Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 19 of 19 for “"HIV data"”.
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HIV prevalence estimates and their use in regression models: cautionary evidence from Zimbabwe and studies of the relationship between armed conflict and HIV
… The first is that regressions on country-level HIV prevalence are compromised by the fact that the HIV data used are estimates and not empirical data points. The HIV prevalence rates published by UNAIDS are estimates derived from epidemiological modelling (using EPP and Spectrum) in which data …
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Methods and applications for space-time data
Spatial and spatio-temporal data are presented in a variety of forms and require a unique set of techniques to analyze. The goal of such analyses is often to estimate the spatial and/or temporal dependency structures of the underlying random field. This estimation in turn can then be used to make …
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Poisson regression models for interval censored count data.
… in the presence of zero inflation and missing data. As a motivating example, we consider data arising from a Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) vaccine trial featuring imprecise counts, missing data, and an abundance of values which are either exactly observed to be zero or are left censored. We …
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Estimating Non-homogeneous Intensity Matrices in Continuous Time Multi-state Markov Models
… intensities in the presence of missing data. A simulation comparing the piecewise constant method with the local EM method is examined using two different sets of underlying intensities. In addition, model assessment tools such as bandwidth selection, grid size selection, and …
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Application of dynamic prediction models for longitudinal biomarkers and clinical outcomes in low and middle-income settings
… with chronic diseases offers valuable data for understanding disease progression and treatment effectiveness, often using biomarkers. With the modernisation of clinical care, prediction models have received greater attention in analysing such data. Prognosis prediction modelling …
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The management of post-infectious hydrocephalus in people living with HIV: a prospective observational study
… hydrocephalus (PIH) in people living with HIV (PLHIV) is a common complication presenting to neurosurgeons in South Africa, but there is limited evidence to guide management of these patients. Objectives The study aimed to prospectively document the in-hospital management and 12 month …
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Penalized spline modeling of the ex-vivo assays dose-response curves and the HIV-infected patients' bodyweight change
… the semi-parametric modeling approach to analyze data in health science research areas. This dissertation has three parts. The first part discusses the modeling of the dose-response relationship with correlated data by introducing overall drug effects in addition to the deviation of each …
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A copula approach to sample selection modeling of treatment adherence and viral suppression among HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Namibia
… has a generalized human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic, with HIV mainly transmitted through heterosexual transmission. Although the number of people receiving ART has increased, the achievement of the 90-90-90 strategy on testing, treatment and suppression has not been evaluated. Moreover, …
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A multi-regional adaptation of the ASSA2008 AIDS and Demographic Model for population projections
… are fitted to the census/survey migration data in order to obtain parameters used to estimate migration rates in the model for the period 1996-2007. After 2007, migration rates areextrapolated roughly linearly, assuming that migration will trend towards zero over a fixed number of years. …
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The validation of a screening tool for the identification of dysphagia in the paediatric population with HIV/AIDS
Background: The paediatric population with HIV is at higher risk for feeding and swallowing difficulties (FSD) than the general paediatric population, which may contribute to increased morbidity and mortality. Consequences of dysphagia may include insufficient nutritional intake leading to growth …
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The relationship between household wealth and HIV prevalence in Ethiopia
… influences different health outcomes including HIV/AIDS. Although poverty (low socioeconomic status (SES)) and HIV prevalence are correlated at the global level, the association between SES and HIV prevalence is rather mixed in sub-Saharan Africa. Differences in findings could be attributed to …
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Evaluation of Imputation Methods Focusing on Categorical Outcomes
… cases, excluding incomplete rows from the dataset. This approach poses particular challenges when the objective is to predict a rare outcome, especially when some of the ob servations with the rare outcome are incomplete. In such cases, the available information to support the model in …
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Modelling survival in HIV cohorts with applications to data from Zomba, Malawi
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) pandemic still remains a major public health concern worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that approximately over 70% of people living with HIV in the world are in sub-Saharan region. Malawi is one of the worst affected countries in …
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The Burden of Hepatitis B Among People Living with HIV in East Africa: Evidence from 2016?2019 Population-Based HIV Impact Assessment Surveys
… public health challenge among people living with HIV (PLWH), particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Africa, which is second to Asia in chronic HBV prevalence, globally it was reported approximately 60 million cases in 2017, with nearly 74% of global HBV/HIV co-infections occurring in the SSA …
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Feasibility, validity and utility of HIV testing data as key components of HIV case-based surveillance
Background: HIV case-based surveillance (CBS) is recommended by the World Health Organization and other global agencies, for tracking progress towards achieving the 95-95-95 targets to end the HIV epidemic. CBS involves gathering individual-level data for each person diagnosed and linking these …
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Molecular characterisation of Diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) diagnosed at Groote Schuur Hospital (GSH)
… the molecular alterations with histopathological data. The clinical data like prognosis and treatment outcomes for these cases were not available. Results: The patient cohort comprised 75 cases. The age range was between 18 and 83 years with 31 (41.3%) females and 44 (58.7%) males. HIV data was …
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Prevention of mother-to-child-transmission of HIV in Khayelitsha: a contemporary review of services 20 years later
… Prevention of Mother-To-Child-Transmission of HIV(PMTCT) pilot programme in Khayelitsha. The programme evolved alongside the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines; in 2013 the recommended guidelines in the province was WHO Option B+( life-long antiretroviral therapy (ART) irrespective of …
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Modelling HIV/AIDS epidemic in Nigeria
… is one of the countries most affected by the HIV/AIDS pandemic, third only to India and South Africa. With about 10% of the global HIV/AIDS cases estimated to be in the country, the public health and socio-economic implications are enormous. This thesis has two broad aims: the first is to …
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Quantification of replication present in HIV reports and effect of patient movement between wards on MRSA infection
… diseases, such as Human Immunodefficiency Virus (HIV), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Swineflu (H1N1) and hospital acquired infections, such as Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) and Clostridium Diffcile, are serious health problems which have been tackled by the World …