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Showing 1 to 20 of 38 for “"Flame Retardants"”.
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Developmental Toxicity of Organophosphate-Based Flame Retardants
… mixture known as PentaBDE was once the primary flame retardant (FR) used in the US to comply with California's Technical Bulletin 117 (TB117) - a mandated flammability standard for polyurethane foam within upholstered furniture and baby products. In 2004, due to concerns about persistence, …
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BIOINSPIRED POLYAMIDOAMINES AS INNOVATIVE FLAME RETARDANTS FOR CELLULOSIC FABRICS
… derived from natural a-amino acids as effective flame retardants for cotton fabrics; 2. Study of the polyamidoamine decomposition products upon heating; 3. Phosphorous-sulphur-based polyamidoamines as flame retardants for cotton fabrics; 4. Study of the synergism between a-aminoacid …
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Innovative, Platy Nano-Additives as Efficient Flame Retardants for Polymer Nanocomposites
… layered materials (nano-additives) as innovative flame retardants for polymer nanocomposites. In particular, polystyrene (PS) nanocomposites were prepared with a variety of nano-additives including layered double hydroxides (LDHs), hectorite (hect), graphite oxide (GO), or a combination of these. …
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Determining the removal effectiveness of flame retardants from drinking water treatment processes
… concentrations of organophosphoric acid triester flame retardants tributyl phosphate, tri(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, and ethanol, 2-butoxy-, phosphate (3:1) were measured after major treatment processes at the Chattahoochee Drinking Water Plant in Atlanta, Georgia, USA. The findings indicated …
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THE IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF ORGANOPHOSPHATE FLAME RETARDANTS IN RAW MATERIALS UTILIZED IN POLYURETHANE PRODUCTION
<p>Flame retardant additives are utilized in various polyurethane applications to comply with industry and flammability standards. Federal regulations and restrictive standards continue to tighten controls on certain impurities found in flame retardant blends. These restrictions include the …
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Evaluation of the toxicity of the brominated flame retardants, PBDE-47 and HBCD, in neuronal cell lines
… and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) are brominated flame retardants (BFRs) commonly used in a wide range of consumer products. They bioaccumulate and persist in the environment, and have been detected in humans and wildlife. Their ability to pass the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and to accumulate in …
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Development of an inline cleaning procedure and a concentration method for analyzing low levels of organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers in sediment
… the background contamination of organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizes (OPFPs) during sediment analysis, an inline cleaning procedure was developed to clean materials (extraction cell, glass fiber filters, diatomic earth, and aluminum oxide) involved in sediment extraction using …
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Mammalian carnivores as bioindicators to evaluate the exposure and bioaccumulation of organic contaminants in terrestrial ecosystems
… PBDEs, and various other alternative halogenated flame retardants. Concentrations of ∑PCBs ranged from 76.4 ng/g lw to 3782 ng/g lw (median 562.97 ng/g lw). Male bobcats had significantly higher concentrations of PCBs than females (p = 0.04). Concentrations of ∑PBDEs (including all detectable PBDE …
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Design of Mixed-Solvent Extraction and Size-Exclusion Simulated Moving Bed Chromatography to Recover Valuable Compounds from Electronic Waste
… tons of polycarbonates and over 500,000 tons of flame retardants are consigned to landfills each year in the form of waste electrical and electronic equipment. Electronic waste is the fasting growing waste steam at a rate of 3-5% per year. Two separation processes are developed to efficiently …
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Métodos analíticos para la determinación de compuestos disruptores endocrinos
… mass spectrometry determination of brominated flame retardants in indoor dust M.P. Martínez and M.T. Tena, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 404 (2012) 289-295. 3. Use of microextraction by packed sorbents following selective pressurized liquid extraction for the determination of …
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Analysis of patent data for flame-retardant plastics additives
… and applied to a set of patents that refer to flame retardants. The claims section of a patent is presented as a graph, with individual claims as points and references between claims as lines connecting those points.
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Designing quantitative structure activity relationships (QSAR) to predict specific toxic endpoints for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) in mammalian cell culture systems.
… are becoming increasingly known as effective flame retardants and have vast industrial application in products like plastics, building materials, and textiles. They are found to be structurally similar to thyroid hormones that are responsible for regulating metabolism in the body. Structural …
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Study of the reaction of nitriles with dialkyl phosphites for synthesis of a-Amino-bis-phosphonates
… a vast array of products from water chelators to flame retardants to pharmaceuticals. Previous methods to synthesize these compounds involved the use of protic acids, which don’t provide ideal conditions for the starting materials containing acid labile functional groups in pharmaceutical …
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Development of phase change material integrated oriented strand board for thermal energy storage
… leakage during the phase change, to serve as flame retardant, or to enhance the bonding between the SSPCM and wood strands. Three types of flame retardants were used, purified expanded graphite (EG), graphite nanoplatelets (xGnP) and nano magnesium hydroxide. The results of this study show …
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Extraction of Additives from Polystyrene and Subsequent Analysis
… as antioxidants, uv stabilizers, process lubes, flame retardants and antistats from eight formulations of polystyrene is demonstrated and compared to traditional dissolution/precipitation extractions. The purpose of the study was twofold: 1) the development of a high performance liquid …
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Health Starts in the Home: An Assessment of Efforts to Improve Occupant Health through Healthy Building Materials in San Francisco’s Affordable Housing
… that typically have added chemicals like flame retardants, highly fluorinated compounds, and antimicrobials. Recent research has linked these chemicals to adverse health outcomes such as asthma, endocrine disruption, cancer, neurodevelopmental issues, and reproductive problems (Bayer et …
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Characterisation of Halogen Free Fire Retardant Polypropylene Composites Reinforced by Short Natural Fibres
… drawback of currently available filler type flame retardants is that, they require considerably large amount of filler (by weight) to achieve the standard flammability ratings and thereby promote adverse effects on the mechanical properties of the composites. Use of intumescent ammonium …
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The adverse effects of 1,2-bis(tribromophenoxy)ethane in mink (Mustela vison)
… VISON)ByStephanie Smith-EdwardsBrominated flame retardants (BFRs) have been incorporated into a variety of consumer productsfor several years. Demonstration of BFRs in the environment, wildlife and humans hasprompted concern for these emerging contaminants. Two of the …
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