Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 30 for “"HIV-1 replication"”.
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The Intracellular Kinetics of HIV-1 Replication
The rate of HIV-1 replication has an impact on the viral loads patients have and the time it takes for an infection to progress to AIDS. This replication rate is defined partly by the time it takes an infected cell to begin producing new infectious virus, and this, in turn, is defined by the time …
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Regulation of APOBEC3 activity and HIV-1 replication by P-body associated proteins
… defence against retroelements, including HIV-1. Although much has been discerned regarding the anti-viral nature of these proteins, their cellular function, as well as mechanisms of functional regulation and cellular co-factors, remains poorly defined. To address this, several cellular …
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Differential effects of progestogens on HIV-1 replication and host gene expression in primary PBMCs and cervical tissue explants
… studies suggest that MPA, unlike NET, increases HIV-1 acquisition in women, while few studies have reported on the effects of LNG on HIV-1 acquisition. Whether MPA, NET and LNG differentially affect HIV-1infection and the expression of key genes relevant to HIV-1 acquisition via differential …
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The immunological role of cell wall components from diverse Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates in regulating HIV-1 replication in human macrophages
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) coinfection remains a major global health threat. Both pathogens synergistically drive pathogenesis of the other. The risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB) is increased in people living with HIV-1, even in those …
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Synergism between immune activators and progestogens: differential effects on gene expression and HIV-1 replication and the role of the glucocorticoid receptor
… than half of the 36.9 million people living with HIV-1. In some regions particularly Sub-Saharan Africa, women of child-bearing age are at great risk of being infected with HIV-1 than men of the same age group. Transmission is mainly through penetrative vaginal intercourse with an infected male …
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Differential effects of combinations of anti-retrovirals and progestins on gene expression and HIV-1 replication in cells of the female genital tract
Young women in areas of high HIV risk are more vulnerable to new HIV infections compared to men. With the development of programmes using anti-retrovirals (ARVs) to prevent HIV infection, the concurrent use of hormonal contraception and ARVs is likely to increase in young women. Products delivering …
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Effect of Comorbidities on HIV-1 Pathogenesis in Monocytic Cells
… increased the life span of people living with HIV-1 (PLWH). However, the presence of comorbid conditions such as high prevalence of drug abuse and coinfections have deteriorated the health outcomes in PLWH and progression of HIV-1 infection to AIDS. In this study, we will be focusing on the …
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Tobacco/HIV-1-Induced Myeloid Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in HIV-1 Pathogenesis
… which is highly prevalent in people living with HIV/AIDS, has been shown to exacerbate HIV-1 replication, in part via cytochrome P450 (CYP)-induced oxidative stress. CYP enzymes metabolize cigarette smoke condensate (CSC), causing oxidative stress and cytotoxicity. Our previous studies have …
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Viral and Host Factors Associated with HIV-1 Vertical Transmission and Pathogenesis
The majority of neonates and infants acquire HIV-1 infection through vertical transmission. In addition these HIV-1 infected infants have a higher viral load and progress to AIDS faster than adults, often times more rapidly than their own infected mothers. However, the mechanisms of this …
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Early-stage drug discovery of HIV-1 frameshifting modulators
Human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) is a global health issue affecting approximately 35 million people worldwide. Despite the success of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), drug resistant viruses and adverse drug reactions raise the need for new classes of antiretroviral drugs. …
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Identification of novel cellular components associated with early HIV-1 nucleoprotein complexes
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a member of the subfamily lentiviridae and the etiological agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Treatment of HIV-1 infection includes a multi-drug regimen that severely limits active replication but is unable to completely eradicate …
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Functionalizing Branched Peptides with Unnatural Amino Acids Toward Targeting HIV-1 RRE RNA and Microbials
… Response Element (RRE) RNA is critical to the HIV-1 life cycle as this complex is required for the export of singly-spliced and unspliced mRNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Disruption of this interaction is considered to be a powerful strategy towards the development of HIV-1 …
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Macrocyclic Polyamines and Their Metal Complexes Targeting HIV-1
… and as of late, it has been studied for anti- HIV properties. It was reported to reduce apoptosis of astrocytes caused by HIV- 1 infected macrophages (M/M) supernatants, and in 2005, a poster presented at the International Conference for Antiviral Research claimed that HIV-1 replication was …
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Elucidating the mechanisms and dynamics of drug-mediated inhibition and latency reversal in HIV-1 (HIV-1)
… The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 (HIV-1) is the etiological agent of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, a disease that causes the host to succumb to secondary infections. There is currently no cure for HIV-1 infection, but Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) can bring the …
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Targeting Alternative Conformational States of the HIV-1 Rev Response Element Stem IIB using Small Molecules
… of RNA in drug discovery as therapeutics. The HIV-1 Rev response element (RRE) RNA which is a known drug target mediates the export of incompletely-spliced viral RNA to express viral proteins required for HIV-1 replication and spread. Rev protein first recognizes the purine-rich region on RRE …
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Genetic diversity of subtype C HIV-1 env variants in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) DNA from infected mother-child pairs : a comparison of Heteroduplex Mobility Assay (HMA) and Base Excision Sequence Scanning (BESS) methods
Immune system pressure on HIV-1 replication drives the antigenic changes seen over time. The monitoring of changes in viral sequences can provide important information on the nature of the immune response and the correlates of protection. Viral diversification may also occur due to other selective …
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A Novel Elvitegravir Nanoformulation for Drug Delivery Across the Blood-Brain Barrier to Suppress HIV-1 in Macrophages and Microglia
… decreased the morbidity associated with HIV-1 infection. However, the prevalence of HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) is still increasing. The appearance and persistence of HAND are partially due to the entry of HIV-1-infected monocytes into the brain. Within the central …
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Characterizing Roles of Host Cell Trafficking Factors in HIV Assembly and Release
<p>Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infects and destroys immune cells (e.g. CD4+ T cells), leading to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Antiretroviral therapy (ART) can suppress HIV-1 replication, but there is still no vaccine or cure. Here, we have addressed open questions …
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Molecular Mechanisms of HIV-1 Infection: Viral and Host Determinants in Transmission and Pathogenesis
HIV-1 vertical transmission is the predominant cause of AIDS in children. In addition, HIV-1 infected infants have a higher viral load and progress to AIDS more rapidly than infected adults. However, the molecular mechanisms of HIV-1 vertical transmission and pathogenesis are not known. Work …
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