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Showing 1 to 20 of 20 for “"Glycerophospholipids"”.
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Characterization of Molecular Glycerophospholipids by Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry
The physical properties of glycerophospholipids (GPLs) are not only determined by the head group (HG), but also by their fatty acid (FA) chains, which affect their distribution and function within membranes in the cell. Understanding the microheterogenity of lipid membranes on a molecular level …
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Structural elucidation of glycerophospholipids using metastable atom-activated dissociation mass spectrometry (MAD-MS)
Recent developments in analytical instrumentation have allowed scientists to investigate systems that were unattainable in the past. In the biomedical community this increase in investigative power has allowed the exploration of biological components like proteins, lipids, and DNA and their role in …
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Characterization of membrane lipids and, Changes therein during desiccation and rehydration of the resurrection plant Xerophyta humilis (Bak) Dur and Schinz
… in acyl chain composition within the major glycerophospholipids (in total and chloroplast suspension) and galactolipids (chloroplast suspension) at different stages of dehydration and rehydration treatments in the resurrection plant Xerophyta humilis (Bak) Dur and Schniz. This was done in …
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Applications of metabolomics to study the pathophysiology of adverse pregnancy outcomes
… samples showed that higher levels of several glycerophospholipids (3 phosphatidylethanolamines, 5 phosphatidylserines, 3 phosphatidylcholines, 1 lyso phosphatidylcholine, 1 phosphatidylglycerophosphate, 1 lyso phosphatidylglycerophosphate, 2 phosphatidylinositols, 2 …
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The Interaction of Obesity and Age and their effect on Adipose Tissue Metabolism in the Mouse
… composition of cell membranes, and in particular glycerophospholipids, an important membrane component, have been seldom investigated. Cell membrane components contribute to a variety of cellular processes including maintaining organelle functionality, providing an optimized environment for …
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Regulation of n-3 PUFA biosynthesis in proliferating and differentiated PC12 pheochromocytoma cells
… (EPG) and phosphatidylserine (SPG) glycerophospholipids (GPL) via the elongation/desaturation pathway following alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) supplements was observed.That was accompanied by a marked reduction of eicosatrienoic acid (Mead acid, 20:3n-9), an index of PUFA …
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Membrane Surface Charge and Lipid Signaling in Phagocytosis
… in these events. Sphingolipids, cholesterol and glycerophospholipids, notably the phosphoinositides, are required for the segregation of signaling microdomains and for the generation of second messengers. They are also instrumental in the remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton and in directing …
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Partial Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of a Sandhoff Mouse Model
… analysis showed a decrease in two metabolites of glycerophospholipids and acylcarnitines suggesting that the breakdown and synthesis is interrupted downstream of the GM2 Ganglioside storage. Lastly, consistent with other findings, we have shown amino acids (particularly alanine) to be elevated, …
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The Influence of Adenoviral Infection and the Group VIA Calcium-Independent Phospholipase A2 on Hepatic Lipid Metabolism
… (iPLA2) releases UFA from the sn-2 position of glycerophospholipids. We hypothesized that iPLA2 provides UFA to suppress SREBP. iPLA2 overexpression and inhibition studies were implemented. iPLA2 inhibition increased SREBP1 expression, SREBP-mediated transcription and the expression of SREBP1 …
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Elucidating the Interplay Between Lipids and Membrane Proteins Using Multiscale Computer Simulations
… COX-1 enzymes do so indiscriminately with glycerophospholipids, cholesterol, and fatty acids, but at different levels of interaction strength. Using atomistic simulations, we show the binding pathway of arachidonic acid to COX-1 and identify a series of arginine residues that guide it …
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Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase-2 (LPCAT-2) & protein S-acylation in macrophage innate immunity
… (LPCAT)2 is an enzyme involved in remodelling glycerophospholipids within cell membranes and the generation of platelet-activating factor. LPCAT2 also mediates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine responses in both murine and human macrophages. Investigations into the mechanism behind …
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Lipid Biomarkers of Bering and Chukchi Sea Euphausiids and Their Application to Diet History
… in both the Bering and Chukchi Seas. Finally, glycerophospholipids (GPL), as well as di- and triacylglycerols (referred to here as di- and triglycerides; DG and TG), were followed using tandem liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS<sup>n</sup>) to gain detailed information about …
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The Role of Secretory Phospholipase A2 Group IIA in Obesity and Metabolism
… antibacterial actions. These enzymes hydrolyze glycerophospholipids at the sn-2 position releasing lysophospholipids and fatty acids. Though studies have shown PLA2G2A is pro-inflammatory and promotes atherosclerosis, no research has analyzed the role of this enzyme in obesity and metabolism. …
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Interaction of sPLA2 phospholipases with assemblies of natural and synthetic amphiphiles and the development of a drug delivery system for the treatment of breast cancer
… towards destabilizing liposomes made of natural glycerophospholipids. We studied the impact of co-lipids such as cholesterol and poly-ethylene-glycol (PEG)-conjugated lipids such as DSPE-PEG2000 on the stability of these liposomal delivery systems against PLA1 and PLA2-mediated hydrolysis, using …
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Reconstituting APP and BACE in proteoliposomes to characterize lipid requirements for β-secretase activity
… activity of BACE: 1.cerebrosides, 2.anionic glycerophospholipids, 3. cholesterol. Furthermore, we have co-reconstituted APP and BACE together in LUVs and demonstrated that BACE cleaves APP at the correct site, generating the beta-cleaved ectodomain identical to that from cells. We have …
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APPLICATION OF DATA ANALYTICS AND SPECTROSCOPY ON THE CHEESEMAKING PRODUCTION CHAIN
… span several major lipid classes, including glycerophospholipids, triacylglycerols, monoacylglycerols, sphingolipids, various fatty acids and cholesterols. Overall, the outcomes presented in this dissertation demonstrate that spectroscopic platforms coupled with data analytics tools can be a …
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The regulation of yeast homotypic vacuole fusion and membrane trafficking events by sphingolipids, ergosterol, and lipid rafts
… been significant progress made in the studies of glycerophospholipids as regulatory lipids, there are few such studies focused on sphingolipids. In the work below, we present initial studies that show that sphingolipids specifically regulate the tethering and docking steps of homotypic vacuole …
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Biochemical characterization of the first step in ether lipid biosynthesis: acylation of dihydroxyacetone phosphate
Glycerolipid biosynthesis is essential for cellular growth and proliferation. It is an indispensable pathway in many living organisms. In mammals four GPAT isoforms are known to catalyze the first step in glycerolipid biosynthesis which involves acylation of glycerol-3-phosphate to lysophosphatidic …
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Microscopic description of gas permeation and delivery pathways in biological macromolecules
Life on Earth fundamentally and indispensably relies on proper regulation and metabolism of inorganic molecules such as dioxygen (O2), nitric oxide (NO), carbon dioxide (CO2) and ammonia (NH3). These chemical species often act as substrates of enzymes and/or as ligands modulating biochemical …