Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
Results
Showing 1 to 20 of 31 for “"HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders"”.
-
Treatment of HIV associated neurocognitive disorders
Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) invades the central nervous system (CNS) as early as 8 days after HIV infection, causing a wide spectrum of neuropathological changes including HIV associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). HAND is a spectrum of cognitive impairment, which in its most …
-
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders: Role of Viral Reservoirs and Lipid Dysregulation
HIV infection has become a chronic and manageable disease due to the effective use of combined anti-retroviral therapies (cART). However, several chronic aging-related comorbidities, including HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), persist in the HIV-infected population; but the mechanisms …
-
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders biomarkers and the response to antiretroviral therapy
… therapy (HAART) improved cognitive function in HIV positive people in South Africa, and whether this effect differed according to the CNS penetration-effectiveness (CPE) of the regimen used. I also investigated potential HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) biomarkers (serum neopterin, …
-
An investigation of a neuro-inflammatory profile of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
Background HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is the consequence of the effects of HIV-1 within the central nervous system (CNS). HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment differs in severity with milder forms presenting in 50% of people living with HIV (PLWH), regardless of treatment …
-
The role of the astrocytic marker S100B in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
There are as yet no ideal biomarkers of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. As astrocytosis is a feature of HIV encephalitis, the marker S100β may hold promise as a biomarker of HAND. We explored associations between S100β and neurocognition in individuals with HIV in Cape Town, South Africa, …
-
Unravelling the molecular mechanisms of HIV associated neurocognitive disorders through mass spectrometry-based proteomics
… of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV)-positive individuals are affected by the cognitive, motor and behavioural dysfunction that characterises HIV associated neurocognitive disorders. While the molecular aetiology of this important HIV complication remains largely uncharacterised, …
-
Proteomic investigation of blood-based biomarkers for the diagnosis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
… prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in the world, with over 340 000 new infections in 2013 alone. Implementation of Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment (HAART) regimens, has improved the lives of many HIV-infected individuals, and has led to a decrease in the incidence of …
-
Validation of the CAT rapid: a smartphone screening tool for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders in South Africa
… tools are not suitable for the detection of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in South Africa. Study 1 of the current thesis aimed to establish construct validity of a new screening tool, the Cognitive Assessment Tool-Rapid(CAT-Rapid), in a sample of cognitively healthy South …
-
Screening for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders in perinatally infected youth: Validation of the CAT-rapid version 2 screening tool
… cognitive screening tools for youth living with HIV. To test the validity of the Cognitive Assessment Tool Rapid v2 tool in screening for all forms of neurocognitive impairment in a sample of youth living with HIV in Cape Town, South Africa. Design: We analysed the existing dataset of the neuro …
-
The role of inflammation, oxidative stress and the apolipoprotein E genotype in HIV-associated cognitive impairment: a clinical, biochemical and neuro-imaging study
Twenty percent of HIV-infected patients develop HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), a spectrum of neurological diseases which includes HIV-associated dementia (HAD), a debilitating sUb-cortical dementia. HIV-related cognitive impairment is a primary neurological complication of HIV …
-
Neurocognitive disorders in young adults commencing highly active anti-retroviral treatment in the Western Cape
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain prevalent in the era of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). The aim of the study was to investigate whether HAND are as prevalent in South Africa as in other regions, and whether individuals with HAND in South Africa will respond to …
-
The Role of Exosomal Transport of Viral Agents in Persistent HIV Pathogenesis
<p>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, despite great advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART), remains a lifelong affliction. Though current treatment regimens can effectively suppress viral load to undetectable levels and preserve healthy immune function, they cannot fully alleviate all …
-
CANNABINOIDS DELTA-9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL (THC) AND CP55,940 ABLATE SPECIFIC CHEMOKINE AND CYTOKINE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IN BV-2 MOUSE MICROGLIAL CELLS ACTIVATED WITH HIV-1 PRO-INFLAMMATORY PROTEIN TAT
… (HAART) to combat Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HANDs) still remain a dire issue. HIV can enter the brain through infected monocytes and infect microglia, the resident macrophages …
-
A network analysis based proteomic and transcriptomic investigation into HIV-Tat induced neuronal dysfunction and the neuroprotective effect of lithium
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) affect up to 70% of HIV positive individuals and are the leading cause of dementia in patients under 40 years. Despite this, the molecular mechanisms involved in the onset of HAND are not well understood. Among a number of plausible etiological agents …
-
Blood and Lumbar Fluid Biomarker Changes in Patients with HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Impairment Treated with Lithium: Analysis from a Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) persist in the era of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Thus, ART does not completely halt or reverse the pathological processes behind HAND. Adjuvant mitigating treatments are therefore prudent. Lithium treatment is known to promote neuronal brain-derived …
-
COCAINE AND HIV-1 REGULATE ASTROCYTE MITOCHONDRIAL ANTIVIRAL SIGNALING PROTEIN (MAVS) MEDIATED INFLAMMATION
… infections, like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) and exacerbates the development of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Cocaine impacts antiviral immune responses promoting increased inflammation. We previously demonstrated that cocaine increases DNA damage via oxidative stress …
-
A cross-sectional study of the association between cognitive impairment and haemoglobin levels in HIV-infected South Africans established on antiretroviral therapy
… of the global population of people living with HIV (PLHIV), is estimated to have more than 25 million PLHIV. In the era before the widespread availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART), anaemia (low serum haemoglobin) was a common clinical finding that was seen as a potential risk factor for …
-
Mechanisms Regulating Amyloid Processing Enzymes in HIV-Associated Neurotoxicity
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), cognitive impairment seen in approximately 50% of HIV+ patients, shares similar pathological hallmarks with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Extracellular plaques composed of amyloid-beta (Aβ), which are produced by cleavage of …
-
Blood-Based Inflammation Biomarkers of Neurocognitive Impairment in People Living with HIV
… minorities are disproportionately affected by HIV in the United States. Approximately 50% of people living with HIV (PLWH) experience HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). ART has decreased incidence of HAD but the less severe forms of HAND has increased. Diagnosis of HAND is …
-
Modeling HIV-1 Infection in the Brain: The Effect of the Blood-Brain Barrier
… antiretroviral therapy (ART), the development of HIV associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remains a major concern among HIV infected patients. As many ART drugs may fail to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB), the long-term presence of viral RNA in the brain is considered to be …
Page 1 of 2