Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 23 for “"Guardrails"”.
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Limits of Permissible Damage in Strong-Post W-Beam Guardrail
… the highest priority of guardrail performance. Guardrails with rail and post deflection posed a risk of vehicle vaulting due to lowered rail height and failure of the posts to separate from the rails. This risk would be even greater for guardrails embedded in soft soils, which allow for greater …
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Harmful events in guardrail crashes
While guardrails are intended to reduce the severity of ran-off-road crashes, even the best designs installed in the most appropriate locations cannot eliminate all serious injuries and fatalities associated with guardrail crashes. The performance of guardrails has been examined through controlled …
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Guardrail Height Safety Requirements Given Recent Crash History and Evolution of Vehicle Design
<p>Roadside barriers such as guardrails are fundamental to roadway safety, providing a critical last line of defense in preventing vehicles from leaving the roadway and impacting potential hazards. As vehicles are ever changing, it is necessary for guardrail design to adapt in response. Many …
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Injury Risk of Road Departure Crashes using Modeling and Reconstruction Methods
… Common roadside objects such as trees, poles, guardrails, embankments, culverts, and fences result account for roughly 46% of these fatalities. Efforts to reduce to injury risk and risk exposure in these crashes have been hampered by the difficulty in performing reconstructions. To address the …
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Performance assessment of road barriers in Indiana
… of road barriers (concrete barriers, W-beam guardrails, and high-tension cable barriers) in Indiana using cross-sectional statistical analysis. The evaluation was comprised of three components: 1) the effect on the crash frequency (segment level), 2) the effect on the probabilities of …
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Black spot analysis : infrastructure impacts on black spots in the Western Cape N1
… revealed that infrastructural problems (lack of guardrails, sign posts located close to highway) and geometrical factors (average paved shoulder width, single carriageway roads, and dangerous intersections) were present on the road. The Laingsburg Beaufort West analysis was the primary focus of …
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Stochastic information in the assessment of climate change
… strategies that are compatible with so-called guardrails. Guardrails are limits to impacts of climate change or to climate change itself. Therefore, the TWA determines the "maneuvering space" humanity has, if certain impacts of climate change are to be avoided. Due to uncertainty it is not …
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Investigation of W-Beam Energy-Absorbing Guardrail End Terminal Safety Performance Using Finite Element Modeling
Guardrails were designed to deter vehicle access to off-road areas and consequently prevent hitting rigid fixed object alongside the road (e.g., trees, utility poles, traffic barriers, etc.). However, guardrails cause 10% of deaths of vehicle-to-fixed object crashes which has attracted attention in …
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The Municipal Bond Market and Water Utilities: The Impact of Capital Markets on Local Communities and their Water Services
… and power of the bond market in setting the guardrails for water utilities and local government services, there are limited studies that center municipal bonds in local water management. This dissertation analyzes how the municipal bond market drives and responds to municipal characteristics …
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Designing for Racial Justice: AI, Data Visualization, and Mitigating Social Harm during Racial Discourse
… at combating so-called fake news, establishing guardrails, and reducing social harm against African Americans and their allies on social media. Cutting-edge frameworks, empirical testing via ChatGPT-4, and a mixed methods survey were critical to the methodology. The results revealed notable …
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Study of Output and Behavior of LLMs Using Confidence Framing in Prompt Engineering
… frames successfully weaponized alignment guardrails, increasing aggregate refusal rates from 43.3% to 71.1%. These results suggest that linguistic confidence is a trailing indicator of internal alignment rather than a marker of latent truth. This work establishes that overconfident framing …
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Essays on the Decision Value of Data in Marketing Measurement and Targeting
… for budget allocation, and proposes practical guardrails for reducing conflation risk. Chapter 4 studies personalization under third-party privacy protections that restrict analysts to a limited number of noisy aggregate queries rather than raw individual-level data. It develops a strategic …
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Generation Z teachers’ technology use shapes teaching, understanding of policy, and impression of leadership
… social media profiles, Gen Z teachers put up guardrails and self-censor for protection. In their use of teacher focused websites, Gen Z teachers meet learning standards for students and improve the depth of instruction. Time influences the use of AI by Gen Z teachers despite expressing …
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Incorporating LLM-based Interactive Learning Environments in CS Education: Learning Data Structures and Algorithms using the Gurukul platform
… features - Retrieval Augmented Generation and Guardrails. Gurukul's practice feature provides a hands-on code editor to solve DSA problems with the help of a dynamically Guardrailed LLM to prevent explicit code solutions. On the other hand, Gurukul's Study feature incorporates a Retrieval …
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Ecosystems for Responsible Entrepreneurship and Social Innovation: Navigating Change and Complexity
… disruption. Importantly, we theorize a set of guardrails which aid in the transition toward responsible entrepreneurship, managing the tensions associated with such a change. At a regional level, how do organizational sponsors maintain entrepreneurial ecosystems? Paper 2 draws on a qualitative …
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Image-based recognition, 3D localization, and retro-reflectivity evaluation of high-quantity low-cost roadway assets for enhanced condition assessment
… low-cost roadway assets such as traffic signs, guardrails, and pavement markings requires frequent reporting on location and up-to-date status of these assets. Today, most Departments of Transportation (DOTs) in the US collect data using camera-mounted vehicles to filter, annotate, organize, and …
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Adversarial Déjà Vu: Jailbreak Dictionary Learning for Stronger Generalization to Unseen Attacks
… to jailbreak attacks that bypass safety guardrails and elicit harmful behavior. Defending against such attacks is particularly challenging when adversaries introduce novel strategies that differ from those observed during training or redteaming. Existing alignment and adversarial training …
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Influence of Bridge Parameters on Finite Element Modeling of Slab on Girder Bridges
… sensitive to support restraints and to how the guardrails were modeled and less sensitive to the inclusion of bracing and thermal gradients in the model. The finite element models using extreme boundary conditions were successful in bracketing the field response. The factors identified from …
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An Analysis and Improvement of Robo-Advisory
… deploy explainable, auditable LLM pipelines with guardrails and human oversight. For investors, clearer mappings from responses to risk labels and risk-adjusted, benchmarked reporting are essential. Collectively, the programme offers a practical blueprint to make RA more transparent, accountable …
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DIRTY COMPUTERS: EROTIC DATA POETICS
… technological development, but existing guardrails around aggregation serve instead to foster an environment of algorithmic data storytelling. In this context, narratives written by data are deemed more truthful than the stories told by the data’s subject. Dirty Computers: Erotic Data …
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