Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 22 for “"HIV-1 vaccine"”.
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Characterization of human IgA-inducing protein
… mucosal IgA response was evaluated as part of a vaccine preparation, using a putative HIV-1 vaccine in a SCID-hu mouse model. SCID-hu mice were immunized with a dextran-based HIV-1 vaccine carrying gp120, with or without IGIP, and both serum and mucosal antibody responses were measured. While …
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Modulating the Antigenicity and Immunogenicity of HIV-1 Envelope by a Conserved N-Linked Glycan
HIV-1 establishes persistent infection in part due to its ability to evade host immune responses. Occlusion by glycans contributes to masking conserved sites that are targets for some broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs). Previous work has shown that removal of a highly conserved potential …
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The impact of neutralizing antibody and ADCC responses on HIV-1 envelope evolution in early infection
The development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine remains a global priority. Neutralizing antibodies (nAbs), which block infection by cell-free virus, are likely to be an important response for vaccines to elicit. However, evidence from the RV144 vaccine trial and non-human primate vaccine studies …
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Studies on multiply exposed but persistently HIV-1 seronegative sex workers from KwaZulu/Natal, South Africa
… factors are associated with resistance to HIV-1 infection in a group of highly exposed persistently seronegative sex workers from KwaZulu/Natal, South Africa. A cohort of 17 African highly exposed but persistently seronegative (HEPS) commercial sex workers (CSW) were identified who had been …
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The Design And Synthesis Of Inhibitors Of Hiv-1 Viral Entry And Photoaffinity Labeled Probes For Structural Elucidation Of The Hiv-1 Env
… living with Human Immunodefficiency Virus (HIV-1). While HIV-1 can be effectively treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART), the efficacy of ART is challenged by its cost, required access to regular care, and the onset of viral resistance. Methods to both prevent and cure HIV-1 infection are …
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HIV-1 strain-specific neutralizing antibody responses and the dynamics of viral evolution
It is widely held that for an HIV-1 vaccine to provide sterilizing immunity, it would need to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). However, factors underlying the development of these antibodies are not clear. There is evidence to suggest that in some individuals who develop bnAbs, the …
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Design and characterization of novel immunogens for AIDS vaccine development and evaluation of a sample inference method for NGS Illumina amplicon data
… people died of AIDS-related causes in 2015. A vaccine that could induce broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) is hypothesized to be the most efficient way to halt the AIDS pandemic. However, the majority of attempts to elicit bnAbs with HIV-1 vaccine candidates have failed due to the …
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Characterisation of llama antibody fragments able to act as HIV-1 entry inhibitors
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) entry into cells is mediated by the functional envelope spike, which consists of trimers of gp120 bound to gp41. Most variants of HIV-1 enter cells through attachment of the envelope spike to the main cellular receptor CD4, allowing interaction with a …
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Proteins Inside Cells and On the Surface of Membranes: Developing Three Dimensional In-Cell NMR and Structural Characterization of a Trimeric Membrane Proximal External Region Construct from HIV-1 gp41
… membrane proximal external region (MPER) of the HIV-1 envelope protein, gp41. This region is membrane associated and an important target for HIV-1 vaccine development because it contains the epitopes for several of the broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV-1. In addition to studies of the …
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The development of novel HIV-1 vaccines using modified recombinant BCG
… AIDS related deaths in 2014, an efficacious HIV1 vaccine is urgently needed. The UCT Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Vaccine Development Group has focussed on understanding novel HIV-1 vaccine vectors, such as modified BCG, combined with modified vaccinia Ankara in the context of …
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Examination of HIV-1 diversity and evolution by a bioinformatics approach
HIV-1 genetic diversity is a major obstacle for developing an effective vaccine. My hypothesis is that HIV-1 genetic diversity can be characterized and that cross-clade immunogens can be predicted at the population level. I systematically investigated positive selection (PS) pressures on HIV-1 Env …
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Genetic and immunological characterization of new subtype G envelope expressing HIV-1 pseudoviruses
… challenges for the development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine is the high genetic diversity of this pathogen and the complex escape mechanisms employed by the envelope gp120 and gp41 glycoprotein that form the envelope spike. An ideal vaccine would elicit the production of broadly neutralizing …
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Enhancing T-Cell Responses to Vaccination of HIV-1 infected Subjects on Antiretroviral Therapy
… and survival of those individuals infected with HIV-1. Even with the benefits to CD4+ cell counts, decrease in viremia and inflammatory biomarkers, HIV-1 infected individuals continue to exhibit functional issues in their T-cell immune responses to recall antigens and vaccines. Additionally, …
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Model Membranes Study the Lipid-Reactivity of HIV-1 Antibodies and Vaccine Antigen
<p>One promising HIV-1 vaccine target is the membrane-proximal external region (MPER) of viral gp41. MPER is poorly immunogenic, however, the two rare neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), 2F5 and 4E10, bind to MPER with great neutralizing ability. Although their neutralizing mechanism represents a …
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Design, Chemical Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Potential New Antiviral Agents
… caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Since its discovery in 1981, more than 25 million people died due to this disease. To date, an effective HIV-1 vaccine usable in prophylaxis or in the therapy of humans has not yet been identified. The failures and limited success of HIV …
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Characterisation of functional properties of Envelopes of highly neutralisation resistant HIV-1 isolates
An effective antibody-based HIV-1 vaccine would ideally elicit potent antibodies capable of neutralising a wide range of HIV-1 isolates to better cover the human population. A primary concern is the virus’ ability to rapidly escape an antibody response. A strong neutralising response elicited by a …
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The screening of neutralising antibodies against a resistant HIV-1 strain to identify novel epitopes
Since the start of the HIV/AIDS pandemic in the 1980s, over 75 million individuals have been infected with the virus and it has been the cause of approximately 36 million deaths worldwide. With such a high morbidity and mortality in HIV-1 infected individuals, there is a need to find ways of …
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Mechanisms of CD8+ T Cell Mediated Virus Inhibition in HIV-1 Virus Controllers
… to low or undetectable levels in a population of HIV+ therapy-naïve individuals known as virus controllers (VCs; <5000 RNA copies/ml and CD4+ lymphocyte counts >400 cells/µl). These subjects' ability to control viremia in the absence of therapy makes them the gold standard for the type of CD8+ …
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NOVEL MOLECULAR CANDIDATES WITH PROPHYLACTIC AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL AGAINST HIV AND MEASLES INFECTIONS
… il virus dell'immunodeficienza umana di tipo 1 (HIV-1) e (2) sviluppare anticorpi terapeutici contro le complicanze del virus del morbillo (MeV) a livello del sistema nervoso centrale (SNC), il tutto in un contesto preclinico. Alla fine del 2024, più di 40 milioni di persone in tutto il mondo …
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