Global ETD Search
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Showing 1 to 20 of 44 for “"Fluoroquinolones"”.
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Neurologic And Metabolic Safety Of Fluoroquinolones
… we investigate causal associations between fluoroquinolones and these adverse events. We used administrative health care claims data from a commercially insured adult population (Optum) prescribed either an oral fluoroquinolone or a comparator antibiotic between January 2000 and September …
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Evaluation of the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of enrofloxacin administration to pregnant mares
… that the neonatal animal is sensitive to fluoroquinolones, and that exposure during development will affect cartilage in the neonate. However, fluoroquinolones are used in some pregnant species without obvious effects on the fetus. To understand potential toxic effects on the fetus, the …
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Investigations into quinolone and fluoroquinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica
… adults the therapeutic agents of choice are the fluoroquinolones, especially ciprofloxacin, which is also used in addition to third generation cephalosporins in children. Fluoroquinolone resistance is rare and is mostly detected in strains associated with foreign travel. Nevertheless, reports …
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Molecular Mechanisms of Antibacterial Resistance Among Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Multi-Drug Efflux Pumps and Their Interactions with Other Resistance Mechanisms
… becomes resistant to certain antibiotics (i.e. fluoroquinolones) but simultaneously exhibits hypersusceptibility to imipenem and other drugs. In order to explore the relationship between levels of pump expression and susceptibility, phenotypic reveilants were generated by exposing …
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Perfil de resistência aos antimicrobianos frente à pseudomonas aeruginosa isoladas de afecções oftálmicas em diversas espécies: revisão sistemática
… (amikacin, gentamicin and tobramycin), to fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, nofloxacin and gatifloxacin) and to Imipenem. In the isolates were observed resistance of the 82,9% to chloramphenicol, proving not to be effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This is the prove that …
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Molecular Characterization of Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae
… research aimed to compare the ability of the fluoroquinolones ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin to select resistance over three mutational steps, correlate changes in fluoroquinolone susceptibility with mutations in the QRDRs, examine the role of efflux using phenotypic tests, and investigate the …
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Using wildlife to biomonitor for antimicrobial resistance in the Scottish environment
… However, instances of clinical resistance to fluoroquinolones, carbapenems, 3rd gen. cephalosporins, and genes associates with extended spectrum β-lactamase resistance were detected. We also investigated the use of freshwater invertebrates as a biomonitoring tool. We utilised invertebrate …
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Developments in the Mutant Prevention Concentration: A Novel Approach to Antimicrobial Susceptibility/Resistance Issues
… of the lipid bilayer. To determine if the fluoroquinolones gatifloxacin (Gfx) and moxifloxacin (Mfx) are more active (lower MIC values) in the presence of BAK, we conducted MIC, MPC, and time-kill assays. MIC testing showed that in the presence of 3.125 to 50 µg/ml of BAK, the MIC of Gfx …
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Incidence rate of fluoroquinolone resistant gram-negative rod bacteremia among allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant patients during an era of levofloxacin prophylaxis
… There are concerns that emerging resistance to fluoroquinolones (FQ) may be leading to increasing rates of gram-negative rod (GNR) bacteremia in hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients. We set out to describe time trends in the incidence rates (IR) of GNR bacteremia and FQ-resistant GNR …
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Implementation of an Outpatient Antimicrobial Stewardship Program to Reduce Fluoroquinolone Overprescribing at a Veterans Affairs Academic Medical Center
Background: Fluoroquinolones are often overprescribed in outpatient settings, and antibiotic stewardship programs designed to prevent overuse are not well described. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the change in overall and appropriate fluoroquinolone prescribing rates by primary …
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The epidemiology & molecular basis of fluoroquinolone resistant & susceptible isolates of Campylobacter coli
… a self-limiting disease, in severe cases, fluoroquinolones are the choice antibiotic for treatment. The presence of fluoroquinolone resistant C. coli strains in the food chain is cause for concern as this may be a source of resistant strains in humans. Sixty-one isolates were included in …
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Characterization of Clinical and Commensal Escherichia coli Isolates from an Integrated Turkey Operation
… and tetracycline. Although resistance to fluoroquinolones and β-lactam antibiotics occurred less frequently, the potential for resistance to emerge to these antimicrobials was evident. A Bayesian model to estimate sample size confirmed the diversity of avian fecal E. coli strains. Studies …
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Characterization of NfxB and PA4596, Two Repressors of the mexCD-oprJ Operon Encoding an RND-Type Multidrug Efflux Pump in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
… clinically important antimicrobials including fluoroquinolones, cephems, macrolides, and several biocides including chlorhexidine (CHX). Expression of mexCD-oprJ is negatively regulated by NfxB, a LacI-type repressor. The promoter region of mexCD-oprJ was identified and included two inverted …
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The application of ion mobility mass spectrometry to molecules of pharmaceutical significance
… separated components. Investigations with other fluoroquinolones, with both drift-tube ion mobility and travelling wave ion mobility, and using the trajectory method, remain consistent with the hypothesis of charge location isomers (see Chapter 3). A larger scale study sought to probe the …
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Antibiotic Tolerance and Heteroresistance: Associated Fitness Costs and Potential in Evading Antibiotic Killing
… including beta-lactams, macrolides, and fluoroquinolones.</p> <p>In the first chapter, we focused on fluoroquinolone resistance in S. pneumoniae. Fluoroquinolones are one of the most frequently prescribed antibiotics, yet fluoroquinolone resistance in S. pneumoniae is still rare compared …
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Strategies to potentiate bactericidal antimicrobial activity based on the suppression of bacterial stress response systems
… in increasing the activity and lethality of fluoroquinolones; (ii) to evaluate the interplay between the SOS response (DNA repair and recombination processes) and detoxification systems in the evolution of ciprofloxacin resistance under gradual or sudden antimicrobial exposure; and (iii) to …
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Characterization of the MexT Regulator of the mexEF-oprN Multidrug Efflux Operon of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
… of these, MexEF-OprN, exports chloramphenicol, fluoroquinolones and trimethoprim and is positively regulated by MexT, encoded by the mexT gene that is located upstream of the efflux genes. MexT also positively regulates the mexS gene that encodes an oxidoreductase of unknown function and whose …
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Identifying cross-species regimens for the treatment of rapid-growing and slow-growing nontuberculous Mycobacterium pulmonary infections
… M. avium and M. abscessus infection. Macrolides, fluoroquinolones, and rifabutin demonstrated comparable in vitro potency, but had variable performance across models. Azithromycin and ofloxacin were also effective and displayed synergy when combined with bedaquiline. Combinations of bedaquiline …
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Primary care antimicrobial stewardship: Impact on prescribing and resistance
… coliform bacteraemia were observed for fluoroquinolones (34.7% reduction three years post-intervention) and cephalosporins (-48.3%) but there was no significant change in co-amoxiclav resistance. There was no evidence of an increase in bacteraemia admission rates or mortality, but length …
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Studies in iridium and manganese catalysis in C-H activation and reductive transformations
… and transformation of the C-7 position of 6-fluoroquinolones in excellent yields. This protocol is further expanded upon in Chapter 1, Part II to include the borylation of the biologically significant N-ethyl 3-carboxylate-6-fluoroquinolone in good yields. Furthermore, we have identified a …
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