Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 34 for “"HIV Vaccine"”.
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Enhancement of HIV vaccine efficacy via lipid nanoparticle-based adjuvants
… vehicles which enhance immune responses to vaccines. The lack of progress in the development of an HIV humoral vaccine is due, in part, to the absence of available adjuvants which can be sufficiently potent with minimal adverse side effects. The main goal of this thesis was to develop …
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Role of viral vectors in candidate HIV vaccine-induced immune responses
Over 30 years since the discovery of HIV, the development of a vaccine for the prevention of HIV/AIDS remains a global research priority. Several candidate vaccines have reached clinical efficacy trials in recent years; of these, only the RV144 trial, which utilized the recombinant canarypox vector …
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The Politics of Health: Community Engagement in South African HIV Vaccine Trial Sites
… play meaningful political roles in South African vaccine clinical trial sites. The thesis confirms the need to understand the socio-economic, political and historical contexts in which local health initiatives are situated, by identifying the combined impact of negative social norms and the …
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Assessment of Informed Consent Understanding: HIV Vaccine Trials in Port-Au-Prince, Haiti
Introducing the HIV vaccine trials to research naive populations, particularly those in resource-limited settings of less industrialized countries, may include many obstacles. The aim of the informed consent process is to inform potential participants; however, measuring the efficacy of this …
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Investigating predictors of willingness to receive an HIV vaccine in a South African sample of young adults
HIV continues to be a major global health challenge, leading to substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic burden. Low and middle-income countries have long borne the brunt of the global epidemic. Specifically, South Africa has the largest population of people living with HIV. Promisingly, new …
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Investigating cross-clade immune responses in HIV-1 subtype C-infected individuals from South Africa: implications for HIV vaccine design
Background An effective HIV vaccine remains the main hope for controlling the HIV epidemic and is a global health priority. The genetic diversity of the virus across the globe is a major impediment to developing an effective vaccine. Whether a universal vaccine is possible still remain elusive. …
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Characterization and Development of a Novel Cytomegalovirus for Evaluation as an HIV Vaccine Viral Vector in a Non-Human Primate Model
Within the field of HIV vaccine design, it has been recognized that there is a real need to diversify the pool of vectors undergoing testing and to utilize vectors that can induce durable immunity. Herpesviruses, such as cytomegalovirus (CMV), show much promise as viral vectors, as they establish …
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An evaluation of novel lipid-enveloped nanoparticles for adjuvant and antigen delivery for an HIV vaccine : stepping from laboratory into potential markets
… effort has been devoted to the development of a vaccine against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the technological and economical aspects of a potential vaccine designed by Professor Irvine's group. Lipid-enveloped virion-sized nano-particles with a …
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An investigation of the effects of helminth worm infection on the capacity of HIV vaccines to boost vaccine-generated immune responses
… against sexual transmission, successful future HIV vaccines will likely be given to adolescents as a booster subsequent to primary immunization during infancy. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), a large proportion of children are chronically infected with a variety of helminths. These infections may …
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Anti-vector immune responses to an MVA vaccine
… responses to MVA from a candidate MVA-vectored HIV vaccine in non-human primates, and examined the effect of anti-vector immunity on the response to the HIV immunogens.
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An investigation of the impact of parasitic worm infection on the immunogenicity of candidate HIV vaccines
Development of effective and affordable HIV vaccines is one of the best and cost-effective strategies for controlling the HIV epidemic and a top priority in endemic areas. Successful future candidate HIV vaccines are expected to elicit effective antibody and T cell-mediated responses. This is …
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An investigation of memory T cell phenotypes in peripheral blood of Chacma baboons after immunisation with candidate HIV-1 vaccines
Previous studies from the HIV Vaccine Development Group at the University of Cape Town have reported that immunisation with recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara (SAAVI MVA-C) or DNA prime and Pr55 Gag virus-like particle (VLP) boost based on HIV-1 subtype C are able to successfully induce vaccine …
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The Development and Assessment of Immune Responses in Plasmid DNA, VSV-Vectored, and Virus-Like Particle HIV Vaccinations in Murine Models
… the Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV)-vectored HIV vaccine (VSVXN2∆G/CDO-EBOVGP+HIV-1 Codon-optimized A74_Env-EC/SIV_Env-TMCT) in Rhesus macaques provided protection to 50% of the animals against low-dose challenges with SHIVenv_SF162P infection, making it an effective vaccine candidate. …
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An exploration of young women's perceptions and experiences of participating in HIV prevention vaccine clinical trials in Nyanga Township in the Western Cape, South Africa
HIV and AIDS has severely inflicted suffering on the global population and reported to be the worst killer disease in sub-Saharan Africa. Preventive measures such as condom use among young people is still low and less effective in preventing the spread of the disease, it was recommended by the …
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Optimization of chimaeric HIV-1 virus-like particle (VLP) production and immunogenicity testing of VLPs in mice
The devastating effect the HIV pandemic has had on the human population in the last twenty five years has highlighted the great need to develop a prophylactic HIV vaccine. The manufacture of a vaccine has proven difficult though, with a number of successful designs in animal models having little …
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Poisson regression models for interval censored count data.
… data arising from a Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) vaccine trial featuring imprecise counts, missing data, and an abundance of values which are either exactly observed to be zero or are left censored. We compare frequentist and Bayesian generalized linear mixed models of the lower limits of the …
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High-throughput methods for characterizing the immune repertoire
… 2) characterize elite neutralizing antibodies to HIV, to better understand the constraints for designing an HIV vaccine, and 3) develop new methodologies for discovering auto-antigens, and assaying large libraries of protein antigens in general. We hope that these projects will serve as …
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Development and Characteristics of the Earliest Cross-Neutralizing Antibody Response to HIV-1
… is considered an important part of a successful HIV vaccine. A better understanding of the factors associated with the development of broadly neutralizing antibody responses (effective against a wide range of clinical isolates), and the epitopes they target, will aid in our understanding of how …
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Truvada approved as HIV PreP: are South African doctors ready? Survey measuring willingness to prescribe and attitudes, knowledge, and practises regarding HIV PrEP amongst South African based doctors
HIV prevention has received renewed attention with the release of results from clinical trials dealing with the efficacy and safety of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), particularly once daily Truvada, within the last decade. The results seemed to suggest that PrEP is efficacious with high …
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HIV entry : a biophysical and mutational analysis of gp41-mediated membrane fusion and its inhibition
… designed to elucidate the manner in which the HIV-1 envelope protein (Env) initiates infection of host cells, and to develop inhibitors of viral entry. Env comprises two non-covalently attached subunits, gpl20 and gp41, that associate as a trimer on the virion surface. Once gp 120 contacts the …
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