Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 23 for “"Glutamate Transporters"”.
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Structure and function of glutamate transporters
… structural and functional features involved with glutamate transport by the excitatory amino acid transporters (EAAT1-5). This research derives from a study of X-ray crystal structures of an homologous archaeal transporter. Broadly, using computational methods to probe EAAT homology models born …
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Structure and function of glutamate transporters
… structural and functional features involved with glutamate transport by the excitatory amino acid transporters (EAAT1-5). This research derives from a study of X-ray crystal structures of an homologous archaeal transporter. Broadly, using computational methods to probe EAAT homology models born …
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The Role of Glutamate Transporters in Early Postnatal Hippocampal Neurogenesis
… progenitor pools of different aged mice. GltI, a glutamate transporter, was identified as a candidate which was upregulated 10 fold in progenitors from older animals. In astrocytes, GltI and Glast are required to maintain low levels of glutamate to prevent overstimulation of glutamate receptors. …
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Understanding How Sequence Differences Among Glutamate Transporters Might Contribute to their Differential Function in Glutamate Clearance in C. elegans
… clearance of the neurotransmitter. Glutamate-mediated neurotransmission involves the release of glutamate (Glu) into the synaptic cleft by the presynaptic cell and binding to glutamate receptors (GluR) on the postsynaptic cell, leading to activation of a signal transduction cascade. …
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The role of glutamate transporters and the scaffolding protein IQGAP1 in the regulation of AMPA receptor trafficking and turnover
Alterations in the strength of glutamatergic synaptic activity shape the synaptic localization of AMPA (a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid)-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs), and this process is thought to underlie higher brain functions such as learning and memory. During …
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State-dependent changes in astrocyte regulation of extrasynaptic NMDA receptor signaling in neurosecretory neurons
Despite the long-established presence of glutamate NMDA receptors at extrasynaptic sites (eNMDARs), their functional roles remain poorly understood. Factors influencing the concentration and time course of glutamate in the extrasynaptic space, such as the topography of the neuronal–glial …
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Effect of metabolic insult on amino acids in the ciliary epithelium, lens, and retina
… cell resolution. The results showed that a glutamate/glutamine cycle exists between the ciliary epithelium and lens, in analogy to the metabolic relationship between neurons and glia in the retina. with the localisation of glutamine synthetase and glutamate transporters, amino acids …
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Cell-type specific contributions to Rett Syndrome : neuronal and astrocytic signaling and sensory processing
… phenotype. They express the two most abundant glutamate transporters in the brain responsible for the majority of glutamate clearance from synapses. Indeed, lack of MeCP2 in astrocytes leads to a reduction in signaling pathways and aberrant glutamate transporter expression, with strong …
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The vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT): heterologous expression, proteoliposome, computational and mass spectral studies
<P>Vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) are integral membrane proteins that uptake glutamate into synaptic vesicles and are involved in glutamatergic neurotransmission. Since VGLUTs were identified and cloned, efforts have been made to characterize their functional roles. However, due to …
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The vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT): heterologous expression, proteoliposome, computational and mass spectral studies
<P>Vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) are integral membrane proteins that uptake glutamate into synaptic vesicles and are involved in glutamatergic neurotransmission. Since VGLUTs were identified and cloned, efforts have been made to characterize their functional roles. However, due to …
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STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF A NEURONAL GLUTAMATE TRANSPORTER
<p>Glutamate transporters have a homotrimeric subunit structure with a large central water-filled cavity that extends partially into the plane of the lipid bilayer (Yernool et al., 2004). In addition to uptake of glutamate, the transporters also mediate a chloride conductance that is gated by Na+ …
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STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF A NEURONAL GLUTAMATE TRANSPORTER
<p>Glutamate transporters have a homotrimeric subunit structure with a large central water-filled cavity that extends partially into the plane of the lipid bilayer (Yernool et al., 2004). In addition to uptake of glutamate, the transporters also mediate a chloride conductance that is gated by Na+ …
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Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Beta (CaMKIIβ): A Regulator of Oligodendrocyte Maturation and Myelination
… the regulation of CNS myelination, the effect of glutamate signaling on CaMKIIβ and in particular its actin binding site were assessed. These data showed that signaling via glutamate transporters promote an increase of process network in oligodendrocytes. This effect was associated with a …
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Knockout of the glutamate transporter GLT-1 specifically from neurons drastically alters transcriptome profiles in CA3, CA1, and Striatum
Precise regulation of glutamate homeostasis is critical for normal brain function, as its disruption can impair excitatory transmission and result in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Critical to maintaining glutamate homeostasis is a family of sodium-dependent glutamate …
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Rapid diffusion in the brain extracellular space - biophysical constraints and physiological implications
… biophysical models have shown that, in central glutamatergic synapses, changes in extracellular diffusivity or glutamate transporter functions exert significant influences on the excitatory transmission. Failures of transporter functions have also been related to neurological disorders. The …
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Astrocytic Contribution to the Glutamatergic Transmission in Schizophrenia
… with schizophrenia, focusing specifically on the glutamatergic abnormalities in the hippocampus, one brain region repeatedly found to bear structural, molecular, and blood flow abnormalities in the disease. I have started with the in vivo measurement of glutamate and glutamine using magnetic …
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Investigation of structural dynamics and the function of membrane proteins with computational techniques
… proteins, secondary active neurotransmitter transporters strictly couple the uphill transport of the substrate, with Na+and/or H+ ions. To achieve their functional role, these transporters undergo large-scale transition between outward-facing (OF) and inward-facing (IF) states, following the …
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Elucidation of the Specificity of Neuroactive Steroids and Related Compounds at the at the Vesicular Glutamate Transporter
As the primary excitatory amino acid, glutamate is essential to proper functioning of the mammalian CNS. Proper regulation of the synaptic release of glutamate, potentially regulated by synaptic vesicle content, is one of many critical aspects to normal excitatory functioning. In particular, the …
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Elucidation of the Specificity of Neuroactive Steroids and Related Compounds at the at the Vesicular Glutamate Transporter
As the primary excitatory amino acid, glutamate is essential to proper functioning of the mammalian CNS. Proper regulation of the synaptic release of glutamate, potentially regulated by synaptic vesicle content, is one of many critical aspects to normal excitatory functioning. In particular, the …
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Ossitocina nella Sostanza Nera del ratto: azione sull'attività locomotoria e interazione con i neuroni dopaminergici, glutammatergici e GABAergici nigrali
… the modifications induced in the dopaminergic, glutamatergic and GABAergic systems, assessed by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against TH, vesicular glutamate transporters (VGluT1, VGluT2 and VGluT3) and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD). Together, the results of the above experiments with …
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