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Showing 1 to 20 of 64 for “"Haem"”.
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Strategies to improve non-haem iron absorption
Iron deficiency anaemia is one of the most prevalent nutritional deficiency disorders in the world. Food iron fortification is a widely used strategy to reduce the risk of deficiency but presents a major challenge to the food industry. The more bioavailable forms of iron, such as ferrous gluconate, …
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Anaerobic, NADH-Dependent Haem Breakdown in a Family of Haemoproteins
Many pathogens function by internalising the haem molecules of their host organism and breaking down the porphyrin scaffold to sequester the Fe$^{2+}$ ion. Typically, this breakdown mechanism is mediated by a haem oxygenase. However, a novel class of reaction has been discovered, which can be …
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Role of the Haem Oxygenase Pathway in Protection against Vascular Dysfunction
… of vascular function and tissue injury after ischaemic events is a well-known pathophysiological phenomenon. Enhanced oxidative stress by free radicals appears to be a major contributor to the ischaemic episode which can occur either by progression of a disease state (atherosclerosis or angina …
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A comparison of the effects of xenobiotics on hepatic haem metabolism
… factor in determining the rates of hepatic haem biosynthesis and biodegradation. The basis for this proposal is that the haem moiety of cytochrome P-450 appears to be in equilibrium between binding to apocytochrome P-450 and existing in some form in the central hepatic pool of haem concerned …
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Haem and xenosiderophore mediated iron acquisition by sinorhizobium meliloti and pseudomonas aeruginosa
… of utilising several xenosiderophores and the haem compounds haemoglobin and haemin to overcome conditions of iron limitation. The high demand for iron in the nodule makes the study of S. meliloti 2011 biologically significant. Two putative hydroxamate siderophore outer membrane receptors were …
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The role of haem in the mechanism of action of antimalarials in Plasmodium falciparum
… parasite detoxifies host red blood cell derived haem by conversion into the inert biocrystal haemozoin. Inhibiting this critical pathway is proposed to be the mechanism of action of chloroquine and related antimalarials and several studies have linked inhibition of the formation of synthetic …
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Investigating the structure-function relationships of Plasmodium Haem Detoxification Protein and Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase
… study focuses on two Plasmodium proteins: (i) Haem Detoxification Protein (HDP) which has been reported to catalyse haemozoin formation in Plasmodium and (ii) Phosphatidylinositol-4- Kinase β (PI4Kβ) which plays an essential role in multiple stages of the parasite lifecycle and is a clinically …
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Serial and Single Crystal Studies of Ligand Binding to Radiation Sensitive Haem Protein DHP-B
Dehaloperoxidase (DHP) is a multifunctional globin and is the first known globin to have a biologically relevant peroxidase function. What makes DHP different from other globins is not just its peroxidase function, but its flexible distal histidine that is located at the opening of the distal …
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Probing the chemical biology involved in the haem detoxification pathway of the human malaria parasite, plasmodium falciparum
… most malaria-related deaths in humans, is the haem detoxification pathway. P. falciparum parasites in the asexual blood stage take up haemoglobin from the red blood cell (RBC) cytosol to make space for its growth and to prevent premature RBC lysis by maintaining the osmotic pressure within the …
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Structural characterisation of ligand, redox and catalytic states in haem enzymes using in crystallo spectroscopies and serial crystallography.
… relevant for metalloproteins such as haem proteins, since their metal centres are prone to reduction upon irradiation. In this research project, I aimed to overcome these limitations to study four haem enzymes, DtpA, DtpAa, DHP and NOD;; and their catalytic cycles, trying to obtain …
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Determining the solubility of haematin and haem-drug complexes at relevant pH in aqueous medium via spectrophotometric titration
… malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, via the haemozoin inhibition pathway within the acidic digestive vacuole (DV) of the pathogen. However, mechanistic details of this mode of action are still unresolved. Following the release of toxic ferriprotoporphyrin IX (Fe(III)PPIX, or ferrihaem) in the …
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Development of analytical techniques for probing the effects of -haematin inhibiting compounds on the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum
… Plasmodium falciparum is via the inhibition of haem detoxification. Drugs with this MoA, including chloroquine and amodiaquine, exert their therapeutic effect by disrupting haemozoin formation, which leads to increased accumulation of cytotoxic haem. Typically, the activity of potential …
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Molecular assembly and function of Androglobin, a novel chimeric globin.
… project aims to provide further insight into the haem domain and overcome issues associated with generating the full-length protein by recombinant techniques. Comparing 362 Adgb sequences using multiple sequence alignments, the critical amino acids of the haem domain were identified as the …
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Characterisation of Androgen Receptor Signalling and Metabolism in Prostate Cancer
… growth and division. One pathway includes haem synthesis, which supplies haem for several proteins that assist in maintaining cellular homeostasis and protecting against cellular stresses. Previously, using a small interfering RNA (siRNA) screen, haem synthesis was identified as a potential …
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Characterisation of OmcA From Shewanella oneidensis MR-1: Biophysical and Mineral Reduction Properties
… ed!the!bis?histidine!axial!ligation!of!all!OmcA’s!haem!content!in!the!crystal! structure! and! in! solution.!The!paramagnetic! resonance! feature! designated! “LS3”! was!identified!to!be!unique!to!OmcA.!However!this!resonance!signal!is!modelled!to! be! produced! spin?coupling! and! not! unique! …
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A role for iron in oesophageal adenocarcinoma
… of transport proteins and regulatory pathways. Haem scavenging and metabolism remains to be clearly characterised although candidate import proteins have been identified. This project aimed to characterise the iron transport machinery in the progression of OAC and the effects of iron exposure …
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Synthesis of 1,4 Dihydropyridines as potential antimalarial chemotype
… drugs. It is in this stage that host haemoglobin is degraded to provide nutrients for the survival of the parasite. However, a pathway (known as the haem detoxification pathway) that gives rise to the unique, microcrystalline ferriprotoporphryin IX [Fe(III)PPIX] dimer called haemozoin …
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A study of aminolaevulinic acid synthase
… acid synthase (ALAS) is the first enzyme in the haem biosynthetic pathway, and in mammals is present in two isoforms - differing in regulation and encoded for on different chromosomes. The hepatic form is up-regulated in states of haem deficiency and thus implicated in the acute attack of …
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Regulation of human 5-aminolevulinate synthase 2 expression during erythroid differentiation and its role in x-linked sideroblastic anaemia.
Haem is required for many cellular processes including haemoglobin synthesis in erythroid cells, where the majority of the haem in the body is produced and utilised. Its synthesis requires tight regulation to prevent toxic levels of free haem from arising. 5-Aminolevulinate synthase 2 (ALAS2) is …
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