion of tumour cells into the surrounding stroma. Additionally, these tumours display …
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The role of retinoic acid in glioma growth control
… of the central nervous system are known as gliomas, arising from the astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells or from glial progenitor cells. Although a relatively rare diagnosis, there is disproportionate morbidity associated with a glioma diagnosis, owing to its diffuse and …
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Tumor-assoziierte Mikroglia und Makrophagen modellieren durch GPNMB das Tumorwachstum und die Immunzellinfiltration in malignen Gliomen
… the immune suppressive microenvironment in glioma. Here, we show that GPNMB is predominantly expressed by TAMs in human glioblastoma multiforme and the murine RCAS-PDGFb high grade glioma model. Loss of GPNMB in the in vivo tumor microenvironment results in significantly smaller tumor …
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JAG1 Blockade With oHSV Polarizes Macrophages to Create a Unique Vulnerability for Cetuximab-Mediated Senolysis of Glioma Cells
… JAG1 gene expression was observed in recurrent high-grade glioma patients treated with CAN-3110. Since JAG1 is expressed on both glioma cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and its expression correlated with a worse prognosis, we engineered a JAG1-antagonizing oHSV (OncoD-0J1) and …
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Characterisation of cytokine secretion in malignant gliomas
… of secretion of cytokines compared with low-grade and non-cancerous patients. Lymphocyte subset analysis was performed using flow cytometry. Serum specimens taken from both high and low grade glioma patients were analysed with samples taken from control patients with no history of cancer. …
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Elucidating The Igfbp2 Signaling Pathway In Glioma Development and Progression
<p>Diffuse gliomas are highly lethal central nervous system malignancies which, unfortunately, are the most common primary brain tumor and also the least responsive to the very few therapeutic modalities currently available to treat them. IGFBP2 is a newly recognized oncogene that is operative in …
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Effects of Thyroid hormone on Cardiomyocytes and on Glioma differentiation and proliferation
… long-term TH treatment on cardiomyocytes and on glioma tumour cell lines. This study employed neonatal cardiomyocytes, 1321N1 cell line, an astrocytoma grade II, and U87MG, a glioblastoma grade IV. Cells were exposed for 2 and 4 days in culture medium deprived of T3 (non-treated cells) and in a …
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Comprehensive Analysis of the Molecular Underpinnings of Pediatric Glioma
… tumors affecting children. Of these CNS tumors, gliomas are the most prevalent. Currently gliomas are histologically segregated into two umbrella categories: low-grade glioma (grades 1 and 2, pLGG) and high-grade glioma (grade 3 and 4, pHGG). pLGG are the most frequently diagnosed pediatric …
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Myxoma Virus Therapy of Malignant Gliomas in Murine Syngeneic Models: Translating Barriers to Therapy
High grade glioma has an almost universally fatal outcome. Failure of current treatment modalities has prompted the investigation into non-traditional therapies. Oncolytic virus therapy entails the use of replication competent viruses that selectively infect, replicate and kill cancer cells. This …
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Methods for chemical exchange saturation transfer magnetic resonance imaging
… saturation transfer contrast in patients with high grade glioma. Results show that the contrast in brain tumors, which was previously attributed to an increase in the CEST signal from amide protons due to an elevated protein concentration, is instead the result of the loss of MT asymmetry found …
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Pre-operative Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Application to Tumour Resection by Awake Craniotomy
… of fMRI data is shown to be comparable in low-grade glioma (LGG) patients and healthy controls, but poorer in high-grade glioma (HGG) patients. More reliable activation patterns are demonstrated for motor tasks than for language tasks. The third project explores “Sources of variation …
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Glioma: A Tale of Corticosteroids, Thiopurines and Proposed Novel AntiGlioma Small Molecules
<p>Glioma is a brain tumor that arises from glial cells or glial progenitor cells, and represents 80% of malignant brain tumor incidence in the United States. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor malignancy with fewer than 8% of patients with GBM surviving for 3 …
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Epigenetic silencing of gene expression in paediatric astrocytoma
… methylated genes in a cohort of paediatric HGA (High grade glioma) samples. In addition, to investigate the potential of therapeutic efficacy of a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, 5-Aza-dC in paediatric HGA. There were 147 genes commonly identified to be potentially methylated in IN699 cells …
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Genomic Instability and the Oncohistone H3K27M Drive Gliomagenesis in a Murine Model
… pathways with p53 inhibition result in distinct high-grade glioma (HGG) formation resulting from elevated genome instability by DNA damage accumulation during embryogenesis. Furthermore, the presence of the oncohistone H3K27M mutation, commonly found in pediatric HGGs, enhances genome instability …
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Phylogenetic studies into the development of foetal tissues and their neoplastic derivatives
… on the placenta, germ cell tumours and high-grade midline gliomas. In Chapter 1, I introduce the principles and technological advances that allow us to infer development from somatic mutations. I highlight existing evidence for the distinct origins of childhood and adult cancers and …
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Elucidating intratumour heterogeneity through investigation of clonal, transcriptomic, and proteomic features across models of triple negative breast cancer and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma
… well described; and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, a paediatric high-grade glioma where nascent insights have revealed a compelling link between heterogeneity and disease severity. To explore these challenges, this work utilises a combination of RNA sequencing based approaches, proteomics, …
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Identifying Children with Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency (CMMR-D) Syndrome in the Expanding Lynch Syndrome population in Cape Town
… a tumour spectrum including colorectal cancers, high-grade gliomas, non-Hodgkin T-cell lymphomas and leukaemias. It is characterized by biallelic germline mutation of one of four possible MMR genes resulting in loss of protein expression that can be identified by applying immunohistochemistry to …
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Establishing Intratumoral Modulation Therapy as a New Treatment Modality for High Grade Gliomas
… against GBM and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) and has demonstrated potent anti-neoplastic, pro-apoptotic effects of IMT in vitro without significant impact on non-cancerous post-mitotic neurons. The co-application of IMT also potentiates the benefits of chemotherapy and gene …
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