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Showing 1 to 13 of 13 for “"Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial"”.
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Characterization of the Activation of the FlgSR Two-Component System in Campylobacter Jejuni
… Campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. This organism has the ability to live as a commensal or a pathogen, depending on the host with which it is associated. While colonization of the gastrointestinal tract of many avian and mammalian species results …
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Dynamics of Cell Fate Decision Making Between Sporulation and Competence in Bacillus Subtilis
… and ComK, along with other cross-regulatory genes, simultaneously in single B. subtilis cells. I found that, surprisingly, sporulation and competence progressed independently in the same cell without cross-regulation up to the final decision point. This finding was confirmed by the discovery …
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The Role of Host Hormones and Metabolites in the Regulation of Virulence in Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)
… signals, and use them as cues for differential gene regulation and niche adaptation. This allows for a temporal and energy efficient up-regulation of EHEC virulence factors that is essential for successful colonization and infection of the host. These virulence factors include motility genes, …
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Gene Regulation of Tartrate Metabolism in Salmonella typhimurium
… to understand how Salmonella coordinates its gene expression of carbon and energy sources as it experiences transient nutrient niches to facilitate a branched TCA cycle during early events in infection versus at later time points when an oxidative central metabolism is supported. Specifically, …
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Signals and Sensory Mechanisms that Impact Campylobacter jejuni-Host Interactions
Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of bacterial diarrheal disease worldwide and a frequent commensal organism of the intestinal tract of poultry and other agriculturally-important animals. Upon infection of the avian host, C. jejuni likely responds to external stimuli present within the …
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Butyrate Sensing by Campylobacter jejuni Impacts Bacterial-Host Interactions
… intestinal distribution of these metabolites, bacterial pathogens can use them as biogeographical cues to discriminate among different regions of the host intestines. Indeed, Campylobacter jejuni, a commensal bacterium of the lower intestinal tract of avian species and a leading cause of …
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Identification and Characterization of Aer, an Energy Sensor in Escherichia Coli
… for aerotaxis and energy responses. When the aer gene was inactivated, approximately 50% of aerotaxis responses were eliminated. When both <em>aer</em> and <em>fsr</em> were inactivated, aerotaxis, redox taxis and glycerol taxis were completely abolished. Expressing Aer in aer fsr cells restored …
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Structural and Mechanistic Roles of Novel Chemical Ligands on Quorum Sensing Transcription Regulator SdiA in Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli
… LuxR family of transcription factors to regulate gene expression to coordinate population behavior by sensing endogenously produced chemical signaling molecules, acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) [1]. However, some bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) do not produce AHLs and, therefore, their …
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Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Virulence Genes by GlmY and GlmZ in Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli
… receptor (Tir) into the host cell membrane. The bacterial adhesin intimin then binds to Tir, allowing EHEC to tightly adhere to the host cell’s membrane (109). Tir also indirectly recruits another bacterial effector EspFu, which induces actin polymerization. This causes the formation of the …
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Mechanisms of Virulence Regulation in Porphyromonas gingivalis W83
<p>The expression of extracellular proteolytic activities is highly regulated in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems. This regulation can occur at multiple levels including expression of the protease genes, secretion, processing of an inactive secreted precursor to its active form and/or the …
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Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress Resistance in Porphyromonas gingivalis W83
… gingivalis</em>is one of the most important bacterial etiological agents involved in adult periodontitis. It possesses several virulence factors which aid in its persistence in the periodontal pocket leading to the development of some systemic illnesses. As an anaerobe, <em>P. …
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Function and Properties of groE Chaperonins in Bacterial and Mammalian Cells
… expressed the <em>groES</em> and <em>groEL</em> genes in the eukaryotic cytosol and investigated three aspects of GroEL activity.</p> <p>First, we examined whether properties of GroES and GroEL in bacteria were retained in mammalian cells, such as GroELi4 and GroES<sub>7</sub>formation, and …
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Synergism of Gingipains in Endothelial Cell Adhesion Disruption and Apoptosis
<p>The presence of <em>Porphyromonas gingivalis</em>in the periodontal pocket and the high levels of gingipain activity detected in gingival crevicular fluid could implicate a role for gingipains in the destruction of the highly vascular periodontal tissue. To explore the effects of these proteases …