Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 25 for “"Glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS)"”.
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Genistein-Induced Potentiation Effect on Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion (GSIS) in INS-1 β-cells
Impaired secretion of insulin as well as insulin resistance is a critical characteristic of type 2 diabetes. Thus, correction of the deficient secretion of insulin as well as improvement of insulin action is an important target for prevention of overt type 2 diabetes. Sulfonylureas have been used …
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Epigallocatechin Gallate in the Regulation of Insulin Secretion
… mass and beta-cell dysfunction lead to impaired insulin secretion, and ultimately worsen glycemic control. Green tea has drawn wide attention due to its possible health-promoting properties, including enhancement of beta-cell function. We assessed the acute and relative long-term effects of …
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Mitochondrial Involvement in Pancreatic Beta Cell Glucolipotoxicity
High circulating glucose and non-esterified free fatty acid (NEFA) levels can cause pancreatic β-cell failure. The molecular mechanisms of this β-cell glucolipotoxicity are yet to be established conclusively. In this thesis by exploring mitochondrial energy metabolism in INS-1E insulinoma cells and …
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Investigation of pancreatic beta cell differentiation and function, and global profiling analysis of diabetes serum for the identification of disease biomarkers
… aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), specifically the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in this process. TaqMan low density miRNA arrays identified a panel of 10 miRNAs down-regulated in glucose non-responsive compared to glucose responsive MIN6 …
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Identification of genipin as a potential treatment for type 2 diabetes
… disease characterized by hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and the dysfunction of β-cells. While there are several therapies for T2D, there is no effective treatment that can reverse the functional decline of pancreatic β cells in T2D patients. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a …
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New Roles of the Transcription Factor NKX6.1 in Beta Cell Biology
… loss of beta cell function, particularly glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), and a gradual diminution of beta cell mass. To identify genes that are involved in GSIS and contribute to the mature beta cell phenotype, a panel of beta cell lines with varying capacities for GSIS was …
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Identifying Genes in Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function using a Novel High-Thoughput Cell-Based Screening Assay
… is a complex disorder caused by elevated blood glucose levels that arise from peripheral insulin resistance and/or impaired insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta-cells. It is a global epidemic affecting millions of people around the world, bringing serious economic burden to health care …
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Exocytosis in Type 2 Diabetes- Functional and genetic studies of hormone secretion
… by dysregulated beta-and alpha-cell hormone secretion leading to elevated blood glucose levels. Several proteins are crucial in maintaining exocytosis of the hormone-containing granules such as Syntaxin1A (Stx1A), SNAP25, Munc-18 (Stxbp1) and the family of Synaptotagmins (Syts). The aim of …
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The impact of glucotoxicity on pancreatic β-cell function
… mellitus is connected with elevated plasma glucose levels which negatively influence β-cells and cause impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). The aim of present thesis was to investigate the impact of long-term hyperglycemia on the pancreatic islet β-cell function. The data …
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Regulation of Exocytosis by Syntaxin 4-Munc18c Complexes
Type 2 diabetes involves defects in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) from the pancreatic beta cells in combination with defects in peripheral (muscle and adipose) tissue glucose uptake. Both GSIS and glucose uptake are regulated by Syntaxin 4 (Syn4)-Munc18c complexes. Importantly, …
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Pyruvate Cycling Pathways and Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion in Pancreatic Beta Cells
Pancreatic β-cells secrete insulin in response to glucose. Intracellular glucose metabolism drives a cascade of events, including ATP production, calcium influx, and insulin processing, culminating in insulin granule exocytosis. However, insulin secretory mechanisms are incompletely understood. …
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Investigation of molecular and cellular events associated with beta cell function and elucidation of extracellular RNAs as potential biomarker for diabetes
Diabetes is a chronic disorder of glucose metabolism and a major cause of premature mortality. The potential use of replacement beta cells as therapy for diabetes requires an ability to culture such cells while maintaining their functional status. Glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) is lost …
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Islet Dysfunction In Diabetes
… beta cells to synthesize and secrete sufficient insulin to meet the metabolic demands and the inability of tissues [muscle, adipose and liver] to efficiently utilize the secreted insulin leading to an overall increase in blood glucose levels [hyperglycemia]. As indicated by recent estimates from …
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Small gtp-binding proteins in insulin secretion
… failure which is characterized by defective insulin secretion and resistance to insulin. Understanding the molecular events leading to Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion [GSIS] might serve as therapeutic potential towards diabetes. GSIS involves interplay between small G-proteins and their …
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Genetic and epigenetic influence on oxidative phosphorylation, islet function and type 2 diabetes in humans
… The disease is characterised by impaired insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells and insulin resistance in peripheral tissues. Mitochondrial ATP production by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is known to play a critical regulatory role in glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). …
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The Human Pancreatic Islet Methylome and Its Role in Type 2 Diabetes
… I and II). Conversely, their mRNA expression, insulin content and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) were decreased in the same islets. We next analyzed genome-wide DNA methylation in human pancreatic islets from both T2D and non-diabetic donors (Study III). Nearly 1,500 CpG sites (853 …
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Mechanisms of regulation of islet function by nadph oxidase
<p>Glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) involves a series of metabolic and cationic events, leading to translocation of insulin-laden secretory granules from a distal site toward the plasma membrane for fusion and release of insulin into circulation. Vesicular transport and fusion events are …
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VERTICAL SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY IMPROVES GLUCOSE HOMEOSTASIS VIA [beta]- CELL GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 RECEPTOR SIGNALING BUT PROMOTES COLITIS DEVELOPMENT IN MICE
… in food intake, decreases in adiposity, improved glucose homeostasis, improved glucose stimulated insulin secretion, increases in post-prandial glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion, changes in the bile acid pool/profile, and remission of hypertension. Utilizing this model we have investigated …
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Identification of a Dual-Action Small Molecule with Potent Anti-diabetic and Anti-obesity Activity
… the fasting growing chronic diseases, caused by insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. While over thirty medications were approved to treat T2D in the United States, less than one in four patients treated with anti-diabetic drugs achieved the glycemic target. Thus, identifying more …
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Role of the Vitamin D Receptor in Insulin Secretion and Beta Cell Function
… human islets with Vitamin D results in enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). This response is VDR-dependent, as no VitD-mediated change in GSIS is observed in islets obtained from Vdr-null mice. However, VitD causes no changes in gene expression of any of the major islet hormones, …
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