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Showing 1 to 20 of 26 for “"Forensic casework"”.
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Transgender identification: gender and sex estimation in forensic casework
… individuals has increased; however, the field of forensic anthropology has struggled to keep abreast with ever-evolving perceptions of sex and gender. Specifically, forensic anthropology lacks a codified approach to identifying transgender decedents due to binary assigned sex estimation methods …
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Application of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to forensic casework in Malaysia
… small amplicons. However, before applying to casework, it is important to develop allele frequency databases from relevant populations. The main aim of the study is to characterize three Malaysian major ethnic groups; Malay, Chinese and Indian, using 52 autosomal SNP markers that have been …
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Evaluation of insertion / deletion polymorphisms (INDELs) applied to forensic casework in Malaysia
In Malaysia, as well as other forensic laboratories in tropical climates many of the crime scene samples received at the forensic laboratory are less than ideal. They are often present low amounts and/or degraded due to environmental exposure to high temperatures, sun and humidity for days or even …
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The prevalence of synthetic cannabinoids in forensic casework based on data from the Drug Enforcement Administration's National Forensic Laboratory Information System
… cases of overdose and even death. The National Forensic Laboratory Information System (NFLIS) collects drug report information involving narcotics, stimulants, depressants, hallucinogens, cannabis, and emerging drugs such as anabolic steroids, phenethylamines, and synthetic cannabinoids, to name …
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Mitochondrial Dna Analysis By Pyrosequencing
… (deoxyribo nucleic acid) is typically used in forensic casework when small quantities of high molecular weight quality DNA is not expected to be present thus negating the chances of obtaining usable nuclear DNA. Typical samples that utilized mitochondrial DNA analysis are: hair, bones, teeth, …
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Sensitivity and Species Specificity of Bisulfite Modification and Pyrosequencing Technology Used to Identify Tissue-Specific DNA Methylation Patterns in Common Biofluids Foudn in Crime Scenes
… scene can help shed light on these aspects of forensic casework. Recently, DNA methylation has been used as a means of identifying biological materials, as opposed to conventional protein/enzyme based methods. DNA methylation is the addition of a methyl group to the 5' carbon on a cytosine base …
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Development, Validation and Applications of a Novel Multiplex Assay RM-Yplex Amplifying 13 Rapidly Mutating Y Chromosome Short Tandem Repeat Regions
… using RM-Yplex. The International Society of Forensic Genetics (ISFG) recommendations were followed for adopting allele nomenclature. As part of developmental validation, the assay was included in an external proficiency trial which was concluded successfully. An internal validation of …
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An evaluation of genetic markers for forensic identification of human body fluids
… are commonly recovered from crime scenes by forensic investigators and their identification are necessary part of forensic casework study. Current body fluid identification techniques rely on enzymatic tests, which have limited sensitivity and specificity, they require large amount of …
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The assessment of forensic molecular markers for skin colour in South Africans
… the approach towards human identification. In forensic casework, the emergence of molecular phenotyping, or phenotypic prediction from DNA, has mitigated some challenges involving the unavailability of references samples for traditional forensic DNA analysis. Molecular phenotyping via SNP …
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Constructing a DNA profile frequency database for South Africa using the Qiagen Investigator 24plex GO! Kit
DNA profiling is routinely used in the forensic setting to identify individuals during criminal and medico-legal investigations. Its principle is based on the molecular analysis of DNA to produce a string of alpha-numeric characters which can be matched to a known reference sample. The use of …
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Investigation into X-STR haplotype frequencies for forensic human identification in South Africa
… Herein, allele and haplotype frequencies and forensic parameters for the South African population are reported, as well as data related to the reproducibility, sensitivity, limit of detection, and concordance of the Investigator Argus X-12 QS kit. DXS10135 was the most informative locus, while …
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Investigation into DNA recovered from human teeth for forensic applications
… a burden of unidentified deceased individuals in forensic mortuaries. When human remains are severely compromised, hard tissues may provide the only DNA source for identification. The QIAamp® DNA Investigator Kit is used in forensic laboratories worldwide, including in South Africa, to extract DNA …
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Geographic Origin Estimation of Latin American Individuals Using Craniometric Data
… be used in lieu of broad ancestry estimation in forensic casework and reference samples need to be reassessed to narrow down the missing persons list and help facilitate identifications of unidentified remains.
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Sex and ancestry estimation using computed tomography: a comparison of the reliability of digital versus physical data collection
… used in place of skulls in research and forensic casework. Researchers work under the assumption that the dry skull-to-CT scan ratio is one-to-one; however, research on the accuracy of CT scans is sparse. In this study, eight skulls from the Boston University Donated Skeletal Collection …
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The effect of burning on pre-incineration trauma in bone
… on bone, the analysis of which can assist in forensic casework. Research that has been conducted to date, provide minimal information on controlled temperatures to analyse and distinguish pre- and post-burning trauma marks. The aim of this research was to assess and compare morphological …
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Identification of the deceased: A retrospective review of forensic anthropology Cape Town casework
… skeletonised or burnt. In this regard, Forensic Anthropology Cape Town (FACT), a service provider at the University of Cape Town (UCT), has assisted with identification. Data pertaining to anthropologically analysed cases in the Western Cape (WC) province is lacking and little is known …
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Development and optimisation of pre-treatment procedures to enhance total haemoglobin for carboxyhaemoglobin analysis in diluted blood samples
… be successful. Due to the nature of post-mortem forensic casework, sometimes the blood specimens sampled for COHb analysis are dilute, with tHb falling below the stated threshold. The purpose of this study was to assess and optimise two pre-treatment procedures to effectively increase tHb in …
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Investigating the use of CO-oximetry for simultaneous measurement of carboxyhaemoglobin and methaemoglobin in post-mortem blood
… of storage. Given that the nature of post-mortem forensic casework is such that suitable blood specimens are not always available for toxicological analyses, for the second aim of the study, the researchers sought to investigate the suitability of thoracic cavity fluid as an alternative specimen …
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Testing the Forensic Predictive Geolocation Significance of Human-made Particulates in Urban Surface Soils
Forensic geolocation is of increasing interest to the soil forensics and geoscience community. Not much is known about the forensic geolocation significance of anthropogenic materials in soils. As a result, the goal of this study was to investigate the potential forensic predictive geolocation …
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A study to investigate the persistence of polydimethylsiloxane and to determine the detection of polydimethylsiloxane in a body fluid matrix following Cellmark’s Sperm Elution©
… sample to allow complete analysis. In current forensic casework, forensic experts don’t usually suggest lubricant analysis if the time that the intimate swabs were taken exceeded 24 hours since the alleged sexual assault. Previous research implied that PDMS was able to be detected in the vagina …
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