Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 32 for “"HIV replication"”.
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A Novel Gene Therapy Approach Based on Secreted Antiviral Proteins for the Control of HIV Replication
HIV entry into target cells requires the interaction of the HIV envelope glycoprotein (Env) with a primary receptor (CD4) and a co-receptor (most commonly CCR5 or CXCR4). Protein-based HIV entry inhibitors are highly effective in protecting cells from infection. However, their clinical application …
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Modulation of Host BRD4 to Repress HIV Replication in Myeloid Cells: Major HIV Reservoirs in Central Nervous System
… cells (perivascular macrophages) are important HIV reservoirs in vivo, especially in central nerve system (CNS). Despite anti-retroviral therapy (ART), low-level persistent HIV replication in these reservoirs remains detectable, which contributes to neuroinflammation and neurological disorders …
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The role of tetraspanin pretein CD63 in humna immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection and replication
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection typically involves interaction of Env with CD4 and a chemokine coreceptor, either chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5) or chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor (CXCR4). Other cellular factors supporting HIV replication have recently been characterized. …
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MODELING PRO-INFLAMMATORY CROSSTALK BETWEEN MICROGLIA AND ASTROCYTES DURING HIV INFECTION
HIV-Associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is a spectrum of cognitive deficits observed in 50% of people living with HIV (PWH). HAND is associated with viral transcription in the central nervous system (CNS) and neuroinflammation, though the mechanisms that drive this pathology remain poorly …
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Functional miRNA-based Phenotypic Screening as a tool to delineate HIV-host interactions and facilitate Novel Drug Discovery
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the causative agent of AIDS, a disease which affects over 24 million people globally and for which there is neither curative treatment nor vaccine available. As an intracellular pathogen that encodes only 15 proteins HIV-1 is highly dependent upon its host's …
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Enhancement of Hiv Persistence By Adipose Tissue
<p>A major challenge for HIV eradication is the persistence of cellular and anatomic viral reservoirs. The primary cellular reservoirs for HIV, memory CD4 T cells and macrophages, traffic into various tissues where most viral replication occurs, or in the case of virally-suppressed …
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Configurationally restricted bis-tetraazamacrocyclic complexes: chemokine receptor antagonists
… rheumatoid arthritis and most significantly HIV replication. CXCR4 plays a vital role in embryonic development but is not essential at the post-development stage; therefore, it has been identified as a potential therapeutic target.Bis-macrocyclic drugs (e.g. AMDS 100) bind to aspartate …
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Cytochrome P450 enzymes and oxidative stress in tobacco/nicotine mediated HIV pathogenesis
… US, the prevalence of cigarette smoking in the HIV-infected population is 50-70% compared to 15-20% in the general population, which further increases the risk of smoking-related health problems in this group. For example, HIV-infected smokers show decreased immune responses, poorer responses to …
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A Novel Role for and Potential Therapeutic Targeting of Heme Oxygenase-1 in HIV Neuropathogenesis
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) affect up to 50% of HIV-infected adults despite potent viral suppression with antiretroviral therapy (ART) and are associated with persistent neuronal damage, monocyte/macrophage activation, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress. Heme oxygenase-1 …
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Proteomic Analyses of HIV-1 Infected T-cells and the Functional Characterization of Cyclophilin B During HIV-1 Infection
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) lifecycle is complex and the virus interacts with many host cellular proteins for productive replication. Mass spectrometry analysis is a powerful tool to identify cellular proteins important for HIV replication and pathogenesis. Prior proteomic …
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Cell intrinsic innate immunity protein RPRD2 restricts transcription from the HIV-1 LTR in human cell lines
HIV-1 establishes latency after infection in resting CD4+ T-cells which prevents the host from clearing the virus. Highly active antiretroviral therapy effectively keeps HIV replication under control, however, the latent reservoir remains unaffected, thus therapy is never curative. The …
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The Impact of GB Virus C co-infection on Mother to Child transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus
… that can inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in vitro. Persistent coinfection with GBV-C has been associated with improved survival among HIV-infected adults while loss of GBV-C viremia has been associated with poor survival. If GBV-C does inhibit HIV replication, it is …
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Studies into the role of capsid serine/threonine residues in HIV core stability and virus replication.
Disassembly of the HIV viral core describes the rearrangement and release of capsid (CA) from the core following entry into the host cell. In this process, while the conical shaped core may be lost, some CA remains associated with the resulting reverse transcription (RTC) and preintegration …
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Genome scale identification of HIV Dependency factors across multiple HIV-1 strains
In this thesis, I developed a method called HIV-CRISPR screening at genome-wide scale, and then at a smaller, targeted scale, to uncover novel genes that may act as HIV-1 dependency factors. By using a screening technique which assesses enrichment or depletion of guide based on HIV-1 release from …
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Role of delay differential equations in modelling low level HIV viral load
Over the past 30 years, HIV has infected over 60 million people, with almost half succumbing to AIDS-related illnesses.While antiretroviral therapy, used to significantly reduce within-host HIV replication, was available within 10 years of the discovery of HIV/AIDS, it is only within the last 10 …
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The HIV-1 entry inhibition capabilities of Isoflavones
The availability of treatment for HIV infection has resulted in a drastic increase in the life expectancy of infected individuals. However, the current therapeutics fall short in many areas. A considerable 60% of treated individuals will show minor cognitive disorders due to infection, immune …
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Novel strategies for characterizing T Cell responses in SIV-infected rhesus monkeys
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the cause of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and has killed over 25 million people since the disease was first recognized in 1981. As of 2007, 33 million people globally are infected with HIV and this number is growing. HIV infects and depletes CD4+ …
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Characterization and Development of a Novel Cytomegalovirus for Evaluation as an HIV Vaccine Viral Vector in a Non-Human Primate Model
Within the field of HIV vaccine design, it has been recognized that there is a real need to diversify the pool of vectors undergoing testing and to utilize vectors that can induce durable immunity. Herpesviruses, such as cytomegalovirus (CMV), show much promise as viral vectors, as they establish …
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Modeling HIV-1 Infection and Immune Responses Under Drugs of Abuse
The frequent use of drugs of abuse among HIV infected individuals is a major concern. Drugs of abuse, such as opiates, have been widely associated with enhanc ing HIV replication, accelerating disease progression, and diminishing host-immune responses. Moreover, opiates such as morphine have also …
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Synthesis of Macrocyclic Polyamines and their Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn Complexes Targeting HIV (AIDS).
… bicyclam AMD3100 act as entry inhibitors against HIV by different mechanisms. The manganese complex of pyridine-fused macrocyclic polyamine (M40401) has been found to reduce HIV-1 induced apoptosis of astroglial cells. Based on these findings, seventeen new compounds were designed and synthesized, …
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